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Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp.: Cytotoxic of Usnic Acid Isolated from Ramalina sp. Darmawan, Akhmad; Maulidiyah; Megawati; Ariani, Novita; Aisya, Sitti; Sukirno; Randy, Ahmad; Primahana, Gian; Hendra, Medi; Nurdin, Muhammad
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.14

Abstract

Ramalina sp. (Ramalinaceae) is a type of lichen known to contain many active secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential to be used as medicine or medicinal raw materials. One of the biological activities possessed by Ramalina sp. lichen is its anticancer activity. This research aims to isolate and identify active secondary metabolite compounds from the methanol extract of the Ramalina sp. lichen and to find out the cytotoxic activity of the isolated compound against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Compound 1 (usnic acid) was successfully isolated from fraction A. The isolation and purification process was carried out starting with a maceration process using acetone solvent, followed by silica gel column chromatography using a gradient solvent system consisting of n-hexane, n-hexane:EtOAc, EtOAc, EtOAc:MeOH, and MeOH with 5% increment of polarity to obtain 17 fractions (F-1 to F-17). From the 17 fractions obtained, fraction 3 (F-3) and fraction 4 (F-4) (eluted with n-hexane:EtOAc 30%), which had the same TLC profile, were combined and named as fraction A. Compound 1 (50 mg) is a yellow needle crystal that was formed in a bottle of fraction A, which was obtained after the process of combining fractions F-3 and F-4 and solvent evaporation process. The crystals were then separated and purified with CHCl3 and MeOH. Compound 1 was then characterized based on spectroscopic data. Various spectroscopic analysis data, including FTIR, 1D- and 2D-NMR, and LC-ESI-MS, show that Compound 1 is a dibenzofuran derivative compound with 18 carbons (3 from carbonyl groups (C=O) and 3 from methyl groups) and 2 hydroxyl (-OH). Cytotoxicity assay showed that at a low concentration of 18.75 ug/mL, Compound 1 caused a 67.06% decrease in MCF7 viability
Co-Authors Agung Laksana Hendra Pamungkas Agustina Citra Windianingsih Ahmad Hawasi Ahmad Randy Aisya, Sitti Akhmad Darmawan Amanda Novitasari aprilia, rapita Ariani, Novita Baiq Rani Dewi Wulandani Budi Ispriyarso Bulkaini (Bulkaini) Carmidah Cordova, Datu Muhammad Dewi Kurniati Dimas Yusuf Afrizal Djoko Kisworo Djoko Kisworo Dwi Retnowati Eko Suroso Endang Eko Wati Erlinda Yurisinthae Fajrur Rahman Faqih, Abdul Faqih Arrosyid Filailla, Euis Fitri Mutia, Fitri Galuh Yunawan Riyadi Ganjar Patria Lugina HARYANTO Haxa Soeprijanto Hidayat Soesilohadi Inge Ayudia Ismail Isnaeni Praptanti Juliati Kartika Winkar Setya Khafidhoh Kharimah, Kharimah KUNTORO Laily Nurlina Lela, Citra Mastur Maulidiyah Medi Hendra Megawati Mohammad Riqzazulmi Muh Nur Rahmad Caronge Muhammad Mirza Habibie Muhammad Nurdin Muhammad Ridha Muharudin, Eko Mulyahati, Bunga Munahar Mustaqiem, Akhmad Imam Musyarafah Nabitatus Sa’adaha Najwa Cintani Ni Kadek Diah Arya Puspa Artana Ni Luh Putu Cinta Andina Putri Nurhaliza, Siti Nurhaliza Nurlaili, Fadilla Intan Nur’aini, Shifa Ota Musashi Pamungkas, Agung Laksana Hendra Prastya, Muhammad Eka Primahana, Gian Pujiyono Putra, Rayhan Helmyana Putri, Sandrina Febiola Rachmawati, Kurnia Rahmat Hi. Abdullah, Rahmat Hi. Rahmawati , Menuk Rahmawati, Linda Tri Rahmi Fitri, Fathiyya Rizna Triana Dewi Satria Ikhlasul Amal Adan SINAGA, HENRY Siti Sumarmi Siti Wahyuni Soeprijanto, Haxa Sri Ramadhani, Tarisa Suhendar, Heri Supeno Surachman, Arif Suta Wardianto, Bayu Suyuti Tachiyya Nailal Khusna Thiwuk Leres Kinanti Tri Nurhidayah Triwid Syafarotun Najah Vidiati, Cory Wahid Wachyu Adi Winarto Wijayanti, Rizki Nofiana Yuliani Catur Rini Zahra, Aliya Azkia Zul Fauzi, Nizar