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I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya
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Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 27220125     EISSN : 27226034     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51559/ptji.v1i2
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health
The Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia or PTJI is an open access journal that publishes scientifically content two editions per year June and December to promote clinical practice and research in the physical therapy area The Journal aims to promote a lively exchange of ideas between academics and practitioners as well as to bridge and integrate the intellectual of physical therapy experts
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Articles 169 Documents
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The integration of structured physical training and nutrition to enhance seafarer endurance and career preparedness in maritime education Riyanto, Riyanto; Cahyadi, Tri; Winarno, Winarno; Faozun, Irfan; Barasa, Larsen; Zakiah, Diah; Suranta, Natanael; Simanjuntak, Marudut Bernadtua
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.242

Abstract

Background: Maritime professionals face intense physical and mental demands, yet vocational education often overlooks structured fitness and balanced nutrition, focusing primarily on technical skills. This study explored the impact of integrating these elements on cadet endurance, cognitive function, and career sustainability, addressing a gap in existing research that rarely assesses fitness and nutrition systematically. Through qualitative insights from lecturers, graduates, and cadets, this research aimed to identify implementation challenges and evaluate perspectives on fitness scheduling, dietary adequacy, and career preparedness, ultimately offering practical recommendations for enhancing maritime training programs. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation to explore the integration of physical training and nutrition in maritime education. Participants included 5 lecturers, 10 graduates, and 25 cadets, providing diverse perspectives. Data analysis followed a thematic qualitative approach, including cross-group comparisons and narrative synthesis, to identify recurring patterns and develop evidence-based recommendations for enhancing maritime training programs. The study assessed cadet performance, endurance, and career preparedness through indicators such as engagement in physical activities and perceived nutritional adequacy. The findings aimed to contribute to a more resilient and health-conscious maritime workforce. Results: Findings indicate that structured physical training improves cadet endurance and teamwork, while nutritional planning remains inconsistent, affecting energy levels and long-term health. Cadets expressed challenges in balancing fitness with coursework, suggesting the need for optimized scheduling and nutritional education. Conclusions: To enhance maritime workforce sustainability, institutions should integrate structured physical training, standardized meal plans, and nutritional awareness programs. Future research should assess long-term effects of fitness and dietary habits on seafarer health and career performance.
Physiotherapy intervention for posture improvement in individual with scoliosis: A case study Adnan Faris Naufal; Setiawan, Arif; Kurnia, Pramudya; Fitri, Anida Azkia
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.232

Abstract

Background: Scoliosis is a structural spinal deformity marked by an abnormal sideways curvature and a loss of the spine's natural front-to-back alignment, resulting in postural imbalances. This study investigates how physiotherapy interventions improve posture in individuals with scoliosis. Methods: This qualitative descriptive-analytic case study utilized physiotherapy interventions such as stretching exercises, Pilates, core stability training, myofascial release, and manipulation therapy. Outcome measures included a scoliometer (spinal curvature), goniometer (lumbar range of motion), McGill's Torso Muscular Endurance Test Battery (core endurance), volumetric exerciser (lung capacity), measuring tape (limb length), Clarke's angle method (foot arch assessment), and Zebris FDM (body force pressure and center of pressure movement during stance). Results: Physiotherapy improved postural alignment, reducing spinal curvature from 9 degrees to 3 degrees and increasing lumbar flexion from 61 degrees to 75 degrees. Core endurance increased, as evidenced by a 1.06-second improvement in the flexion-extension ratio and a 0.90-second bilateral increase in side-bridge endurance. Limb length discrepancy decreased from 2.5 cm to 0.5 cm, enhancing symmetry in both true and apparent lengths. Foot arch asymmetry also improved, with the right arch increasing from 45 degrees to 46 degrees and the left from 39.7 degrees to 42.5 degrees. Conversely, lung capacity declined from 1363 mL to 1238 mL. Force pressure distribution became more asymmetrical in most cases, particularly affecting the longer limb in individuals with scoliosis, and center of pressure movement increased from 51.5 mm to 76.5 mm, indicating altered balance and postural control. Conclusion: Over two months, physiotherapy effectively improved postural alignment and musculoskeletal function in individuals with scoliosis.
Female gender and time from injury to surgery as risk factors for decreased knee functions in ACL injury survivors Kurniawati, Ida; Witari, Ni Putu Diah; Dewi, Anak Agung Ayu Asri Prima; Kerans, Fransiscus Fiano Anthony; Sumadewi, Komang Trisna; Astini, Dewa Ayu Agung Alit Suka; Evayanti, Luh Gde
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.247

