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INDONESIA
IDJP (Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics)
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25978748     DOI : -
Core Subject :
The Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics (IdJP) is an established international journal for pharmaceutical scientists concerned in all fields of pharmaceutical sciences, including pharmaceutical preformulation, formulation, manufacturing technologies, drug delivery systems, biopharmaceutics, and pharmacokinetics for drugs, vaccines and biologicals. IdJP also includes pharmaceutical engineering and industrial pharmacy topics.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 97 Documents
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Formulation and Evaluation of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) Lotion Preparations with Asiaticoside as an Antioxidant Mardhiani, Yanni Dhiani; Selifiana, Nita; Arna Ningsih1, Endah; Rusdiana, Taofik
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 2, May - August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.51883

Abstract

Currently, the use of PRP requires a person to visit a skin care clinic by doing a series of treatments directly. Therefore, in order to facilitate the use of PRP, asiaticoside lotion base products containing antioxidants can be used as a PRP product base. asiaticoside antioxidants serve to stabilize PRP when added to the base. This research uses Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Asiaticosida as active substances, Fancor® Uni-Embase as emollient and emulgator, DMDM hydantoin as preservative, and distilled water as carrier. The stages in this research include preparation of tools and materials, lotion base optimization, lotion preparation formulation, addition of active substances, lotion preparation evaluation, physical stability test, and antioxidant activity test. The results of the PRP lotion stability test with asiaticoside for 10 days showed significant results (p<0.05) which means that for 10 days there is a tendency to be unstable. Antioxidant activity test results obtained IC50 results on Asiaticosida of 57.63 µg/mL, on PRP of 196.1 µg/mL, on the base with the addition of Asiaticosida of 77.19 µg/mL, on F0 of 166.90 µg/mL, on F1 of 96.727 µg/mL, on F2 of 88.395 µg/mL, and on F3 of 82.017 µg/mL.Keywords: Lotion, PRP, asiaticoside, Antioxidant
Formulation and Characterization of Tretinoin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Using Apifil and Cremophore Jafar, Garnadi; Putriyanti, Al-fira; Muhsinin, Soni
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i3.54349

Abstract

The most widely used vitamin A derivative for mild to severe acne is tretinoin. However, it is lipophilic (LogP 6.3). Tretinoin must be transformed into liquid lipids and NLC (nanostructured lipid carriers) based on Apifil® and stabilized by surfactants to address permeability and stability concerns. Heat homogenization and sonication with a sonicator probe were used to formulate tretinoin into NLC. Apifil®, Myritol®, and Chremophore® RH 40 were the materials utilized. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, adsorption effectiveness, and morphological measurements were then used to describe NLC. The characterization results showed that NLC tretinoin has a particle size of <200 nm for 2 measurements over 30 days, a polydispersity index value of 0.5, a zeta potential range of -7 mV to -19.3 mV, and an efficiency entrapment value of >80% for all formulas. Spherical shape emerged from the morphology data. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that tretinoin's nanostructured lipid carriers provide favorable characterization outcomes. Keywords: Diabetes, Metformin HCl, Extended release, Direct compressed,                     Hypromellose, Carboxymethylcellulose natrium.
The Sunscreen activities of ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and water fractions from papaya (Carica papaya l.) leaf extract Wardatun, Sri; Mahyuni, Siti; Setiawan, Putra
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 2, May - August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.46557

