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I Putu Gde Surya Adhitya
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Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 27220125     EISSN : 27226034     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51559/ptji.v1i2
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health
The Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia or PTJI is an open access journal that publishes scientifically content two editions per year June and December to promote clinical practice and research in the physical therapy area The Journal aims to promote a lively exchange of ideas between academics and practitioners as well as to bridge and integrate the intellectual of physical therapy experts
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Articles 169 Documents
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Effect of additional uphill treadmill exercise combined with standard therapy on walking speed in patients with knee osteoarthritis Kristiani, Taurisia; Tinduh, Damayanti; Intaniasari, Dyah; Soenarnatalina
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.277

Abstract

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive musculoskeletal condition that limits mobility by reducing walking speed. Exercise therapy can improve walking speed in knee OA patients. This research aimed to demonstrate that the addition of uphill treadmill exercises to standard therapy protocols was more effective in enhancing walking speed in patients with grade II and III knee osteoarthritis compared to standard therapy alone. Methods: This randomized controlled trial at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital included 36 patients with knee OA grade II-III (Kellgren-Lawrence scale), aged 50-60 years, BMI <30 kg/m², moderate pain (VAS 30-60mm), and independent walking ability. Exclusion criteria included recent knee injuries/surgeries, intra-articular injections, acute inflammation, inflammatory arthritis, significant deformities, uncontrolled cardiovascular/diabetes conditions, respiratory disorders, sensory disturbances, balance disorders, concurrent therapy, pacemaker contraindications, cognitive impairment, and substance abuse. Subjects were randomized into control (n=18) and treatment groups (n=18). Controls received standard therapy (Q-bench strengthening and TENS). The treatment group received identical standard therapy plus uphill treadmill exercise (8-degree inclination, 1.1 m/s, 30 minutes) twice weekly for 5 weeks. Walking speed was assessed using 10-Meter Walk Test at baseline, post-intervention, and 20-day follow-up. Results: The treatment group demonstrated significantly superior walking speed improvements compared to controls. No baseline differences existed (p-value= 0.680; Cohen's d= 0.14), but significant improvements occurred at post-intervention (p-value= 0.030; Cohen's d= 0.79) and 20-day follow-up (p-value =0.02; Cohen's d= 0.83). Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in walking speed in post-exercise measurements and follow-up measurements in grade II-III knee OA patients who received additional uphill treadmill training compared to standard exercises.
A 12-week tailored sit-and-reach metrics intervention for archery athletes with flexibility deficits Humaid, Hidayat; Wattimena, Ferry Yohannes; Hernawan, Hernawan; Ramadhan, Muhammad Gilang; Utama, Made Bang Redy; Wenly, Ayu Purnama
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.278

Abstract

Background: Flexibility is a critical component of archery performance, where biomechanical demands such as postural stabilization and bow draw-release mechanics require optimal posterior chain mobility. This study aimed to evaluate a 12-week tailored flexibility program in improving posterior chain mobility in elite archers with flexibility deficits. Methods: This pretest-posttest pre-experimental study involved 30 elite archers (15 males, 15 females; ages 17–43 years) with baseline sit-and-reach deficits (≤25 cm). A 12-week intervention program combined dynamic-progressive stretching, myofascial release, and mobility training based on archery biomechanical profiles. Flexibility was measured using the sit-and-reach test at weeks 0 (pretest), 6 (midtest), and 12 (posttest). Statistical analyses included tests for normality of Shapiro-Wilk, homogeneity of Levene's test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni’s post-hoc. Results: There was a significant increase in sit-and-reach scores from pretest (13.2 ± 4.1 cm) to midtest (18.9 ± 4.7 cm; p< 0.001; d = 1.32) and posttest (22.6 ± 5.3 cm; p< 0.001; d= 2.01), with a large effect size (η² = 0.632). Homogeneous responses were observed across age and body mass index subgroups, indicating the adaptability of the personalized protocol. There was no significant difference between genders (p>0.05). Conclusion: A 12-week sport-specific flexibility intervention effectively improved posterior chain mobility in elite archers. These findings highlighted the importance of integrating personalized programs that consider biomechanical demands and regular assessment.
Age and ergonomic position as determinants of musculoskeletal disorders among Batik workers: A cross-sectional study Pristianto, Arif; Naufal, Adnan Faris; Dewangga, Mahendra Wahyu; Setiyaningsih, Rita; Aranti, Wulan Adis; Triasari, Ana; Amanda, Mutiara Sabta; Lathifani, Nabila Rizka; Billa, Azizah Shalsa; Samiyem, Samiyem; Siddiq, Muhammad Nizar
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.282

