Articles
<![CDATA[Legal Protection of Third Parties in Problematic Notarial Deeds Based on Law No. 2 of 2014 and the Civil Code ]]>
<![CDATA[Salam, Ahmad Muhammad]]>;
<![CDATA[Rokhyati, Sri]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45309
<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the form of legal protection for third parties in problematic notarial deeds and to examine the extent of the notary's responsibility if the deed causes losses to parties other than the parties who appear directly. This problem is important to study considering that notarial deeds have perfect evidentiary power and can have broad legal consequences, including for third parties who are not directly involved in making them. The method used in this study is the normative legal method with a statutory approach and a case approach. Data were obtained through a literature study covering primary and secondary legal materials, and were analyzed qualitatively to interpret applicable legal provisions and their application practices in dispute resolution. The results of the study indicate that legal protection for third parties has not been explicitly regulated in Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notary or in the Civil Code. However, protection can be provided through the application of general principles in civil law such as good faith, the principle of prudence, and the principle of responsibility for unlawful acts. Notary liability can be requested if there is proven negligence in carrying out his/her duties that causes losses to third parties. This liability can be in the form of civil, administrative, or even criminal liability, depending on the form of violation committed. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of strengthening regulations regarding notary liability and protection of third parties more firmly in laws and regulations. In addition, progressive legal interpretation is also needed from the judicial institution to ensure justice and legal certainty for all parties affected by the existence of notarial deeds.]]>
<![CDATA[The Authority of Notaries & Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) from The Perspective of The Code of Ethics: Overlaps & Their Legal Implications ]]>
<![CDATA[Suprianto, Mutiara Anggia Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Damayanti, Nandaini Intan]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45302
<![CDATA[This study discusses the authority of notaries and Land Deed Officials (PPAT) from the perspective of the professional code of ethics, focusing on the phenomenon of overlapping authority and its legal implications. Although the authority of these two positions has been strictly regulated in laws and regulations, in practice there are still frequent deviations, especially by officials who hold two positions at once. This study uses a normative legal approach with a literature study method on laws and regulations, codes of ethics, and related legal documents. The results of the study indicate that the form of overlapping authority occurs when a notary uses his capacity to exercise the authority of a PPAT or vice versa, which results in administrative errors and can harm the parties in legal transactions. The legal implications include the potential for formal defects in the deed, violations of the professional code of ethics, administrative to criminal sanctions, and civil lawsuits by the injured party. Therefore, a deep understanding and discipline are needed in carrying out the functions of each position in accordance with legal provisions and professional ethics to maintain integrity and legal certainty in public services.]]>
<![CDATA[Legal Certainty of PPJB Land Objects Certificate Issued on The Basis of Breach of Performance (Study of Decision Number 236/PDT. G/2022/Pn.TJK) ]]>
<![CDATA[Eferdy, Faiza]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlela, Nurlela]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45310
<![CDATA[PPJB is an agreement between the seller and the buyer before the sale and purchase is carried out because there are elements that must be met for the sale and purchase. The problems in this study were analyzed using normative methods with qualitative analysis to obtain conclusions about Certificate Position Ownership Rights No. 00882 dated September 9, 2022 covering an area of 1,657 m2 (one thousand six hundred and fifty seven square meters) is invalid and can be canceled due to administrative legal defects, cancellation or an order to record changes to the maintenance of land registration data can be made according to laws and regulations. Administrative legal defects occur due to errors in: procedures in the process of determining and/or registering land rights; procedures in the process of registering transfers of rights and/or replacement certificates; procedures in the process of registering confirmation and/or recognition of rights to land formerly owned by customary law; procedural errors in the process of measuring, mapping and/or calculating the area; overlapping rights or land rights certificates; errors in the subject and/or object of rights; and other errors in the application of laws and regulations.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of the Validity of Notarial Deeds in Land Ownership Transactions by Foreign Nationals through Nominees based on Law No. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles ]]>
<![CDATA[Prakoso, Giesma Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nabila, Shafa Kintan]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45303
