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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Dasar Statistika Journal of Oceanography Jurnal Gaussian Novum : Jurnal Hukum Jurnal Statistika Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang Dia: Jurnal Administrasi Publik The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Seminar Nasional Variansi (Venue Artikulasi-Riset, Inovasi, Resonansi-Teori, dan Aplikasi Statistika) Bina Hukum Lingkungan KOMPUTA : Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer dan Informatika Komputasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komputer dan Matematika Jurnal Surya Kencana Satu : Dinamika Masalah Hukum dan Keadilan JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Jurnal Darma Agung Legal Spirit MESA (Teknik Mesin, Teknik Elektro, Teknik Sipil, Teknik Arsitektur) Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Jurnal Idea Hukum Journal of Applied Data Sciences Indonesian Journal of Librarianship Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Decode: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi KARYA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa Bina Hukum Lingkungan Deposisi: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Mediasas : Media Ilmu Syari'ah dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah Informasi interaktif : jurnal informatika dan teknologi informasi
Arief Rachman Hakim
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Religion Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Journal of Applied Data Sciences

 1 
Lightweight Brain Tumor Classification with Histogram Oriented Gradients (HOG) Features and Class-Weighted Support Vector Machine (SVM) Warsito, Budi; Fadhilah, Husni; Kartikasari, Puspita; Hakim, Arief Rachman
Journal of Applied Data Sciences Vol 7, No 1: January 2026
Publisher : Bright Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47738/jads.v7i1.1018

Abstract

Early detection of brain tumors via MRI is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study investigates a lightweight machine learning approach for multiclass brain tumor classification (glioma, meningioma, pituitary tumor, or no tumor) using Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for feature extraction and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. This study utilizes the public Brain Tumor Classification MRI Kaggle dataset, consisting of 2870 training and 394 testing MRI images across four classes. After converting the MRIs to grayscale and resizing them to 16×16 pixels, this study extracts HOG features and applies Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to retain 98% of the variance. An SVM is then trained with a GridSearchCV-optimized kernel and hyperparameters, and a custom class-weighted variant is compared. The best model, a polynomial-kernel SVM with custom class weights, achieved 91.8% test accuracy (95% CI (confidence interval): 90.9-92.7) with an F1-score of 0.919 ± 0.01, outperforming the best unweighted SVM (accuracy 86.0% ± 0.02, F1≈0.847). These results demonstrate that HOG+SVM, with proper weighting for class imbalance, can effectively classify brain tumors on small datasets at low computational cost. The novelty of this work lies in demonstrating that an optimized, class-weighted SVM leveraging compact HOG-PCA features can deliver over 91.8% accuracy with strong generalization on small-scale MRI data, providing a viable and interpretable alternative to complex Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models. Future work can explore CNN and hybrid feature fusion to improve accuracy and generalization further.
Co-Authors Abdul Hoyyi Afrianda, Charlina Retno Puteri Ahdi, Iwal Reza Alan Prahutama Aliansa, Wahyu Aljabar, Muhammad Isa Almuharrom, Fazar Ambarini , Shera Tri Aselina Pratidina Wrediningsih Asep Saepulrohman Baihaqi, Wiga Maulana Budi Warsito Budi Warsito Chiputra, Dhimas Wahyu Deden Ardiansyah Di Asih I Maruddani Dias Ayu Budi Utami, Dias Ayu Budi Djanggan Sargowo Dwi Agung Prasetyo, Dwi Agung Dwi Ispriyanti Dzikra, Fathiyyah Yolianda Endang Fatmawati Ermin Rachmawati Faadillah, Muhamad Nabil Fadhilah, Husni Fernandes Simangunsong, Fernandes Frengki, Muhammad Handirosiyanto, Ikhwan Hasbi Yasin Hasbi Yasin Herawati, Chania Putri Agustin Hermawan, Regita Cahyaningtyas Indratmoko, Daryll Alessandro Irma Damayanti Ismail, Mahrus Iut Tri Utami Jannah, Berliana Khomarudin Gilang Ramadhan Kosasih, Deny Poniman Leonardo Benito Maspaitella Lusi Agus Setiani Maulana, Syafiq Moch. Abdul Mukid Murdahayu Makmur Nanda Eka Prasetya Navydien, Miliarni Deida Novaria, Rachmawati Nurramadhan, Fadli Olandina Cahyani P Palupi, Aisyah Anudya Pinareswati, Shafira Tri Pinggala , Waode Prasetya , Syalaizha Febtria Putri Prastiawan, Andi Prastyadi Wibawa Rahayu Pratiwi, Yulita Dwi Puspita Kartikasari Puspitasari, Alvina Puspitasari, Rizki Dian Ridho, Wahyu Anwar riskiyah, Riskiyah - Riyan Hadithya Rizal Firmansyah Saputra, Indra Wahyu Sinambela, Nadiyah Hafidah Sisca Novalia Subarkah, Pungkas Sugiastari, Yuanita Putri Sugito Sugito sukristyanto, Agus Suparti Suparti Syahrir Syahrir Tarsadi, Tarsadi Triastuti Wuryandari Ul Haq, Hasna Faridah Dhiya Utomo, Khesya Khusnul Fadhilah Vella Septia Renanda Wardhani, Syanindita Puspa Yeremia, Dennis Yuciana Wilandari Yundari, Yundari Yunita Pipiet Sugandhi Zulkarnain, Steven Agilo