Abstract

The application of sunscreen products containing natural compounds is one ofalternative popular ways to protect the skin from the harmful effects of sunexposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sunscreen activity of papayaleaf extract. The ethanol extract of papaya leaf was fractionated to obtain ethanol,n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water extracts. The value of SPF 15, percenttransmission of erythema (1% Te ), and the percent transmission of pigmentation40 (% Tp) of each extract were calculated in vitro by using spectrophotometricmethod. among the extract examined, the ethyl acetate extract was found to be themost effective to reach Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 15 (ultra-protection category)and 1% Te (sunblock category) at a minimum concentration of 90.08 ppm and63.49 ppm. Meanwhile n-hexane extract was the most effective to reach 40% tp(sunblock category) at a minimum concentration of 30.68 ppm. The minimumconcentration of papaya leaf extracts required to reach SPF 15, 1% Te and 40% Tpwere far below the concentration of sunscreen compounds allowed in commercialcosmetic products. It can be concluded that papaya leaf extract have significantsunscreen property for use as cosmetic ingredient.Keywords: Carica papaya, SPF, Transmission of erythema, Transmission ofpigmentation
Formulation and Evaluation Of Poly Herbal Anti-Diabetic Capsule Dosage Form Aggrey, Ernest; Ofori-Kwakye, Ph.D.,, Kwabena; Johnson, Ph.D.,, Raphael; El Boakye-Gyasi, Ph.D.,, Mariam; Asantewaa Osei, Ph.D., Yaa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.54973

Abstract

Traditional herbal liquid remedies may be converted into solid dosage forms for enhanced product stability, patient convenience and compliance. Hidden Treasure mixture (HTM) is an herbal decoction produced and used by Hidden Treasure Herbal Clinic(HTHC) in Ghana for the management of diabetes. The objective of the study was to transform the HTM herbal decoction into oral capsules. The amount of dried extract per dose (120 ml) of HTM decoction was determined together with the maximum wavelength of absorption. Different adsorbents were incorporated in the HTM extract at 75, 150, 225 and 300 mg per dose of HTM to facilitate adsorption of water and enhance the processing of the dried extracts. The adsorbent-HTM extract mix were dried in hot air oven at 60 ºC for 72 hours and subsequently processed into granules by dry granulation. The granules were evaluated for their ease of scrapping and processing, percentage loss in weight, flow properties and dissolution in aqueous medium. The weight of dried extract per dose was 350 mg. Light magnesium carbonate produced granules with the best ease of scrapping and processing and showed optimum release of 80.29% at 75 mg per dose. A maximum weight of 560 mg of HTM granules were used to fill size O capsule shells. Using LMC as adsorbent, the adsorbent-HTM granules were processed into capsules with talc and lactose as glidant and diluent respectively. The HTM capsules produced passed the stipulated British Pharmacopoeia quality control tests for hard capsules and can be used as replacement for the HTM decoction.Keywords: Decoction, Adsorbent extract-mix, Dry granulation, percent release,Granules.
Study of Formulation, Characteristics, and Evaluation of Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) for Atorvastatin Calcium Silvia, Nurfianti; Rusdiana, Taofik; Gozali, Dolih; Husni, Patihul
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 2, May - August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.50996

Abstract

A Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) is a formulation approach used in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Atorvastatin calcium has limited water solubility, which can affect its bioavailability when administered orally. Its solubility can be enhanced by various formulation techniques, such as the use of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS). The purpose of this study is to determine the formulation and characterization of SNEDDS and determine how it affects the bioavailability of atorvastatin calcium. The data were collected from published journals. The carrier components required in the formulation of atorvastatin calcium with SNEDDS formulation include oils (oleic acid, peceol, capyrol 90, and capmul CMC), surfactants (tween 80, tween 20, labrasol, cremophor RH 40) and co-surfactants (brij 30, propylene glycol, transcutol-P, PEG 400, transcutol HP). Characterization of atorvastatin calcium with SNEDDS formulation showed droplet size 21.6-162.2 nm; zeta potential -1.32 - 24.6±6.47 mV; and polydensity index 0.164 - 0.297. SNEDDS formulation increased the percentage of drug release and increased the bioavailability of atorvastatin calcium. Keywords: self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system, SNEDDS, atorvastatin                      calcium, formulation, characteristics, dissolution, bioavailability
Transfersomes for Optimal Penetration of α-Mangostin (Garcinia mangostana L.) in Cosmetic Products using Vortexing-Sonication Putri, Yola Desnera; Tristiyanti, Deby; P Legowo, Wahyu; K Sari, Nia; Sriwidodo, Sriwidodo
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 2, May - August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.51593

