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All Journal Jurnal Veteriner PAUD Teratai Microbiology Indonesia Medical Journal of Indonesia The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Jurnal Kesehatan The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Makara Journal of Science MEDICINUS The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Anis Karuniawati

Departemen Mikrobiologi Klinik, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia – RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta

Author-ID : 296486

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Veterinary

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Efficacy of Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate pcDNA3.1-rpfB in Inhibiting the Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis In Vitro with Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay Pujilestari, Ratih; Rukmana, Andriansjah; Karuniawati, Anis
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 26, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against TB, and it is effective in children but not in adults. The Vaccine Research Team, Department of Microbiology FKUI has developed a DNA-based TB vaccine candidate pcDNA3.1-rpfB. This candidate induces immune responses in mice, but its potency is unknown. The gold standard for potency testing of TB vaccine is the challenge method. The BSL3 animal laboratory for the challenge method is currently unavailable at FKUI. Therefore, mycobacterial growth inhibition assay (MGIA) was used as a preliminary test before the in vivo challenge test was conducted. The principle of MGIA is to reculture Mtb in a Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGITTM) from co-cultured Mtb with mammalian cells that have been previously treated with pcDNA3.1-rpfB, pcDNA3.1 (negative control), and BCG (positive control). MGITTM shows the time to positivity, which is the time that has lapsed until a positive growth of Mtb is detected. In addition, measurements of interferon (IFN)γ levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were carried out. This study concluded that pcDNA3.1-rpfB can inhibit the growth of Mtb in vitro and showed no statistical difference from BCG. The IFNγ levels from co-culturing did not correlate with the level of inhibition of the growth of Mtb in vitro.

Microscopic Examination of Fecal Leukocytes as a Simple Method to Detect Infective Colitis in Children Nuraini I Susanti; Reynaldo Reynaldo; Aria Kekalih; Anis Karuniawati; Badriul Hegar
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 18, No 2 (2017): VOLUME 18, NUMBER 2, AUGUST 2017
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Background: Various pathogenic bacteria are reported as the cause of infectious colitis in children. Infectious colitis does not have a specific sign, therefore an accurate examination is required. The implementation of fecal cultures accompanied with drug resistance tests often have constraints, beside the relatively expensive costs, longer times are needed, and not all health care facilities have required instruments. On the other hand, this condition requires an immediate antibiotic therapy, so that the infection should not be continued. In daily practice, it is not uncommon to find diarrhea with the amount of fecal leukocyte 10/hpf with pathogenic bacteria on the examination of the fecal culture.Method: Cross-sectional study was conducted to observe the pattern of bacterial distribution in children’s fecal who have acute diarrhea and the correlation between the existence of pathogenic bacteria and the number of leukocytes in the fecal, as well as antibiotic resistance patterns. The population of this study is children with age of 6 months old - 18 years old who were suffering from acute diarrhea with the amount of fecal leucocyte ≥ 5/hpf, who recruited from polyclinic or patient admitted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Fatmawati General Hospital, Jakarta.Results: Based on examinations of fecal cultures and PCR, Salmonella sp and C. dificille were found subsequently in 2 children (33.3%), Enterophatogenic E. Coli(EPEC) and Shigella were found subsequently in 1 child (16.7%). Based on the ROC curve, it was found that there was no intersection of maximum and minimal leukocyte value with the midline, whereas the best sensitivity and specificity value was found at the cut-off point of 8.5, hence the cut-off point of leukocytes was determined at 8 and 8. The sensitivity value was 83.3% and the specificity value was 45.1%.Conclusion: The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that one child infected by EPEC was sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Two children infected by Salmonella, were still sensitive to chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, cefixime, and ceftriaxone. Two children infected by C. Difficile were sensitive to ceftriaxone, and 1 child infected by Shigella was sensitive to cefixime, ceftriaxone and ciprofloksazine.

Antimicrobial activity of homemade WHO ethanol-based hand rub solution in pediatric department, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital Nina Dwi Putri; Hindra Irawan Satari; Mulya Rahma Karyanti; Ari Prayitno; Pratama Wicaksana; Anis Karuniawati; Delly Chipta Lestari; Nabila Maudy Salma; Shindy Claudya Aprianti; Amalia Almira; Andi Annisa Rusyda Khafiyani
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 62 No 4 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/pi62.4.2022.232-6

