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<![CDATA[KARAKTERISTIK BALOK BAMBU LAMINA SUSUN TEGAK DARI BILAH BAMBU ANDONG (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja) ]]>
<![CDATA[I.M. Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Krisdianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.3.167-177
<![CDATA[The objective of the study was to determine the effect of various layer compositions on the properties of 3-layer vertically glued laminated bamboo beam (LBB). Bamboo strips for LBB fabrication were prepared from mature culms (± 4 years old) of andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea (Steud.) Widjaja) collected from private gardens in West Java. The strips were pre-treated by soaking them in 7% boron solution for four hours. Three-layer LBBs were manufactured with six different layer compositions, including bamboo combination with wood planks of manii (Maesopsis eminii Engl.) or sengon (Falcataria moluccana (Miq.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes) as the core layer. The LBB was manufactured using Water Based Polymer-Isocyanate (WBPI) adhesive. The glue spread and cold pressing time applied were 250 g/m and one hour, respectively. Results showed that the average density, moisture content, thickness swelling, and width expansion of LBB were 0.65 g/cm ; 11.1%; 2.09%; and 1.99%, respectively. No delamination occurred in all samples using WBPI adhesive, which indicates high bonding quality. The average bonding strength and percentage bamboo failure (dry test) of LBB were 61.6 kg/cm and 90%, respectively. The physical and mechanical properties of LBB were significantly affected by the layer composition. The presence of wood laminates as the core layer of LBB and the cross wide orientation of the core layer decreased mechanical properties of LBB. On the contrary, the presence of cross-layer in LBB structure increased dimensional stability of the produced LBB.Three-layer thick laminated bamboo beam made of vertically glued andong bamboo strips with various constituted layer composition and all constitued layers laminated together in parallel grain direction had strength values comparable to those of class II of solid wood strength, eventhough the core layer was made of sengon or manii planks.]]>
<![CDATA[KETEGUHAN REKAT DAN EMISI FORMALDEHIDA PAPAN LAMINA ROTAN MENGGUNAKAN PEREKAT TANIN FORMALDEHIDA ]]>
<![CDATA[Rohmah Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdurachman]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 37 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.1.33-41
<![CDATA[Composite products made of rattan have a decorative value and potentially can be developed for current market demand. Rattan laminated board is expected to perform effective as a substitution material for wooden furniture. The aim of this research is to determine technology of making laminated rattan board from large rattan species which having diameter of more than 30 mm using phenol based adhesive from organic resources, i.e. bark (mangium, mahoni) and merbau sawdust. The laminated rattan board sizing of 1.5 cm x 7.5 cm x 90 cm were made of five layers which spreaded on one side of the surface and hot pressed with 10 kg/cm2 specific pressure for three hours. Testing of rattan laminated board products includes bonding strength and formaldehyde emissions, and also the bonding strength value of samples from the National Rattan Innovation Center (PIRNas) as a comparison. Results show that bonding strength and formaldehyde emissions of the rattan laminated board was influenced by interaction type of tannin-formaldehyde, pressing temperature, and glue spread. The best quality adhesive performance of rattan boards was obtained on the use of tannin-formaldehyde mangium resin with formaldehyde emissions with a glue spread of 200 g/m2 surfaces and 100oC pressing temperature, with formaldehyde emmision within the safe limits. Approximately 28% of the experimental rattan laminated boards possessed bonding strength which exceeds bonding strength value of the PIRNas board, which used synthetic resin based on the imported phenolic adhesive.]]>
<![CDATA[SINTESIS, KARAKTERISASI DAN APLIKASI BIO-IMPREGNAN DARI KULIT BATANG SAWIT ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamaludin Malik]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.93%E2%80%93104
<![CDATA[The formulation of phenolic compounds extracted from biomass not only produces adhesives but can also be used as bioimpregnant. In this study, the synthesis was carried out by copolymerization of resorcinol (R) and formaldehyde (F) into the oilpalm bark extract (S) to produce SRF resin fluid. A complete characterization was carried out using FTIR, Py-GCMS, XRDand DTA. In addition, F emission was also undertaken to ensure its safety for health and the environment. The application ofbio-impregnant was done on samples of the hard (edge) and soft (middle) parts of the oil palm trunk. The results show that the oilpalm bark extract contains polyphenol components that have a strong affinity for resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline catalyst(NaOH 40%), so that it can form a copolymer that can be used as an impregnant. The application of the bio-impregnant canimprove the quality of the oil palm trunk in both parts from class V to class III of wood-strength classification with an increase indensity (>100%), hardness (4 times), thickness swelling in both cold and boiling water meets the requirements (<25%), as wellas formaldehyde emission that meets the standard SNI 03-2105-2006.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH PRAPERLAKUAN BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP KUALITAS PAPAN LAMINA ROTAN ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Krisdianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Karnita Yuniarti]]>;
