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Nurul Hidayah
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INDONESIA
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science
Published by Stem Cell and Cancer Research Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28296621     DOI : https://doi.org/10.59278/
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science, formerly CBS Int. Journal is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal published by Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR), Indonesia. The journal publishes papers describing original findings and reviews articles in all aspects of cell, molecular biology, and biomedical research. Received manuscripts are accepted for publication only after rigorously being reviewed by independent experts in the respective fields determining the originality, validity, and conclusions.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 60 Documents
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Harnessing the Innate Effector: A Narrative Review of Advancing Strategies in CAR Engineering, Metabolic Reprogramming, and TME Resistance of Natural Killer Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy Agustina, Rita; Lestari, Endah Agustina; Sidiq, Husni Ahmad; Nazar, M. Ariq
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.70

Abstract

Natural Killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising modality for cancer treatment. As pivotal players in the innate immune system, cells independently recognize and eliminate malignant cells without prior sensitization, offering distinct advantages over other cell-based therapies. This review highlights the current landscapes of NK cell adoptive therapy, from fundamental biology to cutting-edge clinical applications. It highlights how advancing NK cell sources, including peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, established cell lines, and the increasingly significant induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are driving wider, more standardized therapeutic use. The multifaceted strategies employed to enhance NK cell efficacy are being explored, including advanced expansion protocols and sophisticated genetic engineering techniques such as the introduction of Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CARs) and modifications to bolster antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Additionally, it also addresses the significant hurdles that remain, primarily the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and discusses innovative strategies being developed to overcome these challenges. By synthesizing preclinical data and results from the latest clinical trials, this review highlights the remarkable progress and bright future of NK cell therapy as a safer, effective, and more accessible cornerstone of cancer treatment.
A Novel Regenerative Approach for Acne Vulgaris Using Combined Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome and Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Case Report Zamzam, Salsabillah; Kusumaningrum, Novi; Prawitasari, Salindri; Cahyani, Dini; Adityani, Resanti
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.71

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that often leads to scarring and pigmentation. Conventional therapies may provide limited improvement and are frequently associated with adverse effects. Recent advances in regenerative medicine suggest that stem cell–derived secretome and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may promote skin repair and rejuvenation through anti-inflammatory and regenerative pathways. Case Presentation: A 21-year-old male presented with persistent inflammatory acne and post-acne hyperpigmentation. The patient underwent two sessions of combined SH-MSCs-derived secretome and PRP therapy at two-week intervals. Facial assessments were performed using the Janus Skin Analyzer at baseline, day 14, and day 28. Quantitative analysis revealed significant improvement in multiple parameters, including reduction of pore size, pigmentation index, and sebum levels, accompanied by enhanced skin elasticity. Clinically, the patient exhibited visible improvement in overall skin texture, evenness, and clarity without any adverse reactions. Results: Marked clinical improvement was observed after the second session, with visible reduction in acne lesions, fading of post-acne marks, and overall improvement in skin radiance. Quantitative analysis demonstrated a 30% reduction in pore condition, 58% increase in elasticity, 35% decrease in pigmentation index, and 227% reduction in sebum levels compared to baseline. These findings indicate significant enhancement in skin texture, tone, and elasticity. Conclusion: Combination therapy using SH-MSCs-derived secretome and PRP demonstrated promising regenerative and aesthetic outcomes in this patient with acne vulgaris. Larger-scale clinical studies are warranted to validate efficacy and optimize treatment protocols.
Secretome-Based Therapy Promotes Epidermal Thickness Recovery and Follicular Regrowth in Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia in Rats Ametati, Holy; Prawitasari, Salindri; Habibi
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.72

Abstract

Background: Alopecia involves hair loss characterized by decreased follicle density and epidermal thinning, which may be exacerbated by prolonged fluconazole exposure. The secretome derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) possesses anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties that could aid follicular repair. Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control, 5% minoxidil, hUC-MSC secretome, and secretome–minoxidil combination. Alopecia was induced by fluconazole administration for seven days, followed by a seven-day treatment period. Histological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin staining assessed hair follicle count and epidermal thickness. Results: The hUC-MSC secretome group exhibited a significant increase in follicle count (mean 39.2; p < 0.001) compared with the control and minoxidil groups. However, changes in epidermal thickness were not statistically significant (p = 0.133). Conclusion: hUC-MSC secretome effectively enhances follicular regeneration in fluconazole-induced alopecia and represents a promising biotherapeutic approach for hair restoration.
Synergistic Effects of Honey and Herbal Bioactives in Cancer Suppression Aprilia, Waheni Rizki; Hidayah, Nurul; Ari, Psn Masruri Sulistiyanto
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.73

