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INDONESIA
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social
Published by Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3031710X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46362/moderate
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences
The MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (MJRES) is an international peer-reviewed journal with a pedigree stretching back to 2022 when it began life as Religious, Education, and Social. It is the leading journal in Indonesia for the dissemination of international research in religion, education, and social-cultural issues and the scholarly discussion of issues concerning religion, education, humanities internationally. The MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (MJRES) is an international peer-reviewed journal that promotes research that contributes to our understanding of the relationship between religion and education in all phases of formal and non-formal educational settings. MJRES publishes articles that are national, international, and transnational in scope from researchers working in any discipline whose work informs debate in religious education. Topics might include biblical theology, systematic theology, religious education, practical theology, and religious theology; research on religion and people; or the influence of religion(s), humanities, and non-religious worldviews upon the educational process as a whole.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 25 Documents
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Perencanaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Melalui Teori Behavioristik: Christian Religious Education Lesson Planning Through Behavioristic Theory Yohana Penina Zefanya Ribka; Tanasyah, Yusak; Tan, Juan
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Humanities (November 2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ptaki.v1i1.1

Abstract

In the teaching and learning process, students as learners and teachers as educators play essential roles. Every student requires a comfortable and conducive learning atmosphere. Each student possesses unique and diverse learning characteristics. The question arises whether a teacher should follow each student's individual learning pattern. In any case, learning necessitates methods and strategies that ensure the teaching and learning process runs smoothly and achieves its objectives. The implementation can be either systematic or less structured, which will be observable during classroom activities. Furthermore, various learning media are needed to convey difficult discussion points. This study specifically addresses the process of Christian Religious Education (CRE). To achieve learning objectives, the author employs behavioristic theory within the CRE learning process. The writing method used is a library study (literature review). This study contributes a practical framework for integrating behavioristic theory—specifically stimulus-response and reinforcement—into Christian Religious Education lesson planning to systematically foster observable behavioral change aligned with spiritual transformation.    Dalam proses belajar mengajar, tentu terdapat peran peserta didik sebagai pembelajar dan guru sebagai pendidik. Setiap peserta didik memerlukan suasana belajar yang nyaman dan kondusif. Setiap peserta didik memiliki karakteristik belajar yang unik dan berbeda. Apakah seorang guru sebagai pendidik harus mengikuti alur atau pola belajar setiap peserta didik? Dalam pembelajaran, diperlukan metode dan strategi agar proses belajar mengajar berlangsung dengan baik dan mencapai tujuan. Bentuk pelaksanaannya, baik teratur maupun tidak teratur, akan terlihat selama proses pembelajaran di kelas. Selain itu, diperlukan berbagai media pembelajaran untuk menyalurkan atau menyampaikan bagian diskusi yang sulit dipahami peserta didik. Secara khusus, penelitian ini membahas proses Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK). Untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, penulis menggunakan teori behavioristik dalam proses pembelajaran PAK. Metode penulisan yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi berupa kerangka praktis untuk mengintegrasikan teori behavioristik ke dalam perencanaan pembelajaran PAK. Kontribusi utamanya adalah menunjukkan bagaimana stimulus-respons dan penguatan dapat digunakan guru PAK untuk membentuk perubahan perilaku peserta didik yang teramati sekaligus mendukung transformasi iman.
Penerapan Perencanaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Berdasarkan Teori Behavioristik Di Tingkat Sekolah Dasar: Application of Christian Religious Education Learning Planning Based on Behavioristic Theory at the Elementary School Level Lumempouw, Nova Liesye; Jayadi, Lionarto Erson
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Humanities (November 2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ptaki.v1i1.2

