dharma Lindarto, dharma
Department Of Internal Medicine, Faculty Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

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The Correlation between Apolipoprotein B Level and Inflammatory Markers in Obese Dian Anindita Lubis; Dharma Lindarto
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectiouse Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (261.559 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v1i1.1267

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Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels reflect the total number potentially atherogenic particles that can predict cardiovascular risk. The purpose of this study was to assess if the ApoB in obese subjects is associated with inflammatory markers. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 obese patients at H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. Results: Of the 80 patients studied, the average age was 38.95 + 8.13 years old. There was a strong positive correlation between ApoB and triglycerides (r=0.44, p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.74, p<0.001), and HOMA-IR (r=0.31, p=0.005), however not with the inflammatory markers; adiponectin (r=-0.23, p=0.41) and Chemerin (r=0.021, p=0.851). In obesity, ApoB significantly associated with lipid and insulin resistance, as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Correlation Between Adiponectin Receptor with Indices of Glucose Homeostasis and Mediators Of Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Treated With Puguntano (Curanga felterrae Lour.) Leaf Extract Lindarto, Dharma; Ihsan, Brama; Syafril, Santi; Saragih, Awaluddin
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 2 No. 4 (2020): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectiouse Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (981.367 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v2i4.5025

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ABSTRACT Objective: Adiponectin receptors (AdipoR) regulates metabolism and has anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. We aimed to determine the relationships between AdipoR with parameters of glucose homeostasis (FPG, insulin, and HOMA-IR), and insulin sensitivity (PPAR-γ and p38MAPK) in T2DM rats treated with puguntano (Curanga felterrae Lour.) leaf extract. Methods: T2DM was induced in Wistar rats aged 8–10 weeks and weighing 180–200 g by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and low-dose streptozotocin (30mg/kg.bw) administration. The rats were then allocated randomly to a treatment group and a control group (n=24 each). The treatment group was orally administered puguntano leaf extract (200 mg/kg.bb) once daily for 10 days. Subsequently, FPG and plasma insulin were measured, and HOMA-IR was calculated. Results: There was significantly difference between treatment group and control group on AdipoR and parameter of glucose homeostasis (FPG, Insulin, HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (PPAR-γ, p38MAPK (all, p<0.01). In both groups, there were no significantly correlations between of AdipoR with all parameter of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity except PPAR-ϒ (p <0.003) across the entire cohort of rats. Conclusion: Our data suggest that puguntano could improve glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity and molecular mediators of insulin sensitivity. There were no significantly correlated between improvement of AdipoR with glucose homeostasis and molecular mediators of insulin sensitivity in T2DM.
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Inflammatory Parameters in HIV Patients Treated with Antiretrovirals Theresia, Lydia; Lindarto, Dharma; Syafril, Santi; Kembaren, Tambar
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectiouse Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (539.971 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v3i1.5419

Abstract

Antiretroviral administration affects weight gain and inflammation in HIV patients. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship of body mass index with inflamation parameters in HIV patients who ARV therapy. In 40 HIV patients (stage III-IV)   treated with ARV (FDC 87%, Durival Efaviren 7.5%, Tenofovir, Huviral, Aluvia 2.5%, and Tenofovir, Huviral, Neviral 2.5%) conducted observational analytics with crosssectional design. CD4 examination was carried out flowcytometrically, BMI measured by formula weight (kg) divided by height squared (m2), waist circumference (WC) measured by ribbon between costae arcus and anterior superior iliac spine, albumin measurement with Brom Cresol Green (BCG) method. There is a significant correlation between BMI with WC and CD4 (r=0.61, p<0.001 and r=0.38, p<0.001, respectively). There is no correlation between BMI and duration of ARV treatment, albumin and leptin. ARV treatment in HIV patients will affect weight and inflammatory markers.
The Association between Triglycerides and Glucose (TyG) Index and Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome SN, Sigit Anugerah Putra SN; Dharma Lindarto
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (656.674 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v3i2.6231

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Background: The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index) has become an attractive option due to the highly available and inexpensive biochemical markers for diagnostic of insulin reciatance (IR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TyG index and parameters of metabolic syndrome patients. Method: A cross-sectional was conducted in outpatient polyclinics of the Endocrine-Metabolic division of RSUP H Adam Malik Medan. Criteria of Metabolic Syndrome: (i) abdominal obesity: waist circumference of ≥80 cm in women and ≥90 cm in men in Asean, measured at the umbilical level in a standing position; (ii) systolic blood pressure (SBP) of ≥130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of ≥85 mmHg (or treatment with an antihypertensive medication), measured in all subjects using a validated digital electronic tensiometer in both upper limbs in a seated position after 15 minutes of rest; (iii) triglycerides levels (TG) of ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) or statin/fibrate treatment; HDL-cholesterol levels (HDL-C) of >80 cm in women and >90 cm in men). Result: In this study there were 20 metabolic syndrome patients. From the data, all patients are obese and HbA1c is normal. There is a significant relationship between TyG and HDL-C and TG (r=-0.60; p=0.005** and r=0.88, p= 0.001**, respectively). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between TyG and HDL-C and TG of metabolic syndrome patients. Keywords: TyG, Metabolic Syndrome Parameters
Differences In Glycosylated Hemoglobin To Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Obesity Dharma Lindarto
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2022): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v4i3.9578

