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Chandra, Tofik Yanuar
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Penerapan Pidana Pengganti Dalam Pembayaran Restitusi Terhadap Anak Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Diana, Anisa Roshda; Maryano, Maryano; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar
CENDEKIA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): CENDEKIA : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah, Februari 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/cendekia.v2i2.968

Abstract

In Perma Number 1 of 2022 concerning Procedures for Settlement of Applications and Granting of Restitution and Compensation to Victims of Criminal Acts, the concept of substitute punishment has actually been accommodated by providing space by regulating it partially. In addition, seen from the perspective of systematic interpretation and interdisciplinary interpretation, there are several laws that regulate substitute punishment for restitution, one of which is the provision of Article 33 paragraph (7) of Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Criminal Acts of Sexual Violence. However, in practice, perpetrators of criminal acts who are required to pay restitution based on a court decision that has permanent legal force, state that they refuse to pay restitution on the grounds that they cannot afford it so that they serve a subsidiary sentence because they do not pay restitution. Then the problem is that the subsidiary sentence that they must undergo is often not commensurate with the actions or the value of the restitution that must be paid, so that perpetrators of criminal acts prefer to serve a substitute sentence rather than pay restitution. Methods used in this study This study uses descriptive analytical research, which is carried out with the main aim of providing an objective picture or description of a situation. With the statute approach, case approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach. The results of the study recommend that in the form of efforts to ensure the fulfillment of the rights of victims of sexual violence in the form of restitution, there needs to be rules or guidelines for judges in deciding on substitute (subsidiary) punishment for restitution, so that the judge's decision has coercive power and has uniformity. From the perspective of the victim, restitution is used to restore the victim's condition to the state before the crime occurred. Meanwhile, from the perpetrator's side, payment of restitution is a form of accountability for the occurrence of the crime. Although restitution is a form of accountability for the perpetrator, there are no rules or guidelines that confirm/regulate the provision of substitute (subsidiary) punishment if restitution is not paid by the perpetrator to the victim
KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENERAPAN JUSTICE COLLABORATOR TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA. Pratama, Dimas Satriawan Syah; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Ismed, Mohamad
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Juni 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i6.2885

Abstract

The idea of a Justice Collaborator is based on Article 37 paragraph (2) of the 2003 United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) which states that the state is obliged to consider reducing the sentence of perpetrators who provide substantial cooperation in the investigation and prosecution of a specified crime. As of 2023, UNCAC has 190 member countries which have proven that the article regarding Justice Collaborator is an effective way to eradicate organized crime such as narcotics. The Research method is a normative juridical research, to obtain the necessary data in connection to the period issue. The data used is secondary data in consisting of primary legal materials. Besides, it used primary data to support secondary data legal materials. Data analysis was done by qualitative juridical analysis. The result of research is obtained that From the research results, it can be seen that Justice Collaborator is a form of symbiotic mutualism or mutually beneficial cooperation between Witnesses and Perpetrators of law enforcement officers where each of them gets benefits related to the disclosure of narcotics crime cases. The legal basis for Justice Collaborator began with the publication of SEMA No. 4 of 2011, Joint Regulations, to Law no. 31 of 2014. In the PSK Law, the position of Justice Collaborator is regulated as equal to Witness, Victim and Whistleblower and their rights are guaranteed by law, but in practice there are still many perpetrator witnesses who do not get leniency because in the trial the judge does not consider the testimony of the perpetrator witness to meet the requirements. as Justice Collaborator. Even though the legal basis already exists, because in the Indonesian judicial system the decision maker is the judge, the recommendation of the prosecutor or LPSK does not necessarily lighten the sentence of the perpetrator witness
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang yang Berasal dari Hasil Tindak Pidana Narkotika Hasibuan, Rando Vittoro; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Mau, Hedwig Adianto
Jurnal Sains, Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Hukum Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): SAINMIKUM : Jurnal Sains, Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Hukum, Agustus 2025
Publisher : Lumbung Pare Cendekia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60126/sainmikum.v2i4.1093