Abstract

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are complaints that occur in human muscles and bones, which are caused by several factors such as excessive work, lifting heavy loads, age, gender, and others. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between age and ergonomic working positions with the occurrence of MSDs across different divisions and types of batik production. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with cross-divisional analysis based on the type of batik worked on. The study involving 60 respondents selected through purposive sampling from Laweyan Batik Village. Research data was collected using several instruments, including: Nordic body map (NBM), Oswestry disability index (ODI), work ergonomic risk assessment (WERA), and numeric rating scale (NRS). Results: It was found that age was not related to the cause of changes in waist functional ability, with p-value= 0.342. There is a relationship between the level of waist ergonomics when working and the risk of lower back pain in batik makers, with p-value= 0.030. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the level of waist ergonomics when working and the risk of lower back pain in batik makers, but age was not related with musculoskeletal disorders in batik workers.
The short version of the Indonesian falls efficacy scale for older adults Djoar, Raditya Kurniawan; Anggarani, Anastasia Putu Martha; Indawati, Rachmah; Hendriani, Wiwin
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.283

Abstract

Introduction: The short version of the falls efficacy scale–international (FES-I), consisting of seven items, has not yet been adapted for use in Indonesia, although the long version has been validated in Bahasa Indonesia. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Indonesian short version of the FES-I for use in time-limited settings or with frail older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study validated the Indonesian Falls Efficacy Scale for older adults through translation, cultural adaptation, expert review, and reliability testing. Content validity was assessed by seven experts, and a field test was conducted with 135 older adults. Data were analyzed using Cronbach’s Alpha in IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Results: Among the 135 respondents, the majority (82%) were aged between 60 and 74 years, with females comprising 60% of the sample. The shortened questionnaire demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.8) and excellent validity (item content validity index= 0.857–1; scale-level content validity index= 0.938). Conclusion: The findings support the reliability and validity of the short Indonesian version of the FES. This version is especially effective and practical for quickly screening older adults with a fear of falling during daily activities and social interactions.
Palliative care outcomes in adult intensive care units: A scoping review of potential quality indicators Suwardianto, Heru; Setiyarini, Sri; Effendy, Christantie
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.284

Abstract

Background: While critical care focuses on survival, it may unintentionally overlook aspects of comfort, dignity, and communication that are essential to quality end-of-life care. This scoping review aimed to identify existing outcome indicators, highlight gaps, and propose potential quality indicators for palliative care in ICU settings. Methods: Fifty-seven databases were searched for relevant publications published between January 2000 and December 31, 2024. The inclusion criteria were full-text, peer-reviewed journal articles in English, consisting of final versions of original or review studies conducted in adult ICUs. Case studies, perspectives, editorials, and reports were excluded. This study used the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) approach. We reviewed the literature across multiple databases, including PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and BASE. We carried out the ScR according to the structure suggested by Arksey and O'Malley. Results: This review included 57 studies, with a total of 158 codes representing 122 unique codes, which were grouped into 29 sub-themes (categories of palliative care outcomes) within five main themes: communication and palliative care consultation, end-of-life care decisions, symptom management and comfort, psychosocial well-being of patients and families, and ethics and the role of clinicians in palliative care. Additionally, unique categories were identified to reflect each of these themes. Conclusion: Outcomes have been highlighted as unique and significant palliative care outcomes for adult patients in ICU critical care settings, potentially becoming candidate quality indicators. The candidate outcome indicators for palliative care in the ICU in the future will contribute to more measurable and standardized outcome assessments.
Perceptions and experiences of drug-resistant tuberculosis, HIV, and AIDS patients who experience loss to follow-up based on life values and stigma: a phenomenological study Amirudin, Ikhwan; Waluyo, Agung; Nursasi, Astuti Yuni; Ayubi, Dian
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.290