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Background: Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has been used as an index for clinical diagnosis of diabetes which is closely related to the complications of cardiovascular. The purpose of the study was to assess the differences in HbA1c against conventional cardiovascular risk in obese patients. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted on obese patients (BMI > 25). This study included 40 obese patients, whereas those with a history of CVD, thyroid disorders, or currently on lipid-lowering agents were excluded. HbA1c is divided over HbA1c < 5.6  and HbA1c > 5.6 (prediabetes), body mass index (BMI) were measured using standard methods. Laboratory assessment included venous blood samples in a fasted state for the determination of components of the lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, and TG], HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistant (HOMA-IR) using the formula: insulin x fasting glucose / 405, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin. Result: 40 obese patients participated in the study with an age of 41.7±6.0 years and a BMI of 33.1±5.0 kg/m2, and a significant correlation between HbA1c and age and HOMA-IR. All cardiovascular risk factors tend to increase but increased significantly at age, and TG (p<0.5). Conclusion: In this study, the average HbA1c was significantly correlated with age and HOMA-IR, and all lipid parameters of HbA1c > 5.6 (prediabetes) tended to be higher than normal obesity.
D-Dimer Levels of COVID-19 patients with Diabetes Mellitus: a Retrospective study Dharma Lindarto; Ginting, Fransiscus
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v5i2.10288

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Background: Diabetes is the commonest comorbidity in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and D-dimer level assessment has reliable parameters for assessing and evaluating the prognosis of COVID-19 patients with comorbid. This study aims to compare D-dimer,  FPG, and PPG levels between COVID-19 patients with comorbid. Method: We conducted a retrospective descriptive and analytical study carried out at D-dimer, FPG, and PPG levels of COVID-19 patients with comorbid in a tertiary Hospital in Medan, Indonesia, from April 04, 2020, to November 22, 2020. The data were collected by cheek list, using electronic medical records. The data included age, gender, medical history, comorbidity disease inward, and ICU admission. All these cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in the laboratory by Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Result: From 323 COVID-19 patients with comorbidities, there are significant differences in D-dimer, FPG, and PPG levels between all groups of COVID-19 patients with the comorbid disease (p<0.05),  and there is a significant difference in D-dimer, FPG, and PPG level between severity of COVID-19 with comorbidities (p<0.005).     Conclusion: There is a significant difference between D-dimer, FPG, and PPG levels in COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in comorbid type and severity of COVID-19.
Correlation between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and D-Dimer In Patients Covid-19 with Diabetes Dharma Lindarto; Ginting, Fransiscus
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v5i1.10318

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Abstract: Background: The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been proposed as an infammatory biomarker. Tujuan penelitian adalah menilai hubungan antara NLR dan D-dimer pada pasien Covid-19 dengan diabetes. Method: This is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study carried out at NLR, blood rutin and D-dimer, FPG, and PPG levels of COVID-19 patients with comorbid in H. Adam Malik Medan, Indonesia, from May 19, 2020, to Juny 08, 2021. The data were collected by cheek list, using electronic medical records. The data included age, gender, medical history, comorbidity with diabetics, and ward and ICU admission. All these cases of COVID-19 have been confirmed in the laboratory by Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR). Results: There were 163 COVID-19 patients with diabetes consisting FPG 241.65±122.23 mg/dl, PPG 286.01±123.92 mg/dl, and HbA1c 9.49±2.41%. There is a significant correlation between NRL and hemoglobin, white blood cells, platelets, neutrophils, and D-dimers (all, p<0.001*). Conclusion: Diabetes is the commonest comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, and NLR and the others inflammatory assessment have reliable parameters for assessing and evaluating the prognosis of the COVID-19 patients as well as an accurate and practical coagulation parameter for predicting mortality.
Predicting the Risk of Mortality for Patients Diabetic with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Retrospective study Dharma Lindarto; Ginting, Fransiscus
Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Endocrinology, Tropical Medicine, and Infectious Disease (JETROMI)
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jetromi.v5i1.10319