Abstract

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are serious orthopedic conditions that require long-term recovery and significant costs. This study aimed to assess the risk of decreased knee function among ACL injury survivors in the Indonesian ACL community. Methods: This study used a prospective observational cohort design with a population of all members of the Indonesian ACL community who experienced ACL injury. The primary outcome of this study was a decrease in knee function was measured using the Lysholm knee score. We calculated univariate and multivariate analyses using logistic regression for each variable. Results: The results showed that female gender and time from injury to surgery were significant factors that influenced poor knee function after ACL reconstruction. Women had a significantly higher risk (odd ratio (OR) = 15.28; adjusted OR (AOR) = 23.47; p-value < 0.010). In addition, the time between injury and surgery significantly affected postoperative knee function (AOR = 1.05; p-value = 0.049). Other factors such as age and body mass index did not show significant associations in either univariate or multivariate analyses. Conclusion: This study confirmed that female gender and time from injury to surgery were important factors influencing poor knee function after ACL reconstruction. Timely intervention and focused rehabilitation programs are key steps to improve patient functional outcomes.
Comparing the effects of dextrose prolotherapy and extracorporeal shockwave therapy on dynamic balance in knee osteoarthritis patients Rizqi, Fahmi Aulia; Handajani , Noor Idha; Prawitri , Yudith Dian; Arfianti, Lydia; Al Hayyan, Abdul Jabbar; Atika , Atika
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.251

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related degenerative disease affecting the subchondral tissue of articular and bone cartilage, leading to biomechanical changes that cause pain, stiffness, and balance impairment, which increases fall risk and its severe consequences, including fractures, joint dislocations, loss of independence, and even death. Dynamic balance function can be assessed using the four square step test (FSST), a recommended functional test for knee OA patients. Knee OA management continues to develop, introducing regenerative therapies such as dextrose prolotherapy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effects of dextrose prolotherapy and ESWT on dynamic balance outcomes. Methods: Twenty-one subjects with unilateral knee osteoarthritis (grade II-III) were randomly assigned to either the dextrose prolotherapy or ESWT therapy group. The dextrose prolotherapy group received three injections, with a 3-week interval between each. The ESWT group underwent six sessions of therapy spaced one week apart. FSST was assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Significant improvements in dynamic balance function, as measured by the FSST (p < 0.05), were observed within each group when comparing pre-and post-intervention results. However, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found in FSST outcomes between the two groups. No severe adverse effects were reported in patients from either group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a positive impact of dextrose prolotherapy and ESWT therapy on the dynamic balance function of patients with knee OA. Both interventions were equally effective in improving dynamic balance function.
The effect of reminiscence exercise therapy on functional mobility and psychological well-being among elderly Mendrofa, Fery Agusman Motuho
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.254