Background Hand hygiene is essential in reducing healthcare-associated infections. Alcohol-based hand rub solutions have been reported to have superior antimicrobial efficacy on both bacteria and lipophilic viruses compared to washing with hand soap. In low- and middle-income countries, the cost of infection control poses a challenge. Our hospital produced an ethanol-based hand rub based on a WHO formulation to reduce the infection prevention costs. Objectives To identify the antimicrobial activity of a WHO ethanol-based hand rub solution against bacterial contamination on the hands of healthcare workers at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on the hands of healthcare workers (physicians and nurses) working in the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Jakarta. A total of 225 specimens from 75 subjects were obtained by collecting swabs on both hands before and after participants worked in the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Bacterial culture tests were performed to identify gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria were grouped into no-growth/Bacillus sp, Enterobacteriaceae, cocci, and non-fermenter groups. Results The use of our WHO ethanol-based hand rub solution, generally resulted in a statistically significant decrease in bacterial growth from 84 to 54.6%, before compared to after the hand rub was performed. In more detail, there was a 72.7% decrease in Enterobacteriaceae, a 71.4% decrease in non-fermenters, an 8.6% decrease in cocci and a 44.1% increase in the number of specimens showing no growth bacteria/Bacillus sp. Conclusion Our WHO ethanol-based hand rub has significant antimicrobial activity for common nosocomial pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae).

DETEKSI BRUCELOSIS PADA SUSU SAPI DENGAN UJI POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) Susan M. Noor; Pratiwi Sudharmono; Asmarani Kusumawati; Anis Karuniawati
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 9, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi brucelosis pada sampel susu sapi dengan uji polymerase chain reaction (PCR) dan membandingkan tingkatsensitivitas dan spesifisitasnya dengan metode milk ring test (MRT). Sebanyak 24 sampel susu sapi yang dikoleksi secara aseptik dari lapang diuji PCR dan MRT. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa 79,17% (19/24) sampel susu positif brucelosis dengan uji PCR dan 83,33% (20/24) dengan uji MRT. Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas PCR mendeteksi brucelosis masing-masing sebesar 75 dan 100% dibandingkan dengan uji MRT.

The Role of Clinical Sign and The Added Value of Procalcitonin in Determining The Existance of Infection in The Treated Diabetic Foot Ulcer Aswar, Andra; Yunir, Em; Karuniawati, Anis; Harimurti, Kuntjoro
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 5, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Correlation between Proper Antibiotics Administration to Community Acquired Pneumonia Patients Based on Alur Gyssens with Clinical Response Rumende, Cleopas Martin; Chen, Lie Khie; Karuniawati, Anis; Bratanata, Joyce; Falasiva, Rezyta; Sitorus, Truly Panca; Susanto, Erwin Christian
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 6, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Introduction. The proper of antibiotics treatment will increase the improvement of the patient with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and also counteract antimicrobial resistance. Community-Acquired Pneumonia is commonly found in Indonesia with an incidence of 2.4%. This study aimed to determine the proper of antibiotic selection for CAP based on IDSA-ATS 2007 guidelines with Gyssens method and evaluate the relationship between the proper of antibiotic treatment with the clinical response of patients. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with secondary data from the previous study. Study was conducted in three hospitals in Jakarta, namely Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Budhi Asih Hospital, and Gatot Subroto Hospital between September 2016 and November 2017. Results. From 151 patients, the appropriate of the first antibiotic treatment, including category 0 and 1 was found in 38 patients (25.2%), while for inappropriate one (category II-V) was in 113 patients (74.8%) mainly due too short antibiotic treatment. For the second antibiotic given to 54 patients, appropriate treatment was found in 15 patients (9.9%). There was no correlation between the accuracy of both antibiotics treatment in CAP based on Gyssens method with clinical response of the patients (first antibiotic treatment: RR=0,970 (95% CI: 0,80 – 1,16), p=0,738; second antibiotic treatment: RR=1,194 (95% CI: 0,648 – 2,20), p=1,00). Conclusion. There was no correlation between the accuracy of antibiotics treatment in CAP based on Gyssens method with clinical response of the patients.