Abstract

Planning in education is crucial, as it is a purposeful process. Learning planning is a process to achieve goals in learning activities. Such planning can provide relevant and effective learning, especially in Christian Religious Education (CRE) at the elementary school level. This study uses a qualitative literature review method. The findings show that behavioristic theory can be applied in CRE lesson planning for elementary schools through stimulus-response, reinforcement (rewards), and observable behavior changes. The main result is that this approach helps young learners develop Christian faith and character progressively, not only in knowledge but also in visible daily behavior.  This study contributes a practical framework for applying behavioristic theory in CRE lesson planning at the elementary level, showing how stimulus-response and reinforcement produce observable behavioral change in children’s spiritual formation.   Perencanaan dalam pendidikan sangat penting karena merupakan proses yang bertujuan. Perencanaan pembelajaran adalah proses untuk mencapai tujuan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Perencanaan ini dapat memberikan pembelajaran yang relevan dan efektif terutama dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK) di tingkat Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka kualitatif. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa teori behavioristik dapat diterapkan dalam perencanaan pembelajaran PAK di SD melalui stimulus-respons, penguatan (hadiah), dan perubahan perilaku yang teramati. Temuan utamanya adalah pendekatan ini membantu anak usia dini mengembangkan iman dan karakter Kristen secara bertahap, tidak hanya dalam pengetahuan tetapi juga dalam perilaku sehari-hari yang terlihat. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi berupa kerangka praktis penerapan teori behavioristik dalam perencanaan pembelajaran PAK di SD. Kontribusi utamanya adalah membuktikan bahwa stimulus-respons dan penguatan dapat membentuk perubahan perilaku anak yang teramati dalam pembentukan iman dan karakter Kristen mereka.
Kompetensi Guru Dalam Perencanaan Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen: Teacher Competence in Lesson Planning of Christian Religious Education Purba, Junita; Singal, Youke L.; Bintoro, Wahyu; Benny, Beanto
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Humanities (November 2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ptaki.v1i1.3

Abstract

The main purpose of education is to develop the morale of students. Therefore, teachers must imitate good attitudes, actions, and words to students so that they imitate them. Christian education is the process of transmitting Christian knowledge to practice Christian teachings. In schools, the role of the PAK teacher is urgently needed. A PAK teacher is someone who provides knowledge about Christianity that is based on the Bible, centered on Jesus Christ, and depends on the Holy Spirit to students in activities teaching learning, so that students can know God and His love which is done in the form of teaching. Public and private schools must develop teacher professional competence. PAK teachers are the ability of PAK teachers to bring students to understand and practice the religious values ​​they have learned by relying on high abilities and character and referring to the figure of Jesus as the Great Teacher. Teacher competence can contribute to improving learning achievement, being able to be an active role model, creative, innovative and have high integrity in school. Policies to improve the quality of education and teaching must always be pursued by various parties, both the government and other components involved in the process. The teacher as one of the components in it has great duties and responsibilities. Because the future of a nation is determined by qualified teachers. These duties and responsibilities do not only make students know and understand the teaching materials provided but can make students become educated human beings who understand their role as humans, so that they are beneficial for themselves and the surrounding environment. This study contributes a comprehensive framework of PAK teacher competencies—pedagogical, professional, personal, social, and spiritual—integrated into lesson planning to shape students' Christ-like character and improve learning effectiveness in schools.   Tujuan utama pendidikan adalah mengembangkan moral peserta didik. Oleh karena itu, guru harus mencontoh sikap, perbuatan dan ucapan yang baik kepada peserta didik sehingga mereka meneladaninya. Pendidikan Kristen adalah proses transmisi pengetahuan Kristen untuk mengamalkan ajaran Kristen. Di sekolah sangat perlu peran Guru PAK. Guru PAK adalah seorang yang memberikan ilmu pengetahuan tentang agama Kristen yang berdasarkan Alkitab, berpusat pada Yesus Kristus, dan bergantung pada Roh Kudus kepada peserta didik dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, agar para peserta didik dapat mengenal Allah dan kasih-‐‑Nya yang dilakukan dalam bentuk pengajaran. Sekolah negeri maupun swasta harus mengembangkan kompetensi professional guru. Guru PAK adalah kemampuan guru PAK membawa peserta didik memahami serta menjalankan nilai-nilai agama yang dipelajarinya dengan mengandalkan kemampuan dan karakter yang tinggi dan mengacu pada sosok Yesus sebagai Guru Yang Agung. Kompetensi guru dapat memberikan kontribusi atas peningkatan prestasi belajar mampu menjadi teladan aktif kreatif inovatif dan mempunyai integritas yang tinggi di sekolah. Kebijakan peningkatan mutu pendidikan dan pengajaran harus selalu diupayakan oleh berbagai pihak, baik pemerintah maupun komponen lain yang terlibat dalam proses tersebut. Guru sebagai salah satu komponen di dalamnya memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab yang besar. Karena masa depan suatu bangsa ditentukan oleh guru yang berkualitas. Tugas dan tanggung jawab tersebut tidak hanya sekedar membuat peserta didik menjadi tahu dan memahami bahan ajar yang diberikan, tetapi dapat menjadikan peserta didik menjadi manusia terdidik yang memahami perannya sebagai manusia, sehingga bermanfaat bagi diri dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berupa kerangka kompetensi guru PAK (pedagogik, profesional, kepribadian, sosial, dan kerohanian) yang terintegrasi ke dalam perencanaan pembelajaran untuk membentuk karakter peserta didik serupa Kristus dan meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran di sekolah.
Implementasi Teori Kognitif Dan Spiritualitas Dalam Sekolah Tinggi Teologi: The Implementation of Cognitive Theory and Spirituality in a Theological College Lentjang , Sofiah; Soukotta, Dunant F.; Winda, Tan
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Humanities (November 2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ptaki.v1i1.4