Abstract

Background: Elderly individuals often experience decline in both physical mobility and psychological well-being. reminiscence exercise therapy (RET) is a novel approach that integrates reminiscence therapy with targeted physical exercises. This study aims to investigate the effect of RET on functional mobility and psychological well-being of elderly residents in a nursing home in Semarang City. Methods: This pre-experimental study used a one-group pretest-posttest design with 36 elderly participants selected through purposive sampling. Functional mobility was assessed using the timed up and go test (TUG) and elderly mobility scale (EMS), while psychological well-being was measured using the geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) and satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). RET was conducted in 6 sessions over 3 weeks. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: Significant improvements were observed in all parameters after RET intervention. Mean TUG test time decreased from 15.64 to 12.37 seconds (p=0.001), mean EMS score increased from 14.78 to 17.92 (p=0.001), mean GDS-15 score decreased from 7.36 to 4.83 (p=0.002), and mean SWLS score increased from 18.25 to 23.64 (p=0.001). Conclusion: RET showed potential to improve both functional mobility and psychological well-being in elderly nursing home residents. However, the pre-experimental design limits causal inferences, and further controlled studies are needed.
Light physical activity and vitamin D improve sperm quality of male Rattus norvegicus exposed to cigarette smoke Amaral, Meriana Barreto; Satriyasa, Bagus Komang; Yasa, I Wayan Putu Sutirta; Sudarmaja, I Made; Jawi, I Made; Manuaba, Ida Bagus Putra; Linawati, Ni Made; Widiyanti, I Gusti Ayu
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.261

Abstract

Background: Male infertility is a significant global health issue, with rising prevalence linked to environmental factors such as secondhand smoke, which impairs sperm quality. This study aimed to examine how light physical activity and vitamin D supplementation improved sperm quality in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: This study used a randomized experimental design with 38 rats, divided into two groups. The control group was exposed to cigarette smoke and received vitamin D at 18 IU/kg body weight (BW) daily. The treatment group was exposed to cigarette smoke, received the same vitamin D dose, and underwent light physical activity. The 35-day research period involved the analysis of evaluated parameters. Differences between these parameters were assessed using an independent t-test, with statistical significance set at a P-value < 0.05. Results: Compared to the control group (p-values< 0.001), the treatment group, receiving light physical activity and vitamin D supplementation, exhibited significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (0.96 ± 0.14 nmol/mL), higher vitamin D receptor expression (2.44 ± 0.58 cells/HPF), and increased testosterone levels (4.33 ± 0.76 ng/dL). Sperm quality was also significantly improved in the treatment group, showing higher sperm count (2.24 ± 0.81 × 10⁶/mL), motility (4.20 ± 0.23%), viability (3.07 ± 0.39%), and normal morphology (5.34 ± 0.17%) (p-values< 0.001). Conclusion: Light physical activity and vitamin D supplementation improved sperm quality in cigarette smoke-exposed male rats, correlating with reduced MDA and elevated vitamin D receptor expression and testosterone. Further clinical trials are warranted to explore human applications.
Prioritization of key areas of the resilience in children with cerebral palsy strategy based on the analytical hierarchy process Denny Pratama, Aditya; Purwana, Rachmadhi; Sopaheluwakan, Jan; Pranita, Diaz; Akbar, Bintang Mukhammad Burhanudin; Chen, Jein-Wen
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.267

Abstract

Background: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often require various forms of support to fulfill their basic rights and achieve a good quality of life. This research aimed to identify strategies to enhance the resilience and sustainability of children with CP. Methods: This research used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) developed by T. Saaty. We identified key elements, such as social, economic, and environmental factors, that enhance resilience in children with CP. This study used expert respondents, including the government, academics, the community, the private sector, society, and people with CP. Results: The research results indicated that the main strategies were strengthening central and regional regulations, updating integrated data, enhancing the ecosystem of inclusive disability services, increasing the quantity and quality of medical and educational personnel, massive social movements related to disabilities, and building inclusive areas. The government plays a key role in determining policies that would have an overall impact. The potential for the sustainability of children with CP could be realized by paying attention to the key factors crucial for the sustainability of children with CP. Conclusion: According to this study, local governments should be better equipped to create policies based on reliable disability data. Teachers and medical staff should also get continual training on how to help children with CP. To ensure the strategy's durability, stakeholder collaboration using the Penta Helix approach must be institutionalized. This study suggested that we should increase the public advocacy through social movements and the media to end stigma and promote inclusive public space design.
The effect of non-invasive treatment based on neurodevelopmental treatment on trunk control and upper extremity functional ability in children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy Pratama, Aditya Denny; Hasyim, Hana; Moffat, Marilyn
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.271

