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Jurnal Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Published by Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 26547937     EISSN : 27150313     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i2
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The aim of Al-Ahkam Journal: Journal of Islamic Criminal Law is to promote and publish research-based articles having a depth discussion of the theories and practices of Islamic Law and Criminal Law related concerns by encouraging inquiries into relationship between theoretical and practical studies. This journal accepts manuscripts of scientific articles within the scope: Law, Islamic Law, Criminal Law.
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Articles 108 Documents
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DEVELOPMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION ACT IN INDONESIA Hartati M; Hamka Hamka
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Al-Ahkam Volume 7 Nomor 2 September Tahun 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v7i2.4162

Abstract

This article discusses the development of Administrative Law (HAN) and the implementation of Law Number 30 of 2014 on Government Administration within the context of governance practices in Indonesia. This study employs a library research method, with primary data sources consisting of legislation, court decisions, and official state documents, and secondary sources including textbooks, scholarly journals, and relevant academic publications. In addition, a juridical-empirical approach is applied to analyze regulations and evaluate the implementation of HAN along with the challenges encountered in practice. The findings indicate that HAN plays a central role in regulating governmental actions, establishing control mechanisms, and ensuring legal protection for citizens, with the ultimate goal of promoting good governance—emphasizing transparency, accountability, effectiveness, efficiency, rule of law, and public participation. Nevertheless, its implementation continues to face obstacles, such as limited bureaucratic capacity, rigid administrative culture, and low public legal awareness. The practical implications highlight the need to strengthen institutional capacity, improve the legal culture among public officials, simplify administrative procedures, disseminate HAN principles, and optimize digitalization of public services. Through these measures, the implementation of Law No. 30 of 2014 is expected to be more effective in supporting transparent, accountable, and responsive governance. Artikel ini membahas perkembangan Hukum Administrasi Negara (HAN) dan implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan dalam konteks praktik pemerintahan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian kepustakaan (library research) dengan sumber data primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, dan dokumen resmi negara, serta sumber sekunder berupa buku teks, jurnal ilmiah, dan publikasi akademik yang relevan. Selain itu, pendekatan yuridis-empiris digunakan untuk menganalisis regulasi dan mengevaluasi implementasi HAN beserta tantangan yang dihadapi di lapangan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa HAN memiliki peran sentral dalam mengatur tindakan pemerintah, mekanisme kontrol, serta perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat, dengan tujuan utama mendorong terciptanya good governance yang menekankan transparansi, akuntabilitas, efektivitas, efisiensi, supremasi hukum, dan partisipasi publik. Namun, penerapannya masih menghadapi kendala berupa kapasitas aparatur yang terbatas, budaya birokrasi yang kaku, serta rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, peningkatan budaya hukum aparatur, penyederhanaan prosedur administrasi, sosialisasi prinsip HAN, serta pemanfaatan digitalisasi pelayanan publik. Dengan langkah-langkah tersebut, implementasi UU No. 30 Tahun 2014 diharapkan dapat berjalan lebih efektif dan mendukung terwujudnya pemerintahan yang transparan, akuntabel, serta responsif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat.
ISLAMIC LEGAL THOUGHT AND THE DYNAMICS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY Fiqih Firmansyah; Maryam Mooduto; Hamzah Hasan
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Al-Ahkam Volume 7 Nomor 2 September Tahun 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v7i2.4176

