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Chairul Bariah
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PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP WARGA SIPIL SEBAGAI KORBAN PENYANDERAAN DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA DI FILIPINA MENURUT HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL Anggie Sere Sitompul; Sulaiman Hamid; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACT Protection of civilians Moro as victims of hostage in an armed conflict in the Philippines into the spotlight sharper international law. Hostage-taking carried out by MNLF result as a form of rebellion against the Central Government of the Philippines over the Government's actions which only involves the MILF in the negotiations concerning the framework of the peace with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, which was held in Malaysia in August 2013. The problems in this research are: how the act of a standoff against civilians in armed conflict viewed from humaniter international law, how a solution that can be taken in the act of a standoff civilians in the armed conflict, and how renewed efforts by the philippines in dealing with the act of a standoff civilians in the armed conflict in the government of Southern Philippines. This research is a juridical normative because the target of research is reviewing the rule of law that is related to the protection of civilians as a sacrifice captivity in armed conflict in the Philippines according to law humaniter international by using the library techniques. Data were analyzed qualitatively. Protection against civilians in armed conflict according to law humaniter international arranged in The Geneva Convention IV with Additional Protocol II and International Customs Law Humaniter.The conflict that took place in the Philippines at first due to the distinction between history and understand the Central Government of the Philippines with the separatist movements in the country, and the conflict has intensified because of the actions of the Philippines Government which judged less prudent in doing the negotiating efforts with the rebels. The legal consequences for the perpetrators of the hostage-taking of civilians in armed conflict under the law or international sanctions humaniter can be meted out to the perpetrators of the hostage-taking of civilians is given in accordance with the national law in force in each country. Keywords: Non-International Armed Conflicts, Hostage-Taking, The Moro, The Philippines, The Geneva Conventions, The Laws Of Humaniter.
ASPEK HUKUM KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN PESAWAT UDARA (STUDI KASUS BANDARA INTERNASIONAL KUALA NAMU) Puspitasari Damanik; Arif Arif; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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PENGATURAN PENERBANGAN SIPIL INTERNASIONAL MENURUT HUKUM INTERNASIONAL YANG MELINTASI ANTAR NEGARA Sudirman H. Nainggolan; Sutiarnoto Sutiarnoto; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACT SETTING THE INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL LAW ACROSS THE INTER-STATE   Civil aviation organization of international and national should refer to the norms of international and national laws that apply, to ensure the safety of passengers, crew aircraft, aircraft or goods transported. Where the implementation of civil aviation are arranged in a variety of international conventions The problem in this study is How open sky policy as air law instruments. How will the international law on state sovereignty over its territory and space in the international civil aviation settings How international law that crosses between States. This type of research used in this study is a normative legal research. Normative legal research is a research method that refers to the legal norms contained in laws and court decisions. Open sky policy as air law instruments. Open Sky Policy is an Open Skies agreement which allows air freight to make decisions in air travel capacity, pricing, and fully make liberal in the conditions of flight activity. Open sky policy (OSP) can be bilateral or multilateral. Setting international law on state sovereignty over space in the region is Article 1 of the 1944 Chicago Convention on international civil aviation, which reads: The contracting states recognize that every state complete and exclusive sovereignty over the airspace above its territory (each State bound by the Convention guarantees existing sovereign air space above its territory fully and exclusively). The setting of international civil aviation under international law that crosses between the State is Article 2 of the 1944 Chicago Convention over again explained that for the purposes of the 1944 Chicago Convention is meant State border (state territory) Keywords: Setting the International Civil Aviation
PERANAN THE UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND (UNICEF) DALAM PENANGANAN EKSPLOITASI SEKSUAL KOMERSIAL ANAK (ESKA) DI DUNIA Maharany Fitri; Chairul Bariah; Arif Arif
Journal of USU International Law Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACT Maharany Fitri* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum.** Arif, S.H., M.Hum.***  Child Commercial Sexual Exploitation is a basic violation to the rights of children. These violations consist of sexual abuse from adults and rewards in a form of money or object for the child, third parties, or other parties. Child Commercial Sexual Exploitation can take form in Child Prostitution, Early-age Marriage, Child Pornography, or even Child Sex Tourism. In Principle, International law already legislate a law about Child Commercial Sexual Exploitation. However, Child Commercial Sexual Exploitation is still a never ending problem. Therefore, UNICEF as an Organization who on the job for child benefit felt that it is their responsibility to help Nations all around the world fight Child Commercial Sexual Exploitation. Based on this, the formulations of the problem in this research are: What is the position of the child in international law? How is the protection system against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children? What are UNICEF’s