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Background. One of the biggest causes of mortality of patients diabetic with COVID-19 in the globe is diabetes mellitus. The study's goal was to examine the predicting the risk of mortality for patients diabetic with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods. This is a retrospective study of patients diabetic with COVID-19 on 22 June 2020 to 21 July 2021 in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan from 22 June 2020 to 21 July 2021. We collected all the data from electronic medical records on diabetics with SARS-CoV-2 infection, including demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics, treatments, complications, and clinical outcomes. All patients had throat swabs taken from their upper respiratory tracts to determine whether they had SARS-CoV-2 infection. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus used ADA criteria. Results: There were 163 diabetic patients with COVID-19, consisting of mild (0%), moderate (39.8%), severe (44.2%), and critical (16.5%), and the most comorbid disease is hypertension. There was a significant age difference, length of stay, blood routine, and certain inflammatory markers between patients Diabetic with COVID-19 discharged from the hospital and died (all, p<0.05). The predicted death of patients diabetic with COVID-19 was D-dimer (OR: 4.069; p=0.008*;95% C.I: 1.43-11.55) and dexamethasone use (OR:4.769; p=0.007*; C.I: 1.54-14.71). Conclusion. The use of dexamethasone and the increase of D-dimer values increase mortality predictions in treating diabetic patients with COVID-19 in hospitals. To prevent these harms, the management of inpatients diabetic with COVID-19 must be with good glucose consideration and monitoring.
CTLA-4 +6230G>A polymorphism and its impact on CTLA-4 level and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: A case-control study in Batak patients with chronic hepatitis B Darmadi, Darmadi; Rey, Imelda; Lubis, Masrul; Lindarto, Dharma; Muzasti, Riri A.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i2.1959

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Genetic polymorphisms in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 gene (CTLA-4) vary by ethnic background, necessitating population-specific studies. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the CTLA-4 +6230G>A polymorphism, serum CTLA-4 level, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Batak patients with chronic hepatitis B, a group with high hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity. A case-control study was conducted among cases (Batak patients with chronic hepatitis B and HCC) and controls (chronic hepatitis B without HCC). Genotyping of the CTLA-4 +6230G>A polymorphism was performed using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay. Serum CTLA-4 level was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patient’s demographic, clinical and laboratory data were recorded and assessed including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, cirrhosis status, HBV DNA level, liver function markers (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg) status, smoking history, and alcohol consumption. This study found that G allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC (OR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.21–6.00; p=0.013). Individuals with GG/AG genotypes had a 2.89-fold higher risk of developing HCC compared to those with the AA genotype (p=0.032). Serum CTLA-4 level was significantly elevated in G allele carriers (GG: 159.9±57.1 pg/mL vs AA: 83.7±44.7 pg/mL; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified cirrhosis as the strongest predictor of HCC (OR: 7.60; p<0.001), followed by elevated ALT (OR: 3.42; p=0.018) and high HBV DNA levels (OR: 2.31; p=0.024). In conclusion, the CTLA-4 +6230G>A GG/AG genotype and elevated serum CTLA-4 level were significantly associated with an increased risk of HCC in Batak individuals with chronic HBV infection. Further research is needed to explore additional CTLA-4 polymorphisms and immune regulatory mechanisms in HBV-related HCC to improve risk stratification and therapeutic strategies.
Family Experience in Supporting Diabetes Self-Management Practice: A Qualitative Study Tarigan, Mula; Sairomaito Harahap; Siti Zahara Nasution; Evi Karota Bukit; Dharma Lindarto; Dewi Frintiana Silaban
Caring: Indonesian Journal of Nursing Science Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Vol 7 No 2 2025 Caring: Indonesia Journal of Nursing
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/ijns.v7i2.23251

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Family participation plays a vital role in the success of diabetes self-management (DSM). In Indonesia, family-centered care is culturally embedded, yet limited research has explored how families experience and interpret their roles in supporting self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to explore family experiences in supporting diabetes self-management practices among patients with T2DM in Medan, Indonesia. A descriptive phenomenological approach was employed. Twelve family members who cared for T2DM patients at Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Hospital were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and field notes from February to May 2025. Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method guided data analysis to extract significant statements and formulate themes. Credibility was ensured through member checking, dependability via team discussion, and confirmability through audit trails. Five interrelated themes emerged: (1) controlling diet, (2) arranging physical training (3) administering medications, (4) emotional support, and (5) utilization of health care facilities. These themes reflected how families act as emotional motivators, behavioral supervisors, and coordinators of care to strengthen patients’ adherence and self-efficacy. Family involvement was not limited to instrumental assistance but extended to emotional reinforcement and facilitation of healthcare access. Family engagement forms the backbone of effective DSM, integrating physical, emotional, and social support. Strengthening family-based interventions is essential to enhance adherence, glycemic control, and quality of life among patients with T2DM. Keyword: Family Experience, Diabetes Self-Management, Family Support, Qualitative Study, Indonesia