Abstract

This study discusses Islamic legal thought (fiqh) in response to the dynamics of modern society, which is characterized by rapid social, cultural, political, and technological changes. Islamic legal thought, which originally drew from classical texts, continues to evolve through ijtihad, maqashid syariah, and the adaptation of Islamic norms. Social dynamics in the modern era necessitate the reform of Islamic law so that it remains relevant in addressing various contemporary issues, such as human rights, gender justice, environmental protection, Islamic economics, and state governance. This study reveals two main trends in Islamic legal thought today: first, a conservative group that seeks to preserve the literal authority of the texts; second, a progressive group that encourages the reinterpretation of Islamic law through a rational and contextual approach. Although there is tension between the two, the interaction between these approaches enriches Islamic scholarship and encourages the emergence of adaptive, moderate, and solution-oriented legal thinking. Therefore, the revitalization of Islamic law is not an attempt to change Sharia, but rather a form of ijtihad in translating Islamic values into the context of an ever-changing society. Penelitian ini membahas pemikiran hukum Islam (fiqh) dalam menanggapi dinamika masyarakat modern yang ditandai oleh perubahan sosial, budaya, politik, dan teknologi yang sangat cepat. Pemikiran hukum Islam yang awalnya bersumber dari teks-teks klasik terus berubah melalui pendekatan ijtihad, maqashid syariah, dan penyesuaian norma-norma Islam. Dinamika sosial di era modern mengharuskan adanya reformasi hukum Islam supaya tetap relevan dalam menjawab beragam isu kontemporer, seperti hak asasi manusia, keadilan gender, perlindungan lingkungan, ekonomi syariah, dan pemerintahan negara. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan adanya dua kecenderungan utama dalam pemikiran hukum Islam saat ini: yang pertama, kelompok konservatif yang berusaha menjaga otoritas teks secara harfiah; yang kedua, kelompok progresif yang mendorong reinterpretasi hukum Islam dengan pendekatan rasional dan kontekstual. Walaupun ada ketegangan di antara keduanya, interaksi antara pendekatan tersebut memperkaya wawasan keilmuan Islam dan mendorong lahirnya pemikiran hukum yang adaptif, moderat, dan solutif. Karena itu, revitalisasi hukum Islam bukanlah usaha untuk mengubah syariah, melainkan bentuk ijtihad dalam menerjemahkan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam konteks masyarakat yang senantiasa berubah.
ANALYSIS OF ANTI-MONOPOLY LAWS AND UNFAIR BUSINESS COMPETITION IN INDONESIA BASED ON LEGISLATION Mustamin; Muhammad Azhar Nur
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Al-Ahkam Volume 7 Nomor 2 September Tahun 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v7i2.4177

Abstract

This research is normative juridical research to find out by analyzing anti-monopoly law and unfair business competition in Indonesia based on statutory regulations. Applicable. The method used in this research is the research typology used in this research, which is descriptive analytical research, data collection techniques using the library study method. This library study is used to obtain secondary data by searching from primary legal material sources such as statutory regulations, jurisprudence, and from secondary legal material sources such as theoretical or doctrinal conceptions, opinions or conceptual thoughts and previous research related to the object of this research, as well as from tertiary legal material sources such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, article indexes, and others. The approach taken in this research is a qualitative approach which describes and analyzes the data in depth using inductive reasoning. The results of the research obtained are that the government has regulated unhealthy business competition and has determined prohibited activities and prohibited agreements that can harm small, medium and large entrepreneurs, as well as establishing an Unfair Business Competition Supervisory Commission through Law. -Law No.5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopoly Practices and Unfair Business Competition. Procedures for handling cases related to unfair business competition violations have also been regulated through the KPPU as regulated in the Business Competition Supervisory Commission Regulation (No. 1 of 2010). So that entrepreneurs have guidelines for carrying out business activities. and have an institution to file objections if they find competing entrepreneurs violating applicable laws and regulations. Penelitian ini adalah penelitianYuridis normatif untuk mengetahui dengan menganalisis hukum anti monopoli dan persaingan usaha tidak sehat di Indonesia bedasarkan peraturan perungan-undangan yang berlaku. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah mengunakan Tipologi penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode studi Librery. Studi Librery tersebut digunakan untuk mendapatkan data sekunder dengan penelusuran dari sumber bahan hukum primer seperti peraturan perundang- undangan, yurisprudensi, dan dari sumber bahan hukum sekunder seperti konsepsi teori atau doktrin, pendapat atau pemikiran konseptual dan penelitian terdahulu yang berhubungan dengan objek penelitian ini, serta dari sumber bahan hukum tersier seperti ensiklopedia, kamus, indeks artikel, dan lainnya. Pendekatan yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang menguraikan dan menganalisis data secara mendalam dengan menggunakan penalaran induktif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah pemerintah telah mengatur mengenai persaingan usaha tidak sehat dan telah menentukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilarang dan perjanjian yang dilarang yang dapat merugikan para pengusaha kecil, menengah dan pengusaha besar, begitu pula telah di bentuk Komisi Pengawas Persaingan usaha tidak sehat melalui Undang-Undang No.5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat. Juga telah diatur tata cara penanganan perkara yang berkaitan dengan pelanggaran persaingan usaha tidak sehat melalui KPPU sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (No. 1 Tahun 2010). Sehingga pengusaha mempunyai pedoman melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan usaha. serta menpunyai lembaga untuk mengajukan keberatan bila menemukan pengusaha saingannya yang melanggar peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
RECONFIGURATION OF INDONESIAN MINING LAWS: REVIEW OF LAW NUMBER 2 OF 2025 AND GOOD GOVERNANCE Muhammad Hasgar; Huzaiman; Wahyudi Umar
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Al-Ahkam Volume 7 Nomor 2 September Tahun 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v7i2.4183