Abstract

Tindak pidana pencucian uang yang bersumber dari hasil tindak pidana narkotika merupakan bentuk kejahatan berlapis (double crime) yang tidak hanya merugikan sistem hukum nasional, tetapi juga menghambat efektivitas pemberantasan narkotika. Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku kejahatan ini memerlukan pendekatan komprehensif dari segi substansi hukum, aparat penegak hukum, hingga sistem pembuktian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk tindak pidana pencucian uang yang berasal dari tindak pidana narkotika serta bagaimana penegakan hukumnya di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, didukung data sekunder dan primer sebagai bahan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencucian uang dari tindak pidana narkotika merupakan tindak pidana berkelanjutan yang dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahap utama: penempatan, pelapisan, dan pengintegrasian, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 3, 4, dan 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2010. Penegakan hukumnya dilakukan secara terpadu oleh Kepolisian, BNN, Kejaksaan, PPATK, dan Pengadilan berdasarkan UU No. 8 Tahun 2010 dan UU No. 35 Tahun 2009. Fokus utama penegakan hukum adalah pada pemidanaan pelaku serta perampasan aset hasil kejahatan. Meskipun dalam praktiknya masih terdapat berbagai kendala teknis dan yuridis, strategi pemiskinan pelaku melalui pelacakan dan penyitaan aset terbukti menjadi pendekatan yang efektif dalam memutus mata rantai kejahatan terorganisasi ini.
Penerapan Pidana Tambahan Pembayaran Uang Pengganti Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Guna Mewujudkan Keadilan Herdiana, Fransisca; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Shodiq, M. D.
CENDEKIA : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): CENDEKIA : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmiah, April 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/cendekia.v2i4.1169

Abstract

One way to return lost state money is to impose additional penalties in the form of replacement payments. This effort is to provide income to the state treasury from the results of replacement payments from corruption convicts. This study focuses on discussing the case of the Application of Additional Criminal Penalties in the Form of Replacement Payments in Corruption Crimes in accordance with the provisions regarding replacement penalties in Article 18 of Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption. The formulation of the problem raised in this study is how the procedure for implementing replacement payments in corruption crimes and how to apply additional replacement penalties in corruption crimes in order to realize justice. In this study, the author uses the theory of justice and the theory of criminal law. The research method used is a normative legal approach. This study uses a statute approach and a case approach which in principle originates from primary legal materials consisting of laws and judges' decisions, secondary legal materials consisting of books, research results, articles and tertiary legal materials from libraries, articles and websites. The legal material analysis technique uses grammatical interpretation techniques. The results of this study are that the Procedure for implementing replacement money in corruption cases is regulated in the Attorney General's Letter Number B-845/F/Fjp/05/2018, which regulates the stages of implementing court decisions, including the execution of additional criminal penalties in the form of an obligation to pay replacement money. Simultaneously with the issuance of the Court Decision Execution Order (P-48), the Head of the District Attorney's Office also issues an Asset Search Order (P-48A) to track the convict's assets. If the convict pays replacement money, the executing prosecutor provides a receipt (Form D-3) and hands over the money to the treasurer to be deposited into the state treasury within 1x24 hours. However, if within one month after the decision has permanent legal force the replacement money has not been paid, the prosecutor is obliged to confiscate the convict's property for execution. The application of additional criminal penalties for replacement money itself is regulated in Article 18 of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, which is generally accompanied by subsidiary penalties. In order to realize justice and optimize state financial recovery, it is better if the replacement money punishment is not accompanied by a subsidiary so that the perpetrators of corruption have no choice but to pay the replacement money. The suggestion in this study is to improve state financial recovery through replacement money, it is necessary to strengthen international cooperation in tracing assets from corruption hidden abroad in order to support the effectiveness of intelligence prosecutors in tracking assets. In addition, in the short term it is recommended that the Supreme Court issue a Circular Letter that makes the payment of replacement money a condition for obtaining remission and conditional release, so that perpetrators of corruption cannot avoid or choose to serve imprisonment as an alternative to paying replacement money
URGENSI PEMULIHAN KERUGIAN KEUANGAN NEGARA MELALUI TINDAKAN PEMBLOKIRAN DAN PERAMPASAN ASSET SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENEGAKAN HUKUM KORUPSI Saputro, Heri Joko; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar
JURNAL ILMU SYARIAH Vol 9 No 2 (2021): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : IBN KHALDUN BOGOR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/mizan.v9i2.20303

