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Sri Wahyuni
Universitas Negeri Makassar
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Social Sciences Other

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Pemanfaatan Radioisotop dalam Diagnosis Medis: Tinjauan Fisika Inti terhadap Akurasi dan Efektivitas Diagnostik Medis Sri Wahyuni; Miftahul Jannah
Pinisi: Physics Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2026): Pinisi: Physics Journal
Publisher : Physics Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/ppj.v2i1.12552

Abstract

Nuclear physics has contributed significantly to modern medicine, particularly through the use of radioisotopes in medical diagnosis. Radioisotopes such as Tc-99m, F-18, I-131, and Ga-68 are widely applied in imaging modalities including Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), enabling non-invasive visualization of physiological processes at the molecular level. This literature review examines the physical principles underlying radioisotope production and decay, their pharmacokinetics in the human body, as well as the accuracy and clinical effectiveness of radioisotope-based diagnostic techniques. Analysis of 17 selected journal articles indicates that PET imaging using F-18-FDG achieves diagnostic sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% for oncological applications, while Tc-99m SPECT demonstrates high reliability for cardiac and neurological assessments. However, key challenges remain including radiation exposure management, cost of cyclotron-produced radioisotopes, and limited generator availability in developing countries. The review concludes that continued advances in detector technology, radiopharmaceutical design, and image reconstruction algorithms are critical to improving the diagnostic accuracy and expanding access to nuclear medicine.
Co-Authors A. Nidaul Magvira Nasrun Abdul Hakim Abdul Rijal Abdul Saman Ahlun Ansar Ahmad Faris Al Faruq Ahmad Yasser Andi Fatimah Arifin Manggau, Arifin Aris Munandar Dunakhir, Samirah Eva Meizara Puspita Dewi Fadhlirrahman Baso Fahmi Surya Abdi Fajriani Azis Farida Febriati Fatimah Hidayahni Amin Hajrah Hajrah Hasriani G Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Ilham Taufik Khaeruddin, Khaeruddin Laila Qadriany Saputri Marsella Marsella Miftahul Jannah Misnawaty Usman Muh Nasrullah, Muh Muh. Azis Muh. Darwis Muh. Isnain Abd. Wafi Muhammad Arsyad Muhammad Yahya Nasir Nasir Nur Aeni Nur Inayah Idil Nurhusna Nurhusna R., Mantasiah Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmania Rahmania Rizki Herdiani Saud, Syukur Selpi Sirajuddin Saleh Sitti Habibah Sri Esti Utami St Walfadillah Syarifuddin Dollah Tri Ambarwati Udin Sidik Sidin Wahyu Kurniati Asri Wanda Sari HS Wilda Inaya Syafdwi Yulinda Melyani Faisal Zulhajji Zulhajji, Zulhajji