Abstract

Education that only emphasizes cognitive theory but only prioritizes spirituality in the Theological College, students will become spiritually dry. Of course he will probably master all the theory in the lesson but not have a good moral spirituality. A student who does not understand the purpose of spirituality in his life will not be able to develop the knowledge they get. As we know science without good spirituality, namely not following the example of Jesus Christ and not obeying God's Word, unable to practice a good spiritual life in daily life will be blind and paralyzed. As students at the Theological College, the Lord Jesus wants us to do the right thing by following his example so that we become like Him. Considering the current decline in the spiritual life of Christians, the emphasis on spirituality based on God's word needs to be increased. So this journal was created so that teachers or lecturers, pastors and prospective pastors in Christian religious education at the Theological College prioritize the spiritual life of their students in the Christian education process.   Pendidikan yang hanya mementingkan teori kognitif tetapi hanya sedikit mengutamakan spiritualitas dalam Sekolah Tinggi Teologi, maka peserta didik akan menjadi kering kerohaniannya. Tentunya dia mungkin akan menguasai semua teori dalam pelajaran namun tidak memiliki moral spiritualitas yang baik. Seseorang peserta didik yang tidak memahami tujuan spiritualitas dalam hidupnya maka tidak akan mampu mengembangkan pengetahuan yang mereka dapat. Seperti yang kita ketahui ilmu tanpa adanya spiritualitas yang baik yaitu tidak mengikuti teladan Yesus Kristus dan tidak mentaati Firman Tuhan, tidak dapat mempraktikkan kehidupan spiritualitas yang baik dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari maka akan buta dan lumpuh. Sebagai peserta didik di Sekolah Tinggi Teologi, Tuhan Yesus ingin kita melakukan perbuatan yang benar dengan mengikuti teladannya agar kita menjadi sama seperti Dia. Mengingat kehidupan spiritualitas orang Kristen saat ini semakin menurun, maka penekanan spiritualitas yang berlandaskan firman Tuhan perlu ditingkatkan. Maka jurnal ini dibuat agar para guru atau Dosen, gembala dan calon gembala dalam pendidikan agama Kristen di Sekolah Tinggi Teologi lebih mengutamakan kehidupan rohani peserta didiknya dalam proses pendidikan Kristen.
Makna Teologis Memberi Persembahan Perpuluhan Dalam Perjanjian Lama: Theological Meaning of Giving Tithe Offerings in the Old Testament Situmorang, Citra Pangalinan; Margaret, Metalia; Putrawan, Bobby Kurnia
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Humanities (November 2023)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/ptaki.v1i1.5