Abstract

Salah satu unsur dalam tindak pidana korupsi ialah adanya kerugian keuangan negara. Terhadap kerugian keuangan negara ini membuat Undang-Undang Korupsi baik yang lama yaitu UU No. 3 tahun 1971 maupun yang baru yaitu UU No. 31 tahun 1999 Jo UU No. 20 tahun 2001tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Ketentuan ini menetapkan kebijakan bahwa kerugiankeuangan negara harus dikembalikan atau diganti oleh pelaku korupsi (Asset Recovery). Tindakan pemulihan (Asset Recovery) penting untuk dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk menjaga agar negara tidak selalu dirugikan dan terabaikan hanya dengan pemidanaan hukuman badan (penjara) saja. Dalam penulisan ini penulis menggunakan metodologi kualitatif deskriptif untuk menggambarkan kondisi apa adanya, tanpa memberi perlakuan atau manipulasi pada variable yang diteliti. Hasil penelitianmenyatakan bahwa perlunya rumusan kebijakan dan langkah aksi yang konkrit, dikarenakan prosedural asset recovery meliputi pelacakan, pembekuan, pemblokiran, penyitaan, perampasan, pemeliharaan/pengelolaan dan pengembalian aset yang dicuri/hasil kejahatan kepada korban kejahatan/negara.atas Asset yang dimiliki dan diduga berasal dari keuangan negara yang telah dicuri berupa uang maupun tabungan dalam rekening pelaku ataupun benda dapat dilakukan melalui penelusuran untuk kemudian dilakukan Pemblokiran dan dilakukan Perampasan Asset.
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Gas LPG Bersubsidi di DKI Jakarta Siahaan, Pangihutan; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Ismed, Mohamad
Jurnal Global Ilmiah Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Global Ilmiah
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/jgi.v1i2.18

Abstract

Pembahasan mengenai penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penyalahgunaan gas LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) bersubsidi di DKI Jakarta. Metode pendekatan yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif yang didukung dengan yuridis empiris dengan merinci uraian yaitu suatu penelitian yang secara deduktif dimulai analisa terhadap pasal-pasal dalam peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur terhadap permasalahan Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Gas LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Bersubsidi di DKI Jakarta.Penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penyalahgunaan Gas LPG bersubsidi di DKI Jakarta bahwa Perbuatan pelaku pengoplos tersebut berdampak negatif untuk masyarakat dimana gas elpiji 3 kilogram merupakan barang bersubsidi yang diperutukkan bagi kalangan yang kurang mampu dan usaha kecil, akibatnya dapat mengurangi jatah masyarakat yang berhak mendapatkannya. Penggunaan hukum pidana sebagai suatu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah sosial (kejahatan) termasuk dalam bidang penegakan hukum dalam penyalahgunaan Gas LPG dimana tersangka telah melanggar pada Pasal 40 angka 9 Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja Atas Perubahan Ketentuan Pasal 55 Undang-Undang No. 22 Tahun 2001 Tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi.
LAW ENFORCEMENT ON CONFISCATION OF CORPORATE ASSETS AS AN EFFORT TO RECOVER STATE FINANCES IN CRIMINAL ACTS OF CORRUPTION Tubalawony, Agnasia Marliana; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Kristiawanto, Kristiawanto
Dharmawangsa: International Journal of the Social Sciences, Education and Humanitis Vol 6, No 2 (2025): Social Sciences, Education and Humanities
Publisher : Universitas Dharmawangsa Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46576/ijsseh.v6i2.7339