Abstract

Natural bioactives from medicinal plants and honey possess remarkable antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, limited studies have evaluated their synergistic efficacy as combination formulations. This study aimed to develop and characterize a honey–herbal formulation with potential anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells (MDAMB) while ensuring minimal cytotoxicity toward non-cancerous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The formulation was prepared by blending ethanolic herbal extract with pure natural honey in optimized ratios. Organoleptic characteristics were assessed by sensory evaluation. Antioxidant capacity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Organoleptic analysis showed acceptable color, aroma, texture, and pH profiles. The honey exhibited strong antioxidant (IC₅₀ = 60 ± 0.7 ppm) compared with external honey and others sample. The formulation demonstrates potential as a functional nutraceutical or adjunctive natural therapy for breast cancer management, warranting further in vivo and molecular pathway investigations.
Comparison of Animal Serum-Free Media Culture for cGMP-Compliant Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expansion Irawan, Risky Chandra Satria; Zakiyah, Nibras; Aji, Bramassetyo; Budiarto, Bagus Aji
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i11.74

Abstract

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells distinguished by their ability to self-renew, their potential for multilineage differentiation, and their strong immunomodulatory characteristics. The recent in vitro expansion of MSCs primarily relies on culture media that is supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS). Although FBS is effective in enhancing the proliferation of MSCs and ensuring their survival, its use poses several notable challenges, particularly in clinical environments. Methods: This study seeks to fill this important gap by conducting a comprehensive comparison of various commercially available animal source-serum free media formulations against traditional FBS-supplemented media for the expansion of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). The morphology and density of the cells were examined using an inverted microscope. The cell surface of UC-MSCs was analysed through flow cytometry. The evaluation of cytokines released by UC-MSCs was carried out using ELISA. Result: The conditioned medium obtained from UC-MSCs cultured in HPL shows increased levels of exosomes and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, the UC-MSCs cultured in HPL-supplemented medium maintained a normal morphology and exhibited expression of UC-MSC surface markers exceeding 95%. Additionally, HPL enhanced the proliferation of UC-MSCs to eight times the cell number on the day of seeding. Conclusion: Media enriched with HPL presents considerable potential for future applications within the pharmaceutical sector.
Targeting Hypoxia-Induced Oxidative Stress via Natural Antioxidant Modulation: From Cellular Signaling to Therapeutic Perspectives Dwi Widyawati; Ghea Farmaning Thias Putri; Rifdah Hanifah; Firda Asmaul Husna; Nabila Aulia Tsaqifah; Ainina Al Shadrina
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.76

Abstract

Hypoxia is a fundamental physiological and pathological condition that disrupts cellular homeostasis through the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ dysfunction. The imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defense mechanisms is a key contributor to cell injury and disease progression. This review aims to elucidate the molecular interactions among major redox-sensitive signaling pathways hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in hypoxia-induced oxidative stress, and to highlight the therapeutic potential of natural antioxidants in modulating these pathways. Relevant literature published over the past five years (2020-2025) was systematically reviewed using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The selected studies focused on molecular redox signaling, hypoxia-induced oxidative mechanisms, and the modulatory roles of natural phytochemicals such as Ficus carica bioactive compounds. Recent findings reveal that natural antioxidants regulate redox signaling by activating Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses, suppressing NF-κB driven inflammation, and stabilizing HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions. Phytochemicals, particularly flavonoids and polyphenols, exhibit strong potential to restore oxidative balance, protect cellular integrity, and reduce hypoxia-induced damage. Modulating hypoxia-induced oxidative stress through natural antioxidant pathways offers a promising therapeutic strategy. A deeper understanding of the molecular crosstalk between redox signaling and phytochemical activity may provide new insights for developing preventive and therapeutic interventions against hypoxia-related disorders.
Preliminary Study on Long Fixation in Histological Preparations of Internal Organs of Sprague Dawley Rats Prahanarendra, Galang; Ariany, Devy; Rachmawati, Nurlaely Mida; Hermawati , Luluk; Putri, Ghea Farmaning Thias
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.77

Abstract

Histotechnology is a series of processes ranging from tissue handling to the preparation of slides that can be observed under a microscope. One crucial stage in this process is fixation, which serves to preserve the structure and morphology of the tissue as close as possible to its original physiological state. However, prolonged fixation duration may lead to tissue hardening, dissolution, and structural damage. This study aims to obtain supporting data for the development of a standard operating procedure (SOP) in histotechnology that can be applied in the animal house and histology laboratories of the Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. The results showed that fixation for three weeks caused morphological damage to the kidney, liver, and pancreas of Sprague Dawley rats. The findings included tissue perforation in all three organs, endothelial nuclear damage in the kidney, central vein wall damage in the liver, and cellular disintegration in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that a fixation duration of three weeks does not produce optimal histological images and therefore cannot be used as a reference for establishing a standard histotechnology SOP in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta.
Hypoxia-Preconditioned MSCs for Enhanced Bone Regeneration in Ovine Fracture Case Ardianto, Okky; Ramadhanti , Berlian
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.78