Abstract

Background: Children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy often showed impaired trunk control and upper limb function, which limited their daily activities and independence. Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) was used as a physiotherapy approach to improve motor control and reduce abnormal muscle tone. However, the evidence on its effectiveness for upper limb function and trunk control remained limited. This study aimed to examine the effect of non-invasive treatment based on NDT on trunk control and upper extremity functional ability in children with spastic diplegia. Methods: This pre-experimental one-group pre-test–post-test study involved 20 children aged 5–12 years with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy (gross motor gunction classification system (GMFCS) Level III) who received NDT-based physiotherapy twice a week for eight weeks at Yayasan Ramah Cerebral Palsy (RCP), Bogor. The study excluded children with spastic hemiplegia, quadriplegia, athetoid CP, comorbid conditions such as heart disease, non-active members, and those who did not undergo therapy at RCP. Researchers measured upper extremity function using the quality of upper extremity skills test (QUEST) and assessed trunk control using the trunk control measurement scale (TCMS). They analyzed the data using paired sample t-tests to compare pre- and post-intervention results and applied Pearson’s correlation to examine the relationship between trunk control and upper limb function. Results: Post-intervention evaluation revealed a significant improvement in upper extremity function (QUEST mean increase: 22.45±3.05, p< 0.001) and trunk control (TCMS mean increase: 16.15±5.01, p< 0.001). The relationship between improved trunk control and enhanced upper extremity function was significant, as indicated by Pearson's correlation of 0.696, p < 0.001. Conclusion: In children diagnosed with spastic diplegia CP, an 8-week NDT intervention significantly improved upper extremity functional capacity and trunk control. The findings emphasized that the application of NDT in enhancing motor coordination and independence, thereby contributing to an improved quality of life for this population.
Stroke in Indonesia: An epidemiological overview Adityasiwi, Gian Lisuari; Budiono, Irwan; Zainafree, Intan; Cahyati , Widya Hary
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.274

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of illness and death in Indonesia. Understanding its risk factors is essential for effective prevention. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with stroke incidence in Indonesia. Methods: This study utilized a literature review approach and analyzed data from national health surveys from year of 2007, 2013, and 2018 and data from Indonesian health profile from year of 2023. The stroke risk factors and sociodemographic variables were examined descriptively to identify regional trends and urban-rural disparities. Additionally, bivariate analysis was conducted using Chi-square test to assess relationships between stroke incidence and various risk factors. Results: Stroke cases increased from 2007 to 2018 but decreased in 2023. In contrast, diabetes mellitus prevalence increased in 2023, suggesting no direct correlation with the observed decrease in stroke cases (p-value > 0.050). Conclusion: The findings underscore the necessity of targeted public health interventions to decrease stroke incidence in Indonesia through early detection, lifestyle modifications, and enhanced awareness at both individual and community levels. The outcomes of this review offered a basis for subsequent public health research and strategies focused on decreasing the incidence of stroke in Indonesia.
Effectiveness of rehabilitation programs in acute post-stroke: A systematic review Adityasiwi, Gian Lisuari; Budiono, Irwan; Zainafree, Intan; Maharani, Chatila
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i2.276

Abstract

Introduction: The effectiveness of rehabilitation programs during the acute phase of stroke remain unclear. This study aimed to identify and analyze the forms of exercise education available for post-stroke patients based on a review of existing literature. Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA). This study included research articles related to rehabilitation programs for post-acute stroke patients that were published between 2019 and 2024. Literature searches were performed using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Results: Among the 10 eligible studies, effective programs involved collaboration among medical teams, caregivers, and families. Hospital-based training with early mobilization was often combined with home-based programs supported by technologies such as telehealth for remote monitoring to enhance mobility. In addition, the iron level assessments and vitamin supplementation were important to support the rehabilitation process for patients with acute stroke. Conclusion: Acute-phase rehabilitation has proven effective in enhancing physical recovery and function in stroke patients. However, methodological variations highlight the need for further research to develop region-specific protocols based on sociodemographic factors.

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