Abstract

Asset forfeiture in corruption is an important legal enforcement instrument that aims not only to punish perpetrators but also to recover state financial losses. Perpetrators of corruption crimes are not only individuals but also corporations, both legal and non-legal entities. The research problems in this study are: how the regulation of corporate asset forfeiture as an effort to recover state financial losses in corruption crimes is formulated and how the enforcement of corporate asset forfeiture is carried out as a means of recovering state financial losses in corruption crimes. The theories employed in this study include law enforcement theory and asset forfeiture theory. This research applies a normative juridical method with an approach based on legislation, legal doctrines and relevant case studies. The results show that corporate asset forfeiture is a strategic measure which has to be a priority in the law enforcement agenda against corruption. Although Indonesia already has several legal instruments governing asset forfeiture, in reality, the implementation is still hindered by various challenges, such as regulatory, institutional and inter-agency coordination. Law enforcement often emphasizes the ultimum remedy approach, resulting in criminal sanctions against corporations to be overlooked and replaced by administrative sanctions. In fact, criminal prosecution of corporations is not only important as the state's measure to penalize crime, but also serves to restore state financial losses through seizure and confusion of illegal profits. This study recommends strengthening regulations through the enactment of the Asset Forfeiture Bill, enhancing the capability of law enforcement officers in understanding the concept of corporate crime and establishing a special agency to handle asset forfeiture professionally and transparently.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN  REHABILITASI TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA DI INDONESIA Riyadi, Trisno; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Paparang, Santrawan T.
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 8 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Agustus 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i8.1638

Abstract

Narcotics crime is an extraordinary offense that has serious impacts on individuals, society, and the state. In its handling, there has been a paradigm shift from repressive approaches to rehabilitative ones, particularly for addicts or narcotics abusers. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the rehabilitation implementation for narcotics crime perpetrators in Indonesia, based on the current legal framework, particularly by comparing the old Penal Code (Law No. 1 of 1946) with the new National Penal Code (Law No. 1 of 2023), as well as Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. This research adopts a normative juridical method with statutory, case, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The data were obtained from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials and analyzed using legal interpretation and legal construction methods. The study examines the types of rehabilitation applied in Indonesia, both medical and social, including case studies such as the decisions involving Tri Retno Prayudati (Nunung) and Reza Pardede (Coki Pardede), which demonstrate the varied application of rehabilitation among similar offenders. The main findings reveal that although rehabilitation is formally accommodated in national regulations, its implementation remains suboptimal. Obstacles such as inconsistent understanding among law enforcement officers, limited rehabilitation facilities, and the lack of clear parameters to distinguish users from dealers hinder effective enforcement. The disparity in treatment among narcotics offenders remains high, as illustrated by the case of Nunu Nurhayati, who received a prison sentence without rehabilitation. This study applies restorative justice theories from Howard Zehr and Tony Marshall, emphasizing the restoration of social relationships and individual recovery over punishment, as well as effectiveness theories from Soerjono Soekanto and Lawrence M. Friedman to evaluate the legal policy's effectiveness. The study concludes that applying rehabilitation to narcotics offenders is more in line with the principles of restorative justice and human rights protection. Therefore, the state needs to strengthen the legal foundation and technical implementation of rehabilitation and shift the paradigm among law enforcers and society to view addicts not as criminals, but as individuals in need of recovery.
PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASIPELAKU TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSIDALAM TATA KELOLA NIAGA KOMODITAS DI INDONESIA Saragih, Handa Yusico; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Paparang, Santrawan T.
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 8 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Agustus 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i8.1639