Abstract

In the Ancient Near East, tithing covered various properties, produce or even currency, but specifics varied from culture to culture. In Israel the following were subject to tithing: wheat, new wine, olive oil, fruit, cattle and sheep (Deut. 14:23; Le 27:32, etc.), but other items may also be tithe. Abram gave a tithe of the spoils of war (Gen. 14:20) and Jacob swore to tithe of all that God had given him (Gen. 28:22). argues that throughout the Ancient Near East, all kinds of objects were found as subject to tithing: wool, cloth, wood, weapons, gold, silver, donkeys, and so on. In general, the Israelites had to tithe all the wealth of the land that Yahweh gave them (cf. Deut. 8:18). The concept of tithing was not new to Israel, for its practice could be observed before the law was revealed (Gen. 14:20; 28:20-22). From the time of the patriarchs, the Israelites began to make a vow of tithing (eg Gen. 28:22). That the tithe is mentioned in the Bible as a secular tax (Gen. 47:24; double tenth for Pharaoh; 1 Sam. 8:15, 17, and Amos 7:1 imply a tax on the first fruit). Initially it was levied for the king and only later for the gods (gods), which is opposed in Genesis 28:22. Genesis 1 shows that God is the Creator of all the riches of the earth (vv. 11-12; 16-18; 20-21; 24-25; 29-31). As the owner of all the land of Canaan, God could give it to whomever He wished (Deut. 2:5; 10-12; 20-23; 31).   Di Timur Dekat Kuno, persepuluhan mencakup berbagai properti, hasil bumi atau bahkan mata uang, tetapi hal-hal khusus bervariasi dari satu budaya ke budaya lain. Di Israel yang berikut ini tunduk pada persepuluhan: gandum, anggur baru, minyak zaitun, buah, sapi dan domba (Ul. 14:23; Im 27:32, dll.), tetapi barang-barang lain mungkin juga diberi persepuluhan. Abram memberikan persepuluhan dari rampasan perang (Kej. 14:20) dan Yakub bersumpah untuk memberikan persepuluhan dari semua yang Allah berikan kepadanya (Kej. 28:22). berpendapat bahwa di seluruh Timur Dekat Kuno, semua jenis benda telah ditemukan sebagai subjek persepuluhan: wol, kain, kayu, senjata, emas, perak, keledai, dan lain-lain. Secara umum, orang Israel harus memberikan persepuluhan semua kekayaan tanah yang diberikan Yahweh kepada mereka (lih. Ul 8:18). Konsep persepuluhan bukanlah hal baru bagi Israel, karena praktiknya dapat diamati sebelum hukum diturunkan (Kej. 14:20; 28:20-22). Sejak zaman para bapa bangsa, bangsa Israel mulai mengikrarkan persepuluhan (mis. Kej 28:22). Bahwa persepuluhan disebutkan dalam Alkitab sebagai pajak sekuler (Kej. 47:24; sepersepuluh ganda untuk Firaun; 1 Sam. 8:15, 17, dan Amos 7:1 menyiratkan pajak atas buah pertama). Awalnya dipungut untuk raja dan hanya kemudian untuk dewa (dewa), yang ditentang dalam Kejadian 28:22. Kejadian 1 menunjukkan bahwa Allah adalah Pencipta seluruh kekayaan bumi (ay. 11-12; 16-18; 20-21; 24-25; 29-31). Sebagai pemilik seluruh tanah Kanaan, Tuhan dapat memberikannya kepada siapa saja yang dikehendaki-Nya (Ul. 2:5; 10-12; 20-23; 31).
Reflection of Deobandi Religious Education for Multicultural Education in Indonesia Tanasyah, Yusak; Betaubun, Jiefard Stanley
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (May 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v1i2.6