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF by Using Gastric Lavage Samplein The Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV Patients withSuspected Pulmonary Tuberculosis Mboeik, Manuel Lamberto Willem; Pitoyo, Ceva Wicaksono; Karjadi, Teguh Harjono; Karuniawati, Anis; Dewiasty, Esthika
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia Vol. 5, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Introduction. Xpert MTB/RIF test on gastric lavage sample may improve pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) case finding, but its performance as a diagnostic test for pulmonary TB in HIV-infected adults patients has not been studied widely, including in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the performance of the Xpert MTB/RIF test in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis 30 | Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia | Vol. 5, No. 1 | Maret 2018 Manuel Lamberto Willem Mboeik, Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo, Teguh Harjono Karjadi, Anis Karuniawati, Esthika Dewiasty among HIV-infected adult patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis by using gastric lavage sample. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult HIV-infected patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital Jakarta between February 2016 and June 2017. Gastric lavage sample and sputum sample collection were performed for Xpert MTB/RIF test and acif fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination. Results. Among total of 117 subjects, 81 (69,2%) subjects were unable to expectorate sputum. M tuberculosis was detected on Xpert MTB/RIF using gastric lavage samples in 34 (29,1%) subjects, AFB in 4 of 36 sputum samples and 2 of 117 gastric lavage samples. The drug sensitivity test on all 34 Xpert MTB/RIF positive subjects showed no rifampicin resistance. Fifty-one (43.6%) subjects were diagnosed as clinical pulmonary tuberculosis, 26 subjects among them were positive on Xpert MTB/ RIF assay, 4 subjects were smear sputum positive and 1 subject was gastric lavage smear positive. Using clinical diagnosis of pulmonary TB as gold standard, a single Xpert MTB/RIF assay using gastric lavage sample showed sensitivity of 50.98% (95% CI: 36.6-65.25), specificity 87.88% (95% CI: 77,1-94,62), positive predictive value 76,47% (95%CI: 61,67-86,78) and negative predictive value 69,88% (95% CI: 63,36-75.68). Conclusion. Xpert MTB/RIF performed on gastric lavage samples showed sensitivity of 50.98% and specificity 87.88% in clinical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Modified Slide Culture Method for Faster and Easier Identification of Dermatophytes YEVA ROSANA; TETSUHIRO MATSUZAWA; TOHRU GONOI; ANIS KARUNIAWATI
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Basic slide culture as a morphological identification was known as the most common method for the identification of pathogenic mold fungi. This method preserved the morphological features relatively undisturbed compared with adhesive tape preparations. However, it was necessary to modify method of basic slide culture to improve its usability and shorten the time it needed to identify mold fungi. There were four kinds of method carried out in this study; two kinds of modified slide culture, one kind of direct culture on slant agar plate, and a basic slide culture for identifying mold fungi, which result would be compared with each other. These four methods were tested to 4 species of dermatophytes which were known as mold fungi that could infect skin, hair, and nails in human; those were Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. Result of this study showed that both modified slide culture and direct culture on slant agar plate could visualize the structure of dermatophytes faster than basic slide culture method. These methods were also easier to prepare compared to basic culture method. Conclusion of this study showed that basic slide culture method needed to be modified for better identification of mold fungi.

Comparison of Microbial Pattern Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Female Out- and Hospitalized Patients in Jakarta YEVA ROSANA; DWIANA OCVIYANTI; ANIS KARUNIAWATI; SYADZA RHIZKY PUTRI AKHMAD
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system. Women are 3 times more likely to have UTI than men. The UTI accounts for 15% infection cases in outpatients and 24% cases in hospitalized patients. Although the most common cause of UTI is certain bacteria, but it was not easy to choose the appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Strategy for choosing empiric antimicrobial treatments for UTI in female out- and hospitalized patients should be based on the pattern of the causative organisms. The aim of this study was to understand the microbial pattern causing UTI in female out- and hospitalized patients in Jakarta. The UTI -1 causative microorganisms were obtained from urine culture containing 100,000 cfu/mL . Twenty nine microorganisms were found as the causative agents of UTI in 317 pregnant women who came to six Community Health Centres (Puskesmas) in Jakarta: Makassar; Pulogadung, Cakung, Pasar Rebo, Duren Sawit, and Kramat Jati for antenatal care. Twenty nine microorganisms were isolated from 114 urine samples of female hospitalized patients who were diagnosed of UTI. The samples were obtained from the Microbiology Laboratory Clinic of FKUI-RSCM. The most common microorganisms causing UTI in female out- and hospitalized patients were Gram negative bacteria. In female outpatients, Klebsiella sp was the most common causative bacteria (31%), followed by Escherichia coli (24.1%). In female hospitalized patients, Escherichia coli was the most common causative bacteria (30%), followed by Candida sp (24.1%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (6.8%). There was more variation in the pattern of UTI causative organisms in hospitalized female patients in comparison to that of the outpatients. Candida sp. was only found in hospitalized UTI patients but not in outpatients.