Abstract

This study aims to examine Law No. 2 of 2025, which is the fourth revision of Law No. 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The main focus of this law is to improve the management of the mining sector in Indonesia. Although there are efforts to strengthen community participation and increase transparency, there are still significant challenges, such as concentration of power, low community involvement, and negative impacts on the environment. In this study, we use a normative juridical approach and comparative analysis with international practices to assess how this law is implemented. The results of the study show that although there are good intentions to empower the local economy, it is very important to have more transparent and accountable regulations so that the goals of sustainability and social justice can be achieved. Thus, this study is expected to provide constructive recommendations for improving mining management in the future. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2025, yang merupakan revisi keempat dari Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2009 mengenai Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara. Fokus utama dari undang-undang ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengelolaan sektor pertambangan di Indonesia. Meskipun ada upaya untuk memperkuat partisipasi masyarakat dan meningkatkan transparansi, masih terdapat tantangan yang signifikan, seperti konsentrasi kekuasaan, rendahnya keterlibatan masyarakat, serta dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini, kami menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan analisis komparatif dengan praktik internasional untuk menilai bagaimana undang-undang ini diimplementasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa walaupun ada niat baik untuk memberdayakan ekonomi lokal, sangat penting untuk memiliki regulasi yang lebih transparan dan akuntabel agar tujuan keberlanjutan dan keadilan sosial dapat tercapai. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi yang konstruktif untuk perbaikan pengelolaan pertambangan di masa mendatang.
THE CRIME OF SLANDER (QADZAF) FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW Egi; Fauziah Lubis
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i1.4386

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas bagaimana pembuktian pelaku pidana fitnah (qadzaf) sebagai bentuk merusak kehormatan dan nama baik perspektif hukum pidana Islam. Fokus kajian diarahkan pada standar pembuktian, bentuk sanksi, dan tantangan implementasi di era digital, ketika tuduhan zina kerap disebarkan melalui media sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan(statute upproach), mengacu pada sumber hukum primer dan sumber hukum sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hukum pidana Islam, Qadzaf, sebagai tindak pidana tuduhan zina atau fitnah tanpa bukti yang sah menurut pidana hukum islam, dalam kategori tindak pidana merusak kehormatan dan nama baik. Qadzaf termasuk jarimah hudud dengan sanksi pokok 80 kali cambukan dan penolakan kesaksian pelaku selamanya, dengan syarat pembuktian yang sangat ketat, yakni 4 saksi yang adil atau pengakuan pelaku. Sementara itu, hukum positif Indonesia, melalui KUHP Pasal 310–311 dan UU ITE Pasal 27 ayat (3), menggunakan standar pembuktian yang lebih fleksibel, menerima bukti elektronik dan keterangan saksi tanpa syarat hudud. Realitas di Aceh memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar kasus qadzaf dijatuhi sanksi ta’zir karena tidak terpenuhinya syarat hudud, dengan bukti yang sering kali berupa rekaman atau tangkapan layar. Reformulasi pembuktian qadzaf dengan memasukkan bukti digital sebagai qarinah untuk ta’zir dipandang perlu, guna melindungi kehormatan korban dan tetap menjaga prinsip-prinsip syariat Islam dalam konteks masyarakat modern.
TRANSFORMING RESTORATIVE JUSTICE THROUGH CUSTOMARY LEGAL TRADITIONS IN INDONESIA’S CRIMINAL LAW REFORM Izu Cynthia Chukwufumnanya; Safrin Salam; Elfrida Ratnawati; Asmah; Ibrahim Kayode Muhammed; Callistus Odeh
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i1.4400