Abstract

Since the last USA troop is withdrawal from Afghanistan July 2021, there is new era of people Afghanistan. People of Afghanistan now under Taliban army as their start to take over all over the city in Afghanistan. At the turn of the twenty-first century, grant and arrangement talk about on Islam and Muslim social orders has come to center basically on Islam’s capacity to form youthful Muslim’s float towards anti-modernity developments. Numerous quality Islamic militancy, as well as the common socio-economic and political stagnation experienced in a few Muslim social orders, to Islamic religious or legitimate directs. However Islamic insightful convention is exceedingly pluralistic, and today’s driving Islamic specialist structures are creating competing conceptual and methodological approaches which shift incredibly in their capacity to lock in with societal alter. Established as a grassroots movement for religious education in the wake of the 1857 Sepoy Rebellion in India, the Deoband ‘ulama continue to flourish and to carry the mantle of “custodians of change” with increasingly activist vigor. What are the repercussions of this growth, and how does this contribute to an understanding of the complex interrelation of Sufism, pluralism, and democracy? Could we reflecting the Deobandi religious education to perform new era of Taliban in Afghanistan who tolerate economic development, multicultural, freedom religion, and women right in the context of multicultural education in Indonesia? This research analyzes concerns related to religious extremism in Afghanistan and prospect of possible actions for countering the threat. Education performed a critical role in the nation’s building as it fills the gap between information and knowledge. It takes shortfall of information among the different divisions of a nation state.   Contrbution: The article "Reflection of Deobandi Religious Education for Multicultural Education in Indonesia" examines the Deobandi movement's impact on religious education and its relevance to Indonesia's multicultural society. It explores how Deobandi principles, emphasizing religious conservatism and anti-Western sentiment, can be reframed to contribute positively to Indonesia's multicultural education system. The research advocates for integrating Deobandi religious teachings into a broader educational framework that promotes understanding and respect for religious diversity, aligning with Indonesia's diverse cultural and religious landscape.
Menghadapi Tantangan Mental di Era Industri 4.0: Peran Bimbingan Konseling dalam Penanganan Depresi Budiyanto, Henoch
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (May 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v1i2.7

Abstract

Entering the third millennium, technological advancements have significantly impacted human life, making activities easier and more comfortable, but also creating new social and mental challenges. The rise of automation, robotics, and artificial intelligence in various sectors has led to the displacement of human workers. Many industries now prefer machines over humans due to time efficiency and cost reduction, causing widespread unemployment. This has led to feelings of depression among individuals unable to adapt to the demands of Industry 4.0. Guidance counseling services play a crucial role in helping individuals overcome depression by providing emotional support and teaching coping strategies to adapt to this new era. Through counseling, individuals can rediscover their self-identity, build mental resilience, and learn how to face challenges with a positive outlook.   Contributions: This study contributes to understanding the mental health challenges arising from Industry 4.0, particularly focusing on depression due to job displacement and technological adaptation issues. It emphasizes the role of guidance counseling in mitigating these challenges, highlighting its potential to provide emotional support and coping strategies for individuals affected by the changes.   Memasuki milenium ketiga, kemajuan teknologi memiliki dampak besar terhadap kehidupan manusia, mempermudah aktivitas dan menciptakan kenyamanan, namun juga menimbulkan tantangan sosial dan mental baru. Meningkatnya otomatisasi, robotik, dan kecerdasan buatan di berbagai sektor menyebabkan penggantian pekerja manusia. Banyak industri kini lebih memilih mesin daripada manusia karena efisiensi waktu dan pengurangan biaya, yang menyebabkan pengangguran di mana-mana. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak individu mengalami depresi karena ketidakmampuan beradaptasi dengan tuntutan Industri 4.0. Pelayanan bimbingan konseling memainkan peran penting dalam membantu individu mengatasi depresi dengan memberikan dukungan emosional dan mengajarkan strategi coping untuk beradaptasi dengan era ini. Melalui konseling, individu dapat menemukan kembali jati diri mereka, membangun ketahanan mental, dan belajar menghadapi tantangan dengan pandangan positif.   Kontribusi: Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam memahami tantangan kesehatan mental yang timbul akibat Industri 4.0, terutama terkait dengan depresi akibat kehilangan pekerjaan dan kesulitan beradaptasi dengan teknologi. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti peran bimbingan konseling dalam mengatasi tantangan tersebut, serta potensinya dalam memberikan dukungan emosional dan strategi coping bagi individu yang terdampak.
Moral Dimensions of Artificial Intelligence: A Christian Ethical Perspective on its Impact on Education Sugiri, Widjaja
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (May 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v1i2.8

