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Budi Susetyo
Departemen Pendidikan Khusus, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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Fragmented AI Adoption in Indonesian Special Education: An Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model for Differentiated Instruction in Intellectual Disability Contexts Ajeng Suryani; Budi Susetyo; Iding Tarsidi; Hana Qurrotul Uyun; Mennatallah Elsabagh
Jurnal Kependidikan : Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran, dan Pembelajaran Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jk.v12i2.20277

Abstract

This study aims to investigate patterns of AI utilization for students with intellectual disabilities and develop the Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model (AMLIM) as a conceptual framework for integrating AI into differentiated instruction practices for students with intellectual disabilities in Indonesia. Using a qualitative-dominant mixed-methods design, this study combines systematic literature synthesis and survey data from 80 special education teachers from public and private special schools across multiple provinces in Indonesia, predominantly West Java and South Sumatra. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic synthesis. Results show that 81.5% of teachers perceived AI as beneficial for instructional material development, but only 30.9% had received formal AI-related training, while 85.2% relied primarily on social media for AI-related knowledge. Although 64.2% adapted AI-generated materials to students’ individual needs, implementation remains fragmented and concentrated in instructional preparation rather than systematic assessment and documentation. To address these limitations, this study proposes the Adaptive Multi-Layer Iterative Model (AMLIM), a feedback-based framework integrating pedagogical processes, adaptive personalization, assessment documentation, and governance structures. The model promotes a more systematic, documented, and accountable approach to AI-supported differentiated instruction in special education.
Co-Authors Agus Gumilar Ahsen Yılmaz Ai Nur Solihat Aileen Carol Ajeng Suryani Al Husaeni, Dwi Fitria Andily Aprilia Rahmawati Anelia Muanis Anira Zakiyyah Febrianti Annisaa Pertiwi Atma Widia Budi, Setia Burhan Hambali Dadang Dahlan Dhea Lutvia Diana Shanty Dikdik Mantera Wiguna Dira Rosalia Nurkholifah Dirham Gumawang Andipurnama Ediyanto Eka Yuli Astuti Elsa Efrina Elvina Hapsari Endang Rochyadi, Endang Endang Rusyani Ezza Mad Baguri Fadly Halim Hutasuhut Fauzia Nur Awaliah Febianty Diane Suherman Fizky Rizki Oktavi Friska Aprilia Sidiq Galih Gustiana Wijaya Hana Qurrotul Uyun Herlina Hasan Hernawati, Tati Hilmi Maulid Datul Hasanah Homdijah, Oom Sitti Ia Salsabila Iding Tarsidi Ila Kamila Imas Diana Aprilia Indah Auliya Muchtar Ira Ocktavia Siagian Juhanaini Juhanaini Kiki Rezkiani Kusnendi Kusnendi ma'mun, Amung Mega Sri Warahmah Meggy, Hendriano Mennatallah Elsabagh Muhamad Alby Muhammad Rijaal Qurrota A'yuni Nadia Syifa Azzahra Naila Cynthia Fajrin Neni Meiyani Oom Sitti Homdijah Ragadhita, Risti Rahmahtrisilvia Rahmahtrisilvia Ranti Novianti Riksma Nurahmi Akhlan Riksma Nurahmi Rinalti Akhlan Riksma Nurrahmi Rinalti Akhlan Rina Maryanti Rio Putra Utama Rizki Cahya Iskandar Rizki Ramadhana Rizki Ramadhana Rodame Samosir S. Sunardi Safaruddin Safaruddin Salma Nadiyah Salma Nadiyah Shafira Indah Koeswardianie Shintiya Erni Karyana Silmi Ridwan Putri Siti Annnoora Niroha Pulungan Siti Rokhmah Sobariah Sri Rahayu Sunardi Sunardi Sunardi Tukimin Susilawati, Sinta Yuni Syabila Putri Tazkiya Indah Fadila Tiara Salshabilla Rafa Tri Purwanti Wina Try Saptari Winny Cahyani Aulia Wiwi Siswaningsih Yanti Lisnawati Yoga Budhi Santoso Yoga Budhi Santoso Yoga Hadia Sukma Yuni Fitriani Yusi Adetia Putri Yusuf Hidayat Zakiyah Pujiastuti