Abstract

Restorative justice has become an important paradigm in contemporary criminal justice reform, particularly in societies with strong customary legal traditions. This study examines how restorative justice can be strengthened through Indonesian customary law within the context of recent criminal law reform. The research aims to analyze the relationship between restorative justice principles and customary dispute resolution and to propose an institutional framework that integrates these mechanisms within the formal criminal justice system. This study applies a qualitative socio-legal approach combining normative legal analysis, restorative justice theory, and comparative legal perspectives. Legal pluralism is used as the analytical framework to examine interactions between customary institutions and state criminal justice mechanisms. Data are drawn from statutory regulations, academic literature, and documented practices of customary dispute resolution in Indonesia. The findings show that many Indonesian customary legal traditions already embody restorative justice principles, including mediation, reconciliation, restitution, and community participation. These practices emphasize restoring social harmony rather than imposing punitive sanctions. However, significant institutional gaps remain between customary dispute resolution and formal criminal justice procedures. The study identifies the need for legal recognition of customary settlements, coordination between community leaders and legal authorities, and procedural safeguards to ensure fairness and compliance with constitutional and human rights standards. The study concludes that integrating customary restorative mechanisms within Indonesia’s criminal justice reform can enhance legal legitimacy, cultural relevance, and the effectiveness of restorative justice policies.
THE URGENCY OF REFORMING ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW THROUGH IJTIHAD IN RESPONSE TO CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL CHALLENGES IN INDONESIA St. Hadijah Wahid; Sapriadi Sapriadi; Akmal; Hamzah Arhan; Suci Ramadani
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i1.4419

Abstract

Pembaruan hukum pidana Islam merupakan kebutuhan mendesak dalam merespons dinamika sosial modern, khususnya dalam konteks Indonesia yang memiliki sistem hukum pluralistik. Rekonstruksi hukum pidana Islam melalui pendekatan maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah membuka ruang reinterpretasi terhadap ketentuan ḥudūd, qiṣāṣ, dan ta‘zīr agar lebih selaras dengan prinsip keadilan substantif. Para pemikir kontemporer, seperti Fazlur Rahman, Hallaq, dan al-Jabiri, menekankan pentingnya pembacaan historis-sosiologis yang rasional untuk memastikan relevansi syariat dalam menghadapi perubahan sosial. Pendekatan ta‘zīr yang fleksibel, prinsip pemaafan dalam qiṣāṣ, serta integrasi nilai-nilai restoratif dan rehabilitatif menunjukkan bahwa hukum pidana Islam memiliki kapasitas adaptif terhadap tantangan modern seperti kejahatan siber, bioetika medis, dan disrupsi teknologi. Dalam konteks Indonesia, pembaruan hukum Islam diperkaya oleh tradisi pemikiran modernis, terutama melalui peran Muhammadiyah dan gerakan pembaruan lainnya. Ijtihad memainkan fungsi sentral sebagai instrumen metodologis dalam menetapkan hukum terhadap masalah-masalah baru melalui qiyās, istihsān, mashlahah mursalah, dan pendekatan maqāṣid. Efektivitas ijtihad bergantung pada kompetensi keilmuan mujtahid, integritas moral, serta pemahaman mendalam terhadap realitas sosial. Dengan demikian, pembaruan hukum pidana Islam berbasis maqāṣid dan rasionalitas bukan hanya mendukung relevansi hukum Islam dalam konteks kontemporer, tetapi juga berperan strategis dalam menghadirkan sistem hukum yang adil, humanis, dan kontekstual sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat modern.
THE INTEGRATION OF VALUES OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN THE MAPPOGAU SIHANUA TRADITION IN SINJAI REGENCY A SOCIO-CULTURAL AND ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE ANALYSIS Hamka Hamka; Indra Satriani; Abd Raziq; Ardi Ardi; Kahar Kahar; Aulia Rahmawati Kahar
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i1.4443