Abstract

Background: Bone fracture is a common clinical issue that occurs in humans and animals. The fracture-wound healing process may have a variable duration since several conditions interfere with tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy offers regenerative potential. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hypoxia umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) secretome on fracture wound healing in sheep. Methods: A one-year-old male thin-tailed sheep (Ovis aries) weighing 25 kg had a fracture in the hindlimb digits. The sheep was treated with hypoxia MSC secretome injection thoroughly at the wound area. MSCs were isolated from the umbilical cord and cultured. The cell culture was conditioned in a hypoxic environment (1 – 5% O2). Results: The results showed that secretome application significantly accelerated the fracture wound healing process. Conclusion: This finding indicates that the hypoxia UC-MSC secretome has the potential as a non-cellular regenerative approach in animal orthopaedic cases.
Clinical Interpretation of Urinalysis for Early Detection of Kidney Disorders: A Narrative Review Adinda Puspita Dewi; Selfie Selfie; Baety Adhayati; Yuda Nabella Prameswari; Lola Febriana Dewi; Luluk Hermawati
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.79

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue with a steadily increasing prevalence and often remains asymptomatic in its early stages. This silent progression contributes to delayed diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Urinalysis is a simple, inexpensive, and noninvasive examination that remains relevant as an early screening tool to detect renal abnormalities before clinical manifestations appear. Methods: This narrative review summarizes the latest scientific evidence regarding the diagnostic value of urinalysis in the early detection of kidney disorders by highlighting the physical, chemical, and microscopic parameters of urine. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2020 and 2025 with the keywords urinalysis, kidney disease, early detection, uACR, and eGFR. Only English- or Indonesian-language articles relevant to the topic and containing empirical data were included. Results: Urinalysis has been shown to provide early indicators of proteinuria, hematuria, and pathological casts that reflect glomerular and tubular injury. Integration of urinalysis results with uACR and eGFR measurements, as recommended by KDIGO 2024, improves diagnostic accuracy and risk stratification. Additionally, automated digital microscopy and emerging biomarkers such as NGAL and KIM-1 show substantial potential in strengthening early detection capabilities. Discussion and Clinical Implications: Urinalysis not only serves as a screening tool but also holds prognostic value in guiding follow-up and clinical management of high-risk individuals. Proper interpretation of urinalysis findings can assist clinicians in determining the need for further assessment, initiating earlier interventions, and optimizing prevention of CKD progression. Conclusion: Urinalysis remains an essential basic examination for the early detection of kidney impairment. Its integrated application with modern laboratory parameters can enhance diagnostic effectiveness, accelerate clinical intervention, and reduce the global burden of chronic kidney disease.
The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome and Extracellular Vesicles in Targeting Emerging and Persistent Viral Reservoirs Beyond Respiratory Viruses: A Narrative Review Amalina, Nur Dina; Sitompul, Faya Nuralda; Febri, Ririn Rahmala; Dewayanti, Farahana Kresno; Rafidah, Izzati; Wargadipura, Fitri Hasnaulia
International Journal of Cell and Biomedical Science Vol 4 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : Stem Cell and Cancer Research (SCCR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59278/cbs.v4i12.81

Abstract

Background: Persistent viral infections remain a significant global health challenge, with viral reservoirs in anatomically and immunologically privileged sites evading conventional therapeutic approaches. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secreted factors, including the secretome and extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as promising therapeutic modalities due to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-regenerative properties. Objective: This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the therapeutic potential of MSC-derived secretome and EVs in targeting viral reservoirs beyond respiratory infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis viruses, herpesviruses, and emerging arboviruses. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for studies published between 2015 and 2025, focusing on MSC secretome, extracellular vesicles, viral reservoirs, and persistent viral infections. Results: MSC secretome and EVs demonstrate multifaceted antiviral mechanisms including direct viral inhibition, immunomodulation of host responses, tissue repair of virus-induced damage, and potential targeting of latent viral reservoirs. Evidence from in vitro, animal models, and limited clinical studies suggests efficacy against HIV latent reservoirs, chronic hepatitis B and C infections, cytomegalovirus reactivation, and dengue-induced pathology. Key bioactive components include microRNAs, cytokines, growth factors, and antimicrobial peptides that collectively modulate viral replication and host immunity. Conclusion: MSC-derived therapeutics represent a novel approach to addressing persistent viral infections, although significant challenges remain in standardization, scalability, delivery methods, and clinical translation. Future research should focus on optimizing EV production, identifying specific bioactive components, elucidating the mechanisms of reservoir penetration, and conducting rigorous clinical trials to establish the efficacy and safety profiles of these products.

Page 6 of 6 | Total Record : 60

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