<![CDATA[Jasni]]>;
<![CDATA[Heru Wibisono]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 40 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2022.40.2.105–114
<![CDATA[Rattan has the potential to be developed into composite products with gluing technology into laminated rattan. However, as araw material, rattan has a weakness, namely that it contains chemical components that inhibit the adhesive bond with the chemicalmolecules of rattan. In an effort to overcome this, a technique for making composite rattan was carried out in order to obtain dataon the effect of pretreatment on rattan as a raw material. Rattan as a raw material is first dried by microwave, hydrothermalevaporation and conventional methods in order to reduce the levels of adhesive chemical components contained in rattan. This paperpresents the results of research on the technology of making laminated rattan from the Batang (Calamus zolingerii) large diameter(>20 mm) with mangium tannin adhesive. The results showed that the pre-treatment of rattan as a raw material in the form ofdrying by means of oven, steam, frying, hydrothermal, and microwave, each produced a different effect on the chemical componentscontained and the degree of crystallinity. The best rattan laminate board was obtained from rattan which was pretreated using a 1kW microwave oven (input) with a maximum energy strength of 50%.]]>
<![CDATA[PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KAYU SAWIT DENGAN PERLAKUAN KOMPREGNASI MENGGUNAKAN TANIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA ]]>
<![CDATA[Okti Rachmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Purwantiningsih Sugita]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.3.181-190
<![CDATA[Indonesia is one of the largest palm oil producers in the world. The availability of oil palm trunk as a waste of the final crop-harvesting is enormous, inexpensive, and can be a source of sustainable alternative wood for various applications if it can be utilized properly. The weaknesses of oil palm wood characteristics are low in specific gravity, as well as physical and mechanical properties compared to other biomaterial especially wood. This paper studies the oil palm wood quality improvement through compregnation technique using tannin recorcinol formaldehyde (TRF). The study was carried out by coating sample surface of oil palm wood (5 cm × 5 cm × 2 cm) with TRF adhesive composition 1:0.05:0.05 (v/v/v) and followed by cold pressing for 10 mins at 10 kg/cm2 pressure and then followed by hot pressing at 120oC and pressure of 12 kg/cm2 for 10 minutes. Density, hardness, thickness swelling as well as formaldehyde emission, were measured and compared to controls. Results showed that the compregnated wood significantly increased its density by 104.61%, and its hardness by six folds, and the thickness swelling decreased by 85.98%. The compregnated oil palm wood has also increased in strength quality, i.e from strength class V to III.]]>
<![CDATA[10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.129-138 ]]>
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2018): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2018.36.2.113-128
<![CDATA[The use of wood filler is vital in wood finishing. However, the most commercial wood fillers available in the market are made of chemical solvent-based resins, such as polyurethane and nitrocellulose. These products contain volatile organic compounds. This study examines performance of alternative and commercial wood fillers. The alternative wood fillers were made from the mixture of putty powder and organic resins, i.e. shellac, acrylic and polyvinyl acetate. The wood fillers were tested on tusam, jabon and rubber wood by assessing their physical, mechanical and chemical performances in comparison with the most commercial wood filler, i.e. nitrocellulose wood filler. Samples of three wood species were treated by spreading them with various wood filler solutions. Weight and dimensional changes due to treatment were determined in wet and dry sample conditions. Chemical and scratch resistance of the wood filler films were also tested to determine their chemical and mechanical performance. Color similarity of the wood filler treated samples and control were evaluated using the CIELab color system. The effect of treatment were varied according to wood species. Tusam samples possess greater weight and dimensional gains than those of jabon and rubber wood samples. All organic wood filler formula could effectively protect wood from water intrution, comparable to that of the commercial wood filler (WF). The organic wood fillers had higher scratch resistance, less chemical resistance, and better color appearance than the commercial WF.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK KAYU MERBAU UNTUK PEREKAT PRODUK LAMINASI BAMBU ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[I.M. Sulastiningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Jasni]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.89-100
<![CDATA[The report describes the useof adhesive made frommerbau wood extract (Intsia Spp.) which is allowed tocopolymerize with resorcinol, formaldehyde under alkaline conditions, and tapioca as an extender. The adhesive was used to manufacture three-ply composite board consisting of a back and core layers made from sengon (Falcataria mollucana), and jabon (Anthocephalus chinensis), while the face layer was made either one of three bamboo species, namely, andong (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinacea), mayan (Gigantochloa robusta Kurz.), and bitung (Dendrocalamusasper Schult. F.). Result shows that physical-mechanical properties of the composite board with using adhesive by formula (% of weightratio) Merbau extract :Resorcinol 50%: Formaldehyde 37%:Extender=100 : 10 : 10 : 5) were similar with to those of products made of synthetic phenolic adhesive and classified as an exterior quality type with E or 0 F**** typesof low formaldehyde emission.]]>