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and tuberculosis are closely related and remain serious problems despite the implementation of various treatment strategies, but cases continue to increase. This research aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of drug-resistant tuberculosis people with HIV/AIDS who experience loss of follow-up based on life values and stigma. Methods: This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach and (COREQ) guidelines. Researchers purposively sampled participants with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis in Lampung Province, Indonesia. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step thematic analysis. Results: The results of the study described 7 themes related to the perceptions and experiences of drug-resistant tuberculosis HIV/AIDS sufferers who experience loss to follow-up based on life values and stigma, including 1) understanding of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis; 2) causes of TB and HIV/AIDS clients experiencing loss to follow-up; 3) what happens after experiencing loss to follow-up: economic problems and drug availability; 4) adaptation after experiencing loss to follow-up: comfort; 5) use of herbal medicine as therapy; 6) barriers and support when it comes to control and treatment; 7) hope to recover and regularly taking medication and environmental dilemmas. Conclusion: HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis sufferers who experienced loss to follow-up provide an understanding of experience, including the process of disease transmission and spread as well as antiretroviral drug treatment, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and the side effects they experience. A further problem is the community’s assessment of the condition of the disease. The support and facilities provided affected the issue of needs, both material and psychological.
The efficacy of kinesiotaping combined with shoulder strengthening and pectoralis minor stretching for improving scapular alignment in tailors with rounded shoulder posture Kamayoga, I Dewa Gede Alit; Yudik Prasetyo; Widiyanto; A A I Ayesa Febrinia Adyasputri
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.293

Abstract

Background: Rounded shoulder posture is marked by forward displacement of the shoulders from their neutral position, commonly caused by prolonged poor sitting habits. Clinically, it manifests as shoulder or scapular pain, restricted range of motion, and increased stiffness of the pectoralis minor. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of adding kinesiotaping to a shoulder strengthening and pectoralis minor stretching program with that of a conventional exercise therapy protocol commonly used as standard treatment. Methods: This experimental study used a pretest-posttest two-group design involving 42 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The sample was divided into intervention (shoulder strengthening and pectoralis minor stretching exercises + kinesiotaping) and control (shoulder strengthening and pectoralis minor stretching exercises) groups, and the data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. Results: Paired sample t-test analysis in the kinesiotaping and strengthening group showed a significant result (p=0.000). Independent sample t-test revealed significant differences between groups for right scapular alignment (p=0.000) and left scapular alignment (p=0.035), indicating that adding kinesiotaping significantly improved scapular alignment compared to strengthening and pectoralis minor stretching alone. Conclusion: Both intervention and control groups improved scapular alignment in tailors. However, the intervention group showed a greater effect than control group.
Effects of aerobic exercise and high-intensity interval training on muscle damage in an overtraining rat model Syetiawinanda, Amriansyah; Doewes, Muchsin; Purwanto, Bambang; Soetrisno, Soetrisno; Kristiyanto, Agus; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i1.297