Abstract

This article examines the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education through the lens of Christian ethics. With the rapid advancement of AI technologies, there is a growing need to explore how these innovations align with Christian values such as justice, human dignity, and compassion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the moral dimensions of AI usage in educational settings and propose a framework for its ethical application. Using a qualitative research approach, the article conducts a literature review and case study analysis to understand how AI can be used responsibly in education. The findings suggest that AI has the potential to enhance personalized learning and accessibility but must be carefully designed and implemented to avoid biases, protect privacy, and support the holistic development of students in line with Christian teachings.   Contribution: The article contributes to the ongoing discourse on AI ethics by offering a Christian perspective on its use in education. It provides a framework for evaluating AI applications in educational contexts, ensuring they align with moral principles that prioritize human dignity and justice. The study emphasizes the need for responsible implementation of AI to ensure it benefits all students equitably and ethically.
Kehidupan Sosial Budaya Dan Sistem Kepercayaan Masyarakat Timur Tengah Kuno Pada Masa Abraham Dan Implikasi Bagi Kehidupan Kristen Repi, Robby Robert; Phang, Steven
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (May 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v1i2.9

Abstract

The ancient civilization of Mesopotamia, particularly in the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is considered the cradle of early human civilization. This region greatly influenced the social, cultural, and belief systems that shaped the lives of its inhabitants, including Abraham, a key figure in the Bible. This study aims to explore the social, cultural, and religious practices in ancient Mesopotamia and how they influenced the life and decisions of Abraham, focusing on his family formation, societal roles, and spiritual journey. The study also seeks to highlight the implications of these ancient practices for modern Christian life. This research is a literature review, examining various books and scholarly articles to analyze the historical context of Mesopotamia during Abraham's time. The findings are synthesized and discussed to draw conclusions on the ongoing impact of these cultural and religious practices on modern Christianity. The research reveals that Abraham’s life and choices were deeply influenced by the cultural traditions of Mesopotamia, such as patriarchal family structures and spiritual beliefs. These ancient practices have continued to impact modern Christian family dynamics and the understanding of faith, particularly in terms of family leadership and obedience to God.   Contribution: This article contributes by examining how Mesopotamian cultural and religious systems shaped Abraham’s life, offering insights into the historical roots of Christian family structures. It also highlights the ongoing relevance of these ancient practices in modern Christian teachings. Finally, it emphasizes the connection between Abraham’s journey and the development of Christian spiritual leadership.   Peradaban kuno Mesopotamia, khususnya di wilayah antara Sungai Tigris dan Efrat, dianggap sebagai tempat lahirnya peradaban manusia awal. Wilayah ini sangat memengaruhi sistem sosial, budaya, dan kepercayaan yang membentuk kehidupan penghuninya, termasuk Abraham, seorang tokoh kunci dalam Alkitab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi praktik sosial, budaya, dan agama di Mesopotamia kuno serta bagaimana hal tersebut memengaruhi kehidupan dan keputusan Abraham, dengan fokus pada pembentukan keluarganya, peran sosial, dan perjalanan spiritualnya. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menyoroti implikasi praktik-praktik kuno ini terhadap kehidupan Kristen modern. Penelitian ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka, yang menganalisis berbagai buku dan artikel ilmiah untuk mengkaji konteks sejarah Mesopotamia pada masa Abraham. Temuan-temuan tersebut disintesis dan dibahas untuk menarik kesimpulan mengenai dampak berkelanjutan dari praktik budaya dan agama ini terhadap Kekristenan modern. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kehidupan dan pilihan Abraham sangat dipengaruhi oleh tradisi budaya Mesopotamia, seperti struktur keluarga patriarkal dan kepercayaan spiritual. Praktik-praktik kuno ini terus memengaruhi dinamika keluarga Kristen modern dan pemahaman tentang iman, terutama dalam hal kepemimpinan keluarga dan ketaatan kepada Tuhan.   Kontribusi: Artikel ini memberikan kontribusi dengan mengkaji bagaimana sistem budaya dan agama Mesopotamia membentuk kehidupan Abraham, memberikan wawasan tentang akar sejarah struktur keluarga Kristen. Artikel ini juga menyoroti relevansi berkelanjutan dari praktik-praktik kuno ini dalam ajaran Kristen modern. Akhirnya, artikel ini menekankan hubungan antara perjalanan Abraham dan perkembangan kepemimpinan spiritual Kristen.
Teknologi dan Motivasi Belajar: Analisis Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Pello, Eleonora Patricia Selfina
MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): MODERATE: Journal of Religious, Education, and Social (May 2024)
Publisher : Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/moderate.v1i2.10

Abstract

This article explores the positive impact of information technology on student motivation in Christian Religious Education. The integration of digital platforms and innovative technologies has significantly enhanced the efficiency of the educational process, especially in the context of Christian Religious Education (CRE). The study reveals that the use of technology in learning, including interactive content and online learning tools, has sparked greater interest and enthusiasm among students to engage with and apply the Christian religious concepts taught. By utilizing qualitative descriptive research methods and focusing on library research, the study highlights the role of technology in enriching students' learning experiences, particularly in the current era of disruption. The findings emphasize that the effective use of technology positively influences student motivation, encouraging them to learn and explore Christian teachings with greater commitment.   Contributions: This article explores the positive impact of information technology on student motivation in Christian Religious Education. It demonstrates how digital platforms and innovative technologies enhance student engagement and understanding of Christian teachings. The research contributes to the discussion on integrating technology into religious education, making it more interactive and efficient.   Artikel ini membahas dampak positif teknologi informasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Integrasi platform digital dan teknologi inovatif secara signifikan meningkatkan efisiensi proses pendidikan, khususnya dalam konteks Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran, termasuk konten interaktif dan alat pembelajaran daring, telah meningkatkan minat dan antusiasme siswa untuk terlibat dan menerapkan konsep-konsep agama Kristen yang diajarkan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang berfokus pada studi pustaka, penelitian ini menyoroti peran teknologi dalam memperkaya pengalaman belajar siswa, terutama di era disrupsi saat ini. Temuan penelitian menekankan bahwa penggunaan teknologi yang efektif dapat mempengaruhi motivasi belajar siswa secara positif, mendorong mereka untuk lebih berkomitmen dalam mempelajari ajaran Kristen.   Kontribusi: Artikel ini mengkaji dampak positif teknologi informasi terhadap motivasi belajar dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Teknologi digital dan platform inovatif meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa serta pemahaman ajaran Kristen. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pembahasan integrasi teknologi dalam pendidikan agama, menjadikannya lebih interaktif dan efisien.

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