Abstract

This study examines the issue of corporate criminal liability in corruption cases occurring within the governance of Indonesia’s commodity trade sector. Corruption in this sector is marked by its complexity, often involving strategic national commodities such as mining products, plantation outputs, and state-managed funds. These offenses are frequently not committed directly by individuals but instead facilitated and executed through corporate entities that function as primary perpetrators or instruments of organized crime. Corporations, beyond being legal entities, possess internal systems capable of structuring and concealing illegal activities through collective decision-making mechanisms. The research aims to identify specific forms of corruption committed by corporations in commodity governance and to analyze how criminal liability can be applied to these legal entities. The study employs a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. It focuses on four major court decisions: the Jiwasraya case (Joko Hartono Tirto), the Asabri case (Maj. Gen. (Ret.) Adam Rachmat Damiri), the illegal tin export case (Harvey Moeis), and the illegal land acquisition case involving Surya Darmadi and Duta Palma Group. Findings reveal eight primary forms of corruption within this context: price mark-ups, manipulation of export/import quotas, falsification of production data and documents, collusion in vendor appointments using fictitious partners, concealment of illicit proceeds, illegal exports without permits, unauthorized land control, and evasion of financial obligations such as taxes, royalties, and non-tax state revenues (PNBP). Corporate liability may be established through the identification theory, vicarious liability, and strict liability principles, in line with Supreme Court Regulation No. 13 of 2016 and Article 20 of the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP Nasional). The study concludes that criminal law enforcement must move beyond punishing individuals to targeting the corporate structures that enable systemic corruption. A structural and policy-oriented approach to corporate criminal liability is essential to ensure deterrence and promote integrity in national commodity governance
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG DALAM HUKUM PIDANA Sihombing, Finiel Handani Tumalona; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Basuki, Basuki
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 8 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Agustus 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i8.1710

Abstract

Human Trafficking is the act of recruiting, transporting, harboring, sending, transferring, or receiving a person by means of threats of violence, use of violence, kidnapping, confinement, forgery, fraud, abuse of power or vulnerable position, debt bondage or giving payments or benefits, so as to obtain the consent of a person who holds control over another person, whether carried out within the country or between countries. The formulation of the problem in this study is How is the Legal Protection for victims of the Crime of Human Trafficking and How is the Criminalization of the Crime of Human Trafficking in Criminal Law. The theory used in this study is the theory of Legal Protection and the theory of Criminalization. The method used in this research is a normative juridical research type, namely library legal research or secondary data with primary, secondary, and tertiary legal material sources. The research approaches used are the statutory approach, case approach, analytical approach, and conceptual approach. The legal material collection technique is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal regulations, book literature, journals, and other legal material sources. The legal material analysis technique is carried out by legal interpretation (interpretation), grammatical interpretation, and systematic interpretation.The research findings show that legal protection for victims of human trafficking, based on Law Number 21 of 2007, regulates the protection of victims of human trafficking as an important aspect of law enforcement. Furthermore, Article 48 provides for restitution for victims, but its implementation still faces various obstacles. Specifically, the victim's right to restitution lacks procedures that simplify the restitution application process and the provision of substitute fines for convicts. Many perpetrators' sentences are still not appropriate in practice, with court sentences often falling far below the maximum penalty. This creates a gap between legal norms and their implementation, and leads to dissatisfaction and a sense of injustice for victims. Criminal penalties tend to be minimal, and some are below the minimum.
Co-Authors Abu Taher, Mohammad Akbar, Muhammad Syarif Hidayatullah Aktanotaria, Ade Ananta, Dinur Wikra Andayani, Rizki Ardiyansah Barus, Artanta Basuki , Candra, Mardi Diana, Anisa Roshda Halim, Anriz Nazaruddin Hasibuan, Rando Vittoro Herdiana, Fransisca Hossain, Mohammad Belayet Ismed, Mohamad Kristiawanto, Kristiawanto Kurniawan, Yulianus Soni Kuspermadi, Raghil Abdul Muqsith Marniati, Felicitas Sri Marpaung, Berlian Maryano, Maryano Mau, Hedwig Adianto Megawaty, Octavia Rouli Novita Lestari, Novita Pangestika, Meitri Widya Paparang, Sanrawan Paparang, Santrawan T. Pratama, Dimas Satriawan Syah Purwanto, Eko Joko Riyadi, Trisno Saputro, Heri Joko Saragih, Handa Yusico Setiyawan, Aldi Rizky Shodiq, M. D. Siahaan, Pangihutan Sihombing, Finiel Handani Tumalona Sinaulan, Ramlani Lina Suryana, Cece Sutanto, Audrey Lucretia Tubalawony, Agnasia Marliana Yolanda, Berlian Yolanda, Moch Andre Zakhiri Md. Nor, Mohd