Abstract

Background: Overtraining is commonly associated with elevated oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and structural damage to muscle fibers, all of which contribute to a decline in physical performance. This study aimed to assess the impact of aerobic exercise on biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as the integrity of the sarcolemma. Methods: A six-week experimental study was conducted using 24 rats, which were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8 per group): a negative control group (no treatment), an aerobic exercise group, and a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group. The levels of biochemical markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Additionally, the expression of caspase-3 was determined through immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Muscle tissue damage was evaluated by means of histopathological examination. The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Mann-Whitney post hoc test to assess differences between groups. Results: The findings indicated that aerobic exercise did not result in a statistically significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) (p = 0.833), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (p = 0.800), nitric oxide (NO) (p = 0.791), or superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p = 0.520) levels. Nevertheless, the aerobic exercise group exhibited a significantly lower expression of caspase-3 compared to the other groups (p = 0.023). Furthermore, aerobic exercise was associated with a significant reduction in muscle tissue damage (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that both aerobic exercise and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) have the potential to be utilized as therapeutic approaches for mitigating exercise-induced muscle damage, primarily through their positive influence on sarcolemma stability. However, additional clinical investigations are necessary to confirm these results and establish their relevance for clinical implementation.
Battery of tests for return-to-sport assessment after knee injury in athletes Lesmana, Syahmirza Indra; Sugiyanto; Hidayatullah, M. Furqon; Doewes, Muchsin; Jusup, Sinu Andhi
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i2.285

Abstract

Background: Knee injury is a common sports injury, and exercise therapy can be guided by functional and biological tests to assess healing and readiness to return to sport. This study aimed to develop a test battery to identify the most predictive functional test in determining the success of an exercise therapy program for sports injury. Methods: A test construction methodology was used, incorporating 8 field test instruments and TGF-β1 as a biological marker. Statistical methods, including multiple correlation and Wherry Doolittle test selection, were applied to develop a functional test model supporting post-injury sports therapy. Results: This study found no significant correlation between TGF-β1 and the single leg stance (p=0.160), single leg calf raise (p=0.902), vertical jump (p=0.344), shuttle run (p=0.794), and hop tests (p=0.555). However, significant correlations were found with the sit and reach test (p<0.001; r=0.471) and hexagonal agility test (p=0.019; r=-0.318). Multivariate linear regression showed that the single leg stance, sit and reach, and hexagonal agility tests were predictors of TGF-β1, with the single leg stance and sit and reach tests explaining 23% of its variance. Conclusion: Test battery arrangement for functional tests that were considered predictive include single leg stance and sit and reach tests, with low correlation values, which two tests in the form of single leg balance and sit and reach tests have a relationship with tissue healing. Additionally, several other tests were designed to determine the ability of athletes to RTS.
A scoping review of educational methods to optimize parental self-efficacy and health literacy in improving the quality of life among children with thalassemia: Evidence from Asian studies Sarinengsih, Yuyun; Putri Alya, Fania; Harun, Zaliha; Gunavathy
Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): July-December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Udayana dan Diaspora Taipei Medical University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51559/ptji.v6i2.296

Abstract

Background: The success of parents in managing thalassemia in children is influenced by several important aspects, including self-efficacy and health literacy. Educational programs specifically designed for parents and children with thalassemia have been shown to improve the quality of life of children significantly. This scoping review aimed to identify and map family-centered educational interventions that enhanced parental self-efficacy and health literacy to improve the quality of life for children with thalassemia. Methods: This research employs a scoping review method, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A literature search was conducted across four databases: EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus, and Taylor & Francis, as well as the search engine Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria included full-text articles in English, primary studies discussing educational interventions related to self-efficacy and health literacy, and studies with a quality score ≥70% based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) assessment. Exclusion criteria consisted of secondary research such as literature reviews and editorials, as well as studies with a JBI score below 70%. The study selection strategy used the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) approach. Total of 17 articles were finally included in the analysis. Results: A total of 17 articles were found and included in the study. There are two types of interventions, conventional and digital-based educations. The media used in conventional education include booklets, pamphlets, posters, and PowerPoint presentations, along with methods such as lectures, group discussions, and training sessions. In addition, digital-based education in this study was a smartphone app and mobile learning. Conclusion: Conventional and digital-based educations have the potential to be effective methods in optimizing parental self-efficacy, health literacy, and knowledge, which can improve the quality of life for children with thalassemia.

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