roles as the international organizations in dealing with the practice of Sexual Exploitation of Children in the world? By using empirical - normative research methods, which combine normative legal approach with several empirical studies, it can be concluded that the children were in accordance with international law are those who are under 18 years old unless, under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier. Children must be protected by the government, local communities and families because they are considered weak and not aware of their rights. Article 34 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child states that State parties are obliged to protect the child from all forms of sexual exploitation. UNICEF as an international organization working in the field of children protection felt obliged to assist and cooperate with the countries all around the world to protect children from Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and eliminate them. To do so, UNICEF makes an accurate data about Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, giving help and rehabilitation for the victim of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, giving the community the right education so they can avoid Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, and also helping the government so they by law can handle Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children that happened in their country. Keyword: Children, Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children, UNICEF.  *          Law Student of University of North Sumatra **        Supervisor I ***      Supervisor II ABSTRAKSI Maharany Fitri* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum.** Arif, S.H., M.Hum.*** Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak (ESKA) merupakan sebuah pelanggaran mendasar terhadap hak-hak anak. Pelanggaran tersebut terdiri dari kekerasan seksual oleh orang dewasa dan pemberian imbalan dalam bentuk uang tunai atau barang terhadap anak, atau orang ketiga, atau orang-orang lainnya. Bentuk-bentuk dari ESKA adalah pelacuran anak, perkawinan anak, pornografi anak, atau pun pariwisata seksual anak. Peraturan hukum internasional pada prinsipnya sudah mengatur mengenai pelarangan ESKA. Akan tetapi, tetap saja ESKA tetap menjadi permasalahan masyarakat dunia yang tak kunjung usai. Maka dari itu UNICEF sebagai Organisasi Internasional yang bergerak demi kepentingan anak merasa sudah menjadi  tanggung jawabnya untuk membantu negara-negara di dunia untuk memerangi ESKA. Berdasarkan hal ini, maka rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimana kedudukan anak dalam hukum internasional? Bagaimana sistem perlindungan anak terhadap Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak? Bagaimanakah peran UNICEF selaku organisasi internasional dalam menangani praktek Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak (ESKA) di dunia? Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif-empiris, yang menggabungkan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan adanya beberapa kajian empiris, dapat disimpulkan bahwa anak yang sesuai dengan hukum internasional adalah mereka yang masih dibawah 18 tahun, kecuali berdasarkan undang-undang nasional berlaku lain. Anak sebagai golongan yang dapat dinilai lemah dan kurang menyadari tentang apa-apa saja haknya, haruslah dilindungi oleh pemerintah, masyarakat sekitar, dan keluarganya. Pasal 34 Konvensi PBB tentang Hak-Hak Anak menyatakan bahwa Pihak negara berkewajiban melindungi anak dari segala bentuk Eksploitasi Seksual. UNICEF sebagai organisasi internasional yang bekerja di bidang perlindungan anak merasa berkewajiban untuk dapat membantu dan bekerjasama dengan negara-negara yang ada di dunia untuk dapat melindungi anak dari Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak (ESKA) dan memberantasnya. Hal tersebut dilakukan UNICEF dengan cara terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk membantu  dan membuat data-data yang akurat, memberi bantuan dan rehabilitasi terhadap anak yang telah menjadi korban, memberikan pengajaran terhadap  masyarakat agar dapat mengindari ESKA, dan membantu pemerintah untuk secara hukum mampu mengangani kasus ESKA yang terjadi di negara mereka.   Kata Kunci: Anak, Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial Anak, UNICEF *          Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara **        Dosen Pembimbing I ***      Dosen Pembimbing II
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN KAPAL DAN PESAWAT UDARA ASING MELAKUKAN LINTAS DI ALUR LAUT KEPULAUAN INDONESIA Vivi Marbun; Chairul Bariah; Arif Arif
Journal of USU International Law Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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Vivi Marbun* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum** Arif, S.H., MH***   ABSTRAKSI Indonesia adalah Negara Kepulauan (Archipelagic State) terbesar di dunia.Karena sifatnya yang terbuka, maka laut juga dianggap sebagai Warisan Bersama Umat Manusia, sehingga hampir setiap negara merasa berhak untuk melintasi dan memanfaatkan lautan bagi kepentingannya.Asumsi tersebut tentu dapat menjadi sumber konflik yang potensial apabila tidak diatur melalui perangkat hukum laut internasional yang mengatur antara hak dan kewajiban setiap negara berkaitan dengan perlintasan melalui laut, karena berkaitan dengan keamanan dan kedaulatan sebuah negara. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana Pengaturan  Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia berdasarkan United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS), Hak dan kewajiban kapal dan pesawat udara asing melakukan lintas di Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia dan bagaimana potensi ancaman akibat diterapkanya Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang dipakai untuk menyusun skripsi ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan bahan – bahan dari buku, jurnal, internet, instrumen hukum internasional dan hasil tulisan ilmiah lainnya yang erat kaitannya dengan maksud dan tujuan dari penyusunan karya ilimiah ini. Indonesia telah mengimplementasikan hak lintas kapal dan pesawat udara asing melalui PP