The qPCR Assay for Detecting The Presence and Relative Abundance of Pseudomonas aerugionosa and Antibiotic Resistance Gene aadA2 in Hospital Wastewater of National Reference Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Rida Tiffarent; Rosdiana Irawati; Conny Riana Tjampakasari; Fithriyah Sjatha; Windi Muziasari; Anis Karuniawati
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the top 10 global health threats. The hospital wastewater (HWW) potentially becomes the reservoir and dissemination of antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) and bacterial pathogens. In Indonesia, the protocol to monitor the ARGs form HWW has not been established. This study aimed to detect the presence and find the relative abundance of P. aeruginosa and aadA2 genes from Dr. RSUPN. Cipto Mangungkusumo (RSCM) inlet and outlet wastewater through qPCR assay. The primers used were supported by Resistomap. The study revealed that the qPCR assay was able to detect the Ct value of P. aeruginosa and aadA2. The aadA2 gene was found in all waste water samples, meanwhile P. aeruginosa was only found in some of inlet samples. aadA2 had the highest relative abundance and this geneâ€™s mobility uses plasmids and integrons that potentially enhance the acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanism. This study implicated that qPCR assay was capable to detect pathogenic bacteria and ARG, and ARG could be released to the environment even though the wastewater samples have been proceeded in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The qPCR assay can be used as the method to monitor the AMR status in a hospital and the spreading potency to the environment using the HWW.

Co-Authors . Andriansjah Ade Dharmawan Amalia Almira Amarila Malik Amin Soebandrio Andi Annisa Rusyda Khafiyani Andi Yasmon Andra Aswar Andra Aswar, Andra Angky Budianti Anwar S. Ibrahim Aprilia Rakhmawati Ardiana Kusumaningrum Ari Fahrial Syam Ari Prayitno Aria Kekalih Aryo Tedjo Asmarani Kusumawati Augustine Natasha Aulia Rizki Bachti Alisyahbana Badriul Hegar Badriul Hegar Bambang Madiyono Burhanuddin Iskandar Ceva W. Pitoyo Chairunissa T. Rizal Cleopas Martin Rumende Cleopas Martin Rumende Delly Chipta Lestari Delly Chipta Lestari Delly Chipta Lestari Delly Chipta Lestari Delly Chipta Lestari Dimas Seto Prasetyo Dwiana Ocviyanti E. Risdiyani Em Yunir Em Yunir, Em Erwin Christian Susanto Esthika Dewiasty Esthika Dewiasty, Esthika Falasiva, Rezyta Fariz Nurwidya Febrianti, Tati Febriyana, Dwi Futihati Ruhama Zulfa Gestina Aliska Gortap Sihotang Hana Paraswati Putri Handaya, Adeodatus Y. Hindra Irawan Satari Hindra Irawan Satari Ida Parwati Ika Ningsih Indah S. Widyahening Iswanto, J. Joyce Bratanata Joyce Bratanata, Joyce Kambang Sariadji Khie Chen Kuntjoro Harimurti Lalisang, Toar JM. Linosefa Linosefa Manuel Lamberto Willem Mboeik Martin Hartiningsih Mboeik, Manuel Lamberto Willem Moehario, Lucky Hartati Muhammad K Azwar, Muhammad K Mulya Rahma Karyanti, Mulya Rahma Mulyadi M. Djer Muziasari, Windi Nabila Maudy Salma Nasution, Safruddin Nelly Puspandari Nie Nie Nina Dwi Putri Nuraini I Susanti Permatasari, Tri Wijayanti Pratama Wicaksana Pratiwi Pujilestari Sudarmono Pratiwi Sudharmono Prawoto Prawoto Prawoto Prawoto Pujilestari, Ratih Purwantyastuti Purwantyastuti Puspandasari, Nelly Rakhmawati, Aprilia Resti H. Lestari Reynaldo Reynaldo Reynaldo Reynaldo, Reynaldo Rezyta Falasiva Riamin Sitorus Rianto Setiabudi, Rianto Rida Tiffarent Rosdiana Irawati Rudyanto Sedono Rudyanto Sedono Rudyanto Sedono, Rudyanto S. Nilawati Santya Fatma Dewi Sari Wiraswasty Saunar, Rofy S. Shindy Claudya Aprianti Simanjuntak, Glory Gelarich Sitorus, Truly Panca SJATHA, FITHRIYAH Subari A. Riyanto Sudigdo Sastroasmoro Sukman T. Putra Sunarno Sunarno Susan M. Noor Susan Maphilindawati Noor Susanti, Nuraini I Susanti, Nuraini I Susanto, Erwin Christian Sweety Pribadi SYADZA RHIZKY PUTRI AKHMAD T. M. Sudiro Teguh Harjono Karjadi Teguh Harjono Karjadi, Teguh Harjono TETSUHIRO MATSUZAWA Thomas Robertus Tjampakasari, Conny Riana TOHRU GONOI Tony Loho Trisni U Dewi, Trisni U Truely Panca Sitorus Usman, Nurhayat Weaver, Tom Wia Melia Windi Muziasari Yefta Moenadjat Yeva Rosana Yulia R. Saharman Yulia Rosa Saharman

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