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to analyze the integration of values of religious moderation within the Mappogau Sihanua tradition in Sinjai Regency through a sociocultural and Islamic jurisprudence approach, as well as to examine its contribution to strengthening a tolerant and peaceful religious life. This study is a field study employing a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation, involving traditional leaders, religious figures, and local residents as informants. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions using triangulation as a validation technique. The research results indicate that the integration of religious moderation values within the Mappogau Sihanua tradition is reflected in the values of tolerance, deliberation, solidarity, and respect for local culture, which are manifested in the community’s social practices. From an Islamic jurisprudence perspective, this tradition is acceptable under the principle of al-‘ādah muḥakkamah and the wasathiyah approach, provided it does not contradict the principle of tawhid, with a reinterpretation of practices deemed controversial. This tradition also contributes significantly to strengthening social harmony, preventing socio-religious conflicts, and serving as a medium for the contextual and practical internalization of the values of religious moderation. Thus, the Mappogau Sihanua tradition functions as a model of integration between religion and culture in building an inclusive, tolerant, and just society. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis integrasi nilai-nilai moderasi beragama dalam tradisi Mappogau Sihanua di Kabupaten Sinjai melalui pendekatan sosiokultural dan fikih Islam, serta mengkaji kontribusinya terhadap penguatan kehidupan beragama yang toleran dan damai. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara semi terstruktur, dan dokumentasi, dengan melibatkan tokoh adat, tokoh agama, dan masyarakat setempat sebagai informan. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan teknik triangulasi sebagai validasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi nilai moderasi beragama dalam tradisi Mappogau Sihanua tercermin dalam nilai toleransi, musyawarah, kebersamaan, dan penghargaan terhadap budaya lokal yang terwujud dalam praktik sosial masyarakat. Dari perspektif fikih Islam, tradisi ini dapat diterima melalui kaidah al-‘ādah muḥakkamah dan pendekatan wasathiyah, selama tidak bertentangan dengan prinsip tauhid, dengan reinterpretasi terhadap praktik yang dianggap kontroversial. Tradisi ini juga berkontribusi signifikan dalam memperkuat harmoni sosial, mencegah konflik sosial-keagamaan, serta menjadi media internalisasi nilai moderasi beragama secara kontekstual dan aplikatif. Dengan demikian, tradisi Mappogau Sihanua berfungsi sebagai model integrasi antara agama dan budaya dalam membangun masyarakat yang inklusif, toleran, dan berkeadaban.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR ASSAULT VICTIMS AT MALIGANO POLICE SECTOR Wa Ode Intan Kurniawati intan; St. Fatmawati; Kamran; Saharuddin; Imron Rizki Azis
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i2.4725

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the form of legal protection for victims of criminal acts of persecution at the Maligano Police Station and identify the obstacles faced in its implementation. This research uses an empirical legal research method with a socio-juridical approach, namely examining the implementation of legal norms in law enforcement practices in society. The research was conducted at the Maligano Police Station, Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, for three months. Primary data was obtained through interviews, while secondary data was obtained from laws and regulations, official documents, legal literature, scientific journals, and data on persecution cases from 2023 to 2025. The results of the study show that legal protection for victims is carried out through the receipt of reports, examination of victims and witnesses, requests for visum et repertum, provision of information on case developments, the application of Restorative Justice in certain cases, as well as the formal investigation process until the transfer of the case to the public prosecutor. However, its implementation still faces obstacles in the form of limited investigators, facilities, budgets, low community legal literacy, a culture of family settlement, visum constraints, and suboptimal coordination between agencies.
REVIEW OF ISLAMIC CRIMINAL LAW ON CORPORATE LIABILITY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: A CASE STUDY OF PT BINTANG WARNA MANDIRI Afif Ilyas Zaqhlul; Deden Najmudin; Yusup Azazy
Jurnal Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Al-Ahkam : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Ahmad Dahlan (UIAD)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47435/al-ahkam.v8i2.4728

Abstract

Environmental pollution caused by industrial activities may give rise to administrative, civil, and criminal liability under different legal frameworks. This study aims to analyze the legal liability of PT Bintang Warna Mandri (PT BWM) based on Supreme Court Decision No. 4860 K/Pdt/2022, examine the relevance of the legal facts of the case to the elements of Article 98 paragraph (1) of Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, and analyze the matter from the perspective of Islamic Criminal Law. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials, consisting of legislation and court decisions, were analyzed through qualitative juridical analysis. The findings show that Decision No. 4860 K/Pdt/2022 concerns a civil environmental case applying strict liability and compensation and therefore cannot be equated with a criminal judgment under Article 98 paragraph (1). The elements of Article 98 must be independently established through the legal subject, intent, conduct, prescribed consequences, and causal relationship. From the perspective of Islamic Criminal Law, pollution may be analyzed as fasād fī al-arḍ and as conduct causing ḍarar, while environmental protection may be understood as a contemporary development of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Remedial and compensatory liability must be distinguished from ‘uqūbah ta‘zīr; therefore, the model of corporate liability may be directed toward environmental restoration, prevention of recurrence, and proportionate sanctions based on the degree of harm.

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