Abstract

Produk kosmetik berbasis transfersom semakin menarik perhatian karena teknologi nano vesikel ini dapat meningkatkan penetrasi bahan aktif seperti isolat manggis dari Garcinia mangostana L. ke dalam kulit. Teknologi ini menawarkan pengembangan produk kosmetik inovatif yang menjanjikan. Transfersom terdiri dari fosfolipid (yaitu fosfatidilkolin dari lesitin kedelai) dan surfaktan yang masing-masing membentuk vesikel dan meningkatkan fleksibilitas transferom sebagai aktivator tepi. Kami mengembangkan formula dengan isolat manggis dalam transfersom dan mengukur ukuran partikel dan persen penjebakan bahan aktif. Rasio yang digunakan adalah F1 (60:40), F2 (50:50), dan F3 (95:5). Setelah dioptimasi, formula dievaluasi untuk efisiensi penyerapan dan stabilitas fisik selama penyimpanan. Penelitian ini membuat transfersom dari isolat mangostin dengan metode vortexing-sonikasi dan homogenizer. Ukuran partikel diukur dengan alat analisis ukuran partikel dan efisiensi penyerapan dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula transfersom terbaik adalah F2 (50:50), dengan ukuran partikel 433,2 nm, PDI 0,399, zeta potensial -2,43 mV, dan efisiensi penjerapan 99,08%. Transfersom ini berpotensi sebagai sistem penghantaran isolat mangostin yang efisien ke dalam kulit dan dapat disimpan dengan lebih baik pada suhu dingin. Key words: Transferom, vortexing-sonikasi, isolat manggis
Determination of Standard Parameters and Phytochemical Screening of Ethanol Extract of Burdock Root (Arctium lappa L.) Aliifah, Maitsa Wafaa; Nurdianti, Lusi; Wildan Muhtar, Mohammad; Arif Maulana Yusuf, Fitra; Octavia, Tasya; Nur Fadilah, Yayang
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 3, Sept - Dec 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i3.52738

Abstract

Gobo root (Arctium lappa L.) is one plant that is empirically used to lower blood sugar levels. The phytochemical content and standard parameters of Gobo root ethanol extract were investigated in this study. The maceration method was used to extract the samples using 70% ethanol solvent. The thick extract was obtained by evaporation. The percentage yield of gobo root extract (Arctium lappa L.) obtained was 46.24%. The results of organoleptic (macroscopic) examination produce blackish-brown extracts, thick, slightly sour taste, and a distinctive smell. Furthermore, phytochemical screening tests were carried out and determination of extract standard parameters which included water-soluble pollen, ethanol-soluble juice, drying shrinkage, water content, and total ash content. Obtained chemical compounds from gobo root extract, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, and triterpenoids. The results of determining the standard parameters of gobo root extract showed the value of water soluble juice content of 84.55% and ethanol soluble juice content of 27.8%.The drying shrinkage value is 25.52%, the moisture content is 5%, and the total ash content is 0.41%.Keywords: Arctium lappa L., Extract standardization, Phytochemical screening,                    Maseration extraction
Pharmacokinetic Profile of Astaxanthin Nanoemulsion Using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) With Oral Routes Nurdianti, Lusi; Setiawan, Fajar; Rusdiana, Taofik; Sofyan, Iyan; Lisnawati, Elis; Firmansya, Ardianes
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 5, Issue 2, May - August 2023
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v5i2.52645

Abstract

Astaxanthin is a very strong antioxidant of the xanthophyll carotenoid group with very lipophilic properties, so in oral administration, its bioavailability is very low. This study aimed to examine the differences in the pharmacokinetic profile of astaxanthin and astaxanthin nanoemulsion via the oral route using the HPLC method. Research methods include validation methods using HPLC and continued determining pharmacokinetic profiles to determine whether astaxanthin in plasma is validated. The plasma was deproteinized with ethanol: tetrahydrofuran (1: 9), mobile phase Methanol: water milliQ: ethyl acetate (82:8:10 (v/v)), the flow rate is 1.2 mL/min, wavelength 474 nm and the sample measured isocratic. Calibration curves 0.25-10 mg/L,% Recovery 102.92, 103.11 and 102.25,% RSD 1.33, 1.65 and 2. The HPLC method is fast, simple, and can be used for routine analysis of astaxanthin. The results showed that in the astaxanthin nanoemulsion, there was an increasing in Cmax and AUC0-∞ which affected increasing the bioavailability value. Therefore, it was concluded that the study showed the presence of astaxanthin in nanoemulsions has greater absorption power than pure astaxanthin. Keywords: Pharmacokinetic profile, Astaxanthin, Validation of the HPLC method, Oral route
Formulation of Black Garlic Tea with The Addition of Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L), and Packaging Design Putriana, Norisca Aliza; Mardawati, Efri; Rizki Sendi, Cahyani; Maulida Rahmah, Devi; Pujianto, Totok; Marta, Herlina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 6, Issue 1, Jan - April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v6i1.52667

Abstract

Indonesia is globally recognized for its abundant biodiversity and is considered one of the most biodiverse countries in the world. Over centuries, local communities have explored the benefits of natural ingredients such as garlic to be used as herbal medicine. Although garlic has numerous health benefits, raw consumption is still uncommon due to its strong aroma and taste. To address this issue, black garlic, a derived product from garlic, has been developed to minimize its strong characteristics. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate formulation of black garlic tea with the addition of ginger and rosella flowers in terms of bioactive components, including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and organoleptic characteristics of taste and aroma. The method used involved the extraction of 12 samples. The results indicated that the highest phenolic content was 16.708 ± 0.0356 mg GAE/g with formulation of black garlic, rosella, and ginger at a ratio of 1 g: 3 g: 2 g. The highest flavonoid content was observed in formulation of black garlic, rosella, and ginger at a ratio of 2 g: 3 g: 2 g, which amounted to 13.560 ± 0.536 mg QE/g. Furthermore, formulation with black garlic, rosella, and ginger at a ratio of 2 g: 3 g: 2 g exhibited the highest antioxidant activity of 63.21%. These results showed that formulation of black garlic tea with the addition of ginger and rosella flowers could enhance the levels of bioactive components, including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity.
Solid Dispersion Powder of Sargassum cristaefolium extract by solvent evaporation technique Amalia, Eri; Khairunnisa, Nada; Aghnia Khairinisa, Miski; Gozali, Dolih
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 6, Issue 2, May - August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v6i2.60911

Abstract

Sargassum cristaefolium is one of 782 types of seaweed/macroalgae that grows in Indonesia and is known as one of the macroalgae with bioactive compounds having an important role in the development of nutraceuticals for disease prevention and health maintenance. Sargassum cristaefolium extract (SCE) is known for its various beneficial activities such as antimigraine by reducing levels of CGRP and inhibitor of tyrosinase activity in anti-melanogenetics. Nevertheless, due to its hygroscopic viscous extract consistency and fishy odor, a suitable formulation is required to prepare a powder form of SCE and thus could be applied in a suitable dosage form. Our current study aims to develop the extract into suitable powder raw material by applying a solid dispersion technique.  The solid dispersion of SCE was initially prepared by selecting suitable carrier agents such as Aerosil, Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 101, maltodextrin, and PVP K30 with the extract in a ratio of 1:1, and continued by the combination of the carrier agents. The best powder formula was characterized by its powder characteristic, solubility and powder flow was assessed by its angle of repose, Carr’s index and Hausner ratio.  The experiment results that the optimum formulation for solid dispersion of SCE was obtained by the combination of SCE:PVP: MCC at a ratio of 1:1:3 with a less fishy smell, and excellent powder properties. The composite mixture was estimated due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl group of PVP and the hydroxyl group of SCE’s compound and MCC. In conclusion, solid dispersion of SCE by employing a combination of PVP and MCC can be an alternative to prepared SCE powder with optimum humidity protection and good flowability thus suitable to proceed as solid dosage form.  Keywords: Sargassum cristaefolium, solid dispersion, PVP K30, Microcrystalline                      cellulose PH101 

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