<![CDATA[Law No. 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Regulations (UUPA) explicitly limits land ownership in Indonesia to Indonesian citizens (WNI). However, in practice, many foreign citizens (WNA) use the nominee scheme to acquire land by listing the name of the WNI as the formal owner in the land title certificate. This scheme is generally facilitated through a notarial deed containing a nominee agreement, absolute power of attorney, or a sale and purchase agreement. This study aims to analyze the validity of notarial deeds made in land ownership transactions by WNA through a nominee scheme based on applicable laws and regulations. The research method used is normative legal research with a statute approach and a case approach. The results of the study indicate that notarial deeds made in nominee transactions can be considered null and void because they conflict with the UUPA and the principle of legal certainty in the Indonesian agrarian system. Based on Article 21 paragraph (1) and (3) of the UUPA, land ownership rights cannot be owned by foreign nationals, and if transferred to foreign nationals, the land must be released within one year or fall to the state. In addition, nominee agreements made before a notary also conflict with Article 1320 of the Civil Code because they have an “unlawful cause” (causa illicita). Therefore, stricter supervision of nominee practices and more assertive legal reform are needed to prevent misuse of this scheme and maintain agrarian sovereignty in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of Notaries in the Transaction Process and its Implications for the Validity of Land Documents under the Law ]]>
<![CDATA[Simanjuntak, Kevin Malinowski]]>;
<![CDATA[Tiaranda, Muhammad Fachreza]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45304
<![CDATA[This study discusses the role of notaries in the land transaction process in Indonesia and its legal implications for the validity of land documents. Notaries as public officials have the authority to make authentic deeds that serve as the legal basis for the transfer of land rights. The involvement of notaries in every stage of the transaction, from verifying the identities of the parties to making and ratifying the deed, plays an important role in creating legal certainty and preventing disputes in the future. However, in practice, challenges are still found such as abuse of authority by unscrupulous notaries and low public awareness of the importance of the legality of land transactions. This study uses a normative legal method with a qualitative approach, examining relevant laws and regulations and legal literature. The results of the study indicate that although the role of notaries has made a significant contribution to the validity of land documents, supervision and guidance of the notary profession need to be improved, and legal education for the community needs to be expanded in order to create a more transparent, accountable, and legally secure land system.]]>
<![CDATA[The Evidential Power of Notarial Deeds in Land Disputes between Certificate Owners and Land Cultivators ]]>
<![CDATA[Cahyadi, Arvin Bintang]]>;
<![CDATA[Hasibuan, Muhammad Reza Afdilla]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 2 (2025): June 2025 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i2.45306
<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the evidentiary power of notarial deeds in land disputes between certificate owners and land cultivators. Notarial deeds are authentic evidence that legally have perfect evidentiary power, especially when they form the basis for the transfer of registered land rights. However, in practice, there are often clashes between the strength of administrative evidence and physical control by the cultivator. This study uses normative and empirical legal methods with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through literature studies, document studies, and analysis of court decisions. The results of the study indicate that although notarial deeds and certificates provide a strong legal standing for the owner, the judge’s considerations also include aspects of physical control, good faith, and other supporting evidence. Legal protection for certificate owners can be optimally realized if accompanied by real control and active legal action in defending rights. Therefore, the presence of notarial deeds needs to be understood not only as administrative documents, but also as part of the evidentiary system that must be supported by facts in the field.]]>
<![CDATA[Kajian Gagalnya Permohonan Salinan Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Karena Notaris Kehilangan Kompetensi (Studi Putusan Nomor 235/G/2019/PTUN/JKT) ]]>
<![CDATA[Zubaidah, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Setiawan, I Ketut Oka]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Dinasti Review Publisher ]]>
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DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v5i5.4836
<![CDATA[Notaris dapat mengajukan pembatalan surat pemberhentian secara tidak hormat melalui PTUN dan berhak menuntut untuk dikembalikan profesi dan jabatannya seperti keadaan semula, serta menuntut harkat dan martabatnya dipulihkan. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini, mengenai pihak Penghadap bisa gagal memperoleh Salinan akta PPJB dan pembatalan pemberhentian Notaris dengan tidak hormat dapat kembali memiliki kewenangan sebagai Notaris. Tesis ini, menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif (kepustakaan) dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dan dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan tentang Pihak Penghadap bisa gagal memperoleh Salinan akta PPJB disebabkan karena kelalaian atau kesengajaan notaris yang belum menandatangani minuta akta bersama penghadap, saksi, dan penerjemah resmi dalam membuat akta PPJB. Pembatalan pemberhentian Notaris dengan tidak hormat dapat kembali memiliki kewenangan sebagai Notaris apabila melakukan upaya hukum gugatan pembatalan Surat Keputusan Kemenkumham pemberhentian dengan tidak hormat tersebut melalui PTUN. Apabila, Putusan Majelis Hakim PTUN menyatakan batal demi hukum, secara tidak langsung mengembalikan notaris sesuai profesi jabatannya serta mengembalikan harkat dan martabat notaris kepada keadaan semula.]]>