<![CDATA[KEMUNGKINAN PENGGUNAAN NANO KARBON DARI LIGNOSELULOSA SEBAGAI BIOSENSOR ]]>
<![CDATA[Gustan Pari]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Djeni Hendra]]>;
<![CDATA[Buchari]]>;
<![CDATA[Akhirudin Maddu]]>;
<![CDATA[Mamat Rachmat]]>;
<![CDATA[Muji Harsini]]>;
<![CDATA[Bunga Ayu Safitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Teddi Heriyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Saptadi Darmawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 34 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2016.34.2.111-125
<![CDATA[In the forest products field, the nano technology that can be developed is among others nano carbon derived from lignocellulosic stuffs. In relevant, this paper observes information and technology on the charcoal processing from lignocellulosic stuffs into nano carbon. The lignocellulosic stuffs used in this research consisted of teak wood, further carbonized into charcoal at 400-500 C using drum kiln and then purified by re-carbonizing it at 800 C for 60 minutes by using steam and sodium hydroxide (KOH) 15% as activation agent. Prior to purification, the charcoal sustained the doping (intercalation) process with Nicel and re-carbonize again at 900 C for 60 minutes. The qualities and structure of all the resulting carbon were evaluated using nano scale device pyrolysis-gas chromatography mass spectrophotomtry (PyGCMS), scanning electron microscope-energy disverse spectrophotometry (SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and examined as well of their dielectric characteristics. Result show charcoal was examined of its physical and chemical properties. Manufacture of biosensor by using molecularly imprinted polimer (MIP) system based on carbon paste and optimizing. Results show that nano carbon from lignocellulose can be made for biosensor with MIP system. Optimized formulation were mixed with15% MIP, 45% carbon and 40% parafine with nernst factor of 49 mV/decade and limit detection of 1.02x10-6 M at pH4.]]>
<![CDATA[PENENTUAN DAN APLIKASI FORMULA PEREKAT NABATI DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI PADA LAMINASI KAYU JABON ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdurachman]]>;
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Rohmah Pari]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 39 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2021.39.2.99-105
<![CDATA[The domestic need for phenolic-based wood adhesives is high, but the material is currently imported, then altenative adhesivesare needed. This paper studies the characteristics of mahogany tannins and effective formulation of alternative adhesives made frommahogany bark extracts of mixture tapioca flour and industrial flour as extender applied to composite or glued products. The barkof mahogany was cut to the size of 2 cm x 1 cm x 0.1 cm, extracted with hot water (70–80°C) with a ratio of 1:3 (w/w,material/water) for 3 hours with two repetitions. After extraction product was filtered, and the filtrate was copolymerized usingresorcinol and formaldehyde under alkaline and room temperature conditions to produce resin tannin resorcinol formaldehyde(TRF). The blend of tapioca flour and industrial flour (1:1, w/w) as an extender was used in the TRF application to manufacturecomposite products. The results showed that this mahogany bark liquid extract could be copolymerized to form a resin which thenapplied as a wood adhesive in a cold pressing process. The optimum adhesive formula was a mixture of 0.25 mol of resorcinol and1-mol formaldehyde, with a 15% extender, and a catalyst (NaOH 40%) of 4% of the total weight of the adhesive formulation.The characteristics of mahogany tannin adhesives resemble those of the exterior type phenolic group.]]>
<![CDATA[KUALITAS KAYU LAMINASI DENGAN PEREKAT TANIN DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI ]]>
<![CDATA[Adi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Efrida Basri]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamal Balfas]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol. 38 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[BRIN Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2020.38.3.151-160
<![CDATA[Chemical components of polyphenols extraction products from mahogany wood (Swietenia macrophylla) andcopolymerized with resorcinol and formaldehyde in alkaline condition, resulting in a resin that can be used as an adhesive.This paper presents the use of tannin from mahogany bark extract copolymer as laminated wood adhesives. Researchmethods include adhesive formulations, testing of the physical-chemical properties of adhesives, manufacture and qualitytesting of the laminated products, and data analysis. The treatments imposed in this study were adhesive formulations,wood species used as raw materials, and types of products made. The results show that the copolymerized tannin extractfrom mahogany bark could be used as an adhesive in making laminated wood beams (glulam) and laminated boardsof the three wood species i.e. tusam (Pinus merkusii), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), and sengon (Falcatariamoluccana). The bonding quality and mechanical properties of both types of laminated products were comparable withthose of similar products glued with the imported exterior adhesive with low formaldehyde emission, and classified as F** or F *** with the adhesive ratio of T:R:F = (1:0.025:0.1)%, and T:K:F = (1:0.03:0.1)%.]]>
