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All Journal Reaktor Rekayasa Mesin Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat RELE: Rekayasa Elektrikal dan Energi Jurnal Teknik Elektro Jurnal Abdi: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat MOTIVECTION : Journal of Mechanical, Electrical and Industrial Engineering Malikussaleh Journal of Mechanical Science Technology Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, and Technology Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal Makara Journal of Technology Jurnal Fokus Elektroda (Energi Listrik, Telekomunikasi, Komputer, Elektronika dan Kendali) Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Jurnal Malikussaleh Mengabdi Jurnal Polimesin Journal Serambi Engineering (JSE) Jurnal Solusi Masyarakat Dikara JURNAL REKAYASA KIMIA & LINGKUNGAN Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Proceedings of International Conference on Multidisciplinary Engineering (ICOMDEN) Proceedings of Malikussaleh International Conference on Multidisciplinary Studies (MICoMS) Jurnal Hurriah: Jurnal Evaluasi Pendidikan dan Penelitian
Adi Setiawan
Universitas Malikussaleh
Religion Aerospace Engineering Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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 1 
Modification of Cuttlefish Bone-Derived CaO Catalyst via SrO Impregnation for Optimizing the Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil into Biodiesel Cut Rahmah Saputri; Muhammad Muhammad; Adi Setiawan
Reaktor Volume 25 No.3 December 2025
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.25.3.116-123

Abstract

This study investigates the utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) as a biodiesel feedstock using a heterogeneous catalyst derived from cuttlefish bone. The catalyst was modified via Sr(NO₃)₂ impregnation at different composition ratios (98:2, 95:5, and 90:10 % w/v) to produce CaO–SrO catalysts, followed by chemical activation with NaOH (2, 4, and 6 g). Catalyst characterization was conducted using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM–EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to examine surface morphology, elemental distribution, and crystalline phases. The results indicate that the catalyst with a 90:10 CaO–SrO composition and 6 g NaOH activation (C90S10–N6) exhibited the most homogeneous surface morphology, uniform Sr dispersion, and enhanced phase stability. Transesterification of WCO under a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, catalyst loading of 1 wt%, and reaction time of 2 h resulted in a biodiesel yield of 95.5%. The produced biodiesel showed a density of 0.87 g/mL, water content of 0.64%, calorific value of 38.52 MJ/kg, and a reduction in free fatty acid (FFA) content from 2.84% to 1.71%. These findings demonstrate that SrO-modified CaO catalysts derived from cuttlefish bone are effective, sustainable, and economically viable for enhancing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil.
Preparation of Bio-Oil and Biochar through Co-Pyrolysis of Pennisetum purpureum and HDPE Plastic Waste at Various Feedstock Ratios and Temperatures Asfihani Asfihani; Azhari Azhari; Adi Setiawan
Reaktor Volume 26 No.1 April 2026
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.80547

Abstract

This study investigates the co-pyrolysis process of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and HDPE plastic waste and evaluates the properties of the resulting bio-oil and biochar. The process was conducted in a pilot-scale reactor under a nitrogen atmosphere using a two-stage heating scheme at 300°C and 450°C, with biomass–HDPE weight ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 75:25, 60:40, and 50:50. The method used in this work includes product yield analysis, thermophysical characterization, GC–MS-based chemical composition analysis, and ANOVA statistical validation to determine the optimum conditions for Pennisetum purpureum–HDPE co-pyrolysis process. The results indicate that the addition of HDPE does not increase the absolute yield of bio-oil but significantly enhances its energy quality. The calorific value of the bio-oil increased from 10,579 cal/g for pure biomass to a maximum of 12,029 cal/g at a 75:25 biomass–HDPE weight ratio, accompanied by a compositional shift from oxygenated compounds toward the dominance of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and medium- to long-chain hydrocarbons. At the same ratio, biochar achieved the highest yield (44.93% w/w) while maintaining characteristics suitable for energy applications. These findings identify the 75:25 biomass–HDPE ratio as the optimum condition based on both experimental and statistical evidence, and demonstrate that biomass–HDPE co-pyrolysis is an effective strategy for waste utilization and for enhancing the quality of renewable energy products.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahman Abubakar Dabet Abubakar Dabet Adi Pangestu, Rangga Adinda Desrina Agam Muarif Ahmad Fikri Ahmad Nayan Ahmadi Ahmadi Alchalil Alchalil Alchalil Alchalil Aljufri Aljufri Almia Permata Putri Andrian Sulaiman Aris Abizar Armadani, Wika Arnawan Hasibuan Asfihani Asfihani Ashish Shrestha Asnawi Athiyah Rana Azhar Syahputra Azhar Syahputra Azhari Azhari Azis, Andy Baidhawi Baidhawi Chalisna Wildani Cut Rahmah Saputri Cut Riski Milya Cut Yuliani Sari cut Deassy Siska Dicky Risky Dirga, Muhammad Fadhillah Dandy Satrio Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Faisal Fajriana, Mona Fauzan Firman Karim Gunawati Gunawati Gunawati GUNAWATI, GUNAWATI H Hendrival Hadi Hosseiniamoli Hagi Radian Hermawan, Yuda Hosseiniamoli, Hadi Ichsan Alwi Nasution Indah Ayu Pertiwi Ishak Ishak Islami Fatwa Islami Fatwa Jain, Vishal Jufrizal Ismail Jumadi Rusli Juwaini Khairil Khairil Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khairul Anshar Khan, Naseer A. Kurniawan Kurniawan Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Luthfi Luthfi Maizuar Maizuar Martunis Mawaddah Mawaddah Mawaddah Mawaddah, Mawaddah Mohammad Heikal Muhammad Arif Muhammad Arif Muhammad Daud Muhammad Dirga Muhammad Ishak Idrus Panjaitan Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Muhammad Nuzan Rizki Muhammad Rizqi Almuhtadee Muhammad Sayuthi MUHAMMAD YUSUF Muhammad Yusuf Muhammad Yusuf Muhammad, M Mulkia Farhan Mulyawan, Rizka Nani Siska Putri Khan Naseer A. Khan Nurmalita Nurmalita Nurul Islami, Nurul Ochitria Cintia Br. Simajuntak Panji Aji Riha Wijayanto Putra, Reza Putri Anjali Safina Putri, Almia Permata Raihan, Raudhatul Raudhatul Raihan Renno Kamal Putra Revi Syarlian Ridara, Rina Rifanida Rifanida Rina Ridara Rio Rangga Yudha Saragih Riskina, Shafira Riza Andriani Riza Andriani Rizka Mulyawan Rizky Iskandar Rizqon Hasibuan Robi Kurniawan Rozanna Dewi Shafira Riskina Shafira Riskina Shafira Riskina Shrestha, Ashish Simanjuntak, Ochitria Cintia Br Sinaga, Willy Musa Pernando Siregar, Widyana Verawaty Siti Nurjannah Siti Nurjannah Sri Setiawaty Sri Widia Santika Subhan A Gani Suhardi Makmur Suhardi Makmur Suryadi Suryadi Syahputri, Riana Syamsul Bahri Taufiq Taufiq Tri Waluyo Umar Ramadhan Siregar Vishal Jain Wahyu Sepriawantama Widyana Verawaty Siregar Wika Armadani Wusnah Wusnah, Wusnah Yasir Amani Yogi Arieandi Yuda Hermawan Z Zulfahmi Zainuddin Ginting Zainuddin Ginting Zulfaini Zulfaini Zulfikar Hasibuan Zulmiardi, Zulmiardi Zulnazri, Z