<![CDATA[Does The Validity of a Sale and Purchase Deed Persist When Underlying Debt Is Concealed? ]]>
<![CDATA[Pranata, Kimas]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>;
<![CDATA[Sihombing, B. F.]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[PPPM, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum (STIH) Biak-Papua ]]>
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DOI: 10.46924/jihk.v7i1.288
<![CDATA[This study is motivated by the widespread practice of transferring land rights through deeds of sale and purchase that, in substance, are essentially based on debt obligations. The research aims to analyze the nature and characteristics of unlawful acts (PMH) as defined in Article 1365 of the Civil Code, examine the validity of simulative land sale and purchase deeds, and assess the legal responsibility of the Land Deed Officials (PPAT) in transactions that do not reflect the true intent of the parties involved. Employing a normative legal methodology with statutory, jurisprudential, and doctrinal approaches, the study finds that the elements of unlawful acts are met, and while the deeds of sale and purchase are formally valid, they are materially defective. Furthermore, PPATs have been found negligent in fulfilling their duty to verify the parties’ genuine intentions. The study concludes that regulatory reforms and heightened diligence by PPATs are essential to ensure substantive justice in land transactions.]]>
<![CDATA[Politik Hukum Cyber Notary dalam Era Digitalisasi 5.0 di Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Setiawati, Sicilia Firdaus]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>;
<![CDATA[Deni, Fitraì]]>
<![CDATA[ Notarius Vol 18, No 3 (2025): Notarius ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Program Studi Magister Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/nts.v18i3.74376
<![CDATA[ABSTRACTThe rise of the digitalization era 5.0 urges legal modernization, including in the notarial field. The Cyber Notary concept emerges as a solution through the application of technology in authentic deed creation. However, Indonesia lacks specific regulations explicitly governing its implementation. This study uses a normative-descriptive approach based on literature review to analyze legal politics and obstacles to Cyber Notary adoption. The findings show that technologies such as AI offer efficiency but require a strong legal foundation to align with notarial principles. Regulatory harmonization, particularly regarding Article 1 point 7 of the UUJN, is crucial to realize a Cyber Notary system that adapts to the digital era.Keywords: Authentic Deed; Notary; Notary's Responsibility; Principle of Care ABSTRAKPerkembangan era digitalisasi 5.0 mendorong modernisasi hukum, termasuk dalam bidang kenotariatan. Konsep Cyber Notary hadir sebagai solusi melalui penerapan teknologi dalam pembuatan akta autentik. Namun, belum ada regulasi khusus di Indonesia yang mengaturnya secara eksplisit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif-deskriptif berbasis studi kepustakaan untuk menganalisis politik hukum dan hambatan penerapan Cyber Notary. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa teknologi seperti AI menawarkan efisiensi, namun memerlukan dasar hukum yang kuat agar selaras dengan prinsip notariat. Harmonisasi regulasi, khususnya terkait Pasal 1 angka 7 UUJN, menjadi urgensi utama untuk mewujudkan Cyber Notary yang adaptif terhadap era digital. Kata Kunci: Akta Otentik; Notaris; Tanggung Jawab Notaris; Prinsip Kehati-hatian]]>
<![CDATA[IMPLEMENTASI SERTIPIKAT ELEKTRONIK DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS KENDALA DAN PERBANDINGAN DENGAN AUSTRALIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Ladia, Farhatin]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosinta, Maya]]>;
<![CDATA[Suryani, Suryani]]>;
<![CDATA[Samosir, Tetti]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi Vol 13, No 3 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Labuhanbatu ]]>
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DOI: 10.36987/jiad.v13i3.6453
<![CDATA[The implementation of electronic land certificates in Indonesia is still facing various obstacles that hinder the full realization of this policy. As part of the digital reform in land administration, the government has issued Minister of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Regulation No. 3 of 2023 on the Issuance of Electronic Documents in Land Registration Activities. However, its enforcement has not been optimal due to technical, regulatory, and institutional challenges. In contrast, Australia has successfully implemented electronic land certificates since 2011, initiated through the Inter-governmental Agreement (IGA), which established regulatory harmonization among its states and territories. This article aims to analyze the challenges of implementing electronic certificates in Indonesia and to examine Australia’s experience as a comparative reference. The research applies a normative juridical method using statutory and comparative approaches. The findings highlight that Indonesia may learn from Australia’s experience, particularly in terms of regulatory harmonization, technological infrastructure readiness, and the enhancement of public legal literacy to support the successful adoption of electronic land certificates. Keywords: Electronic Certificates; Implementation; Land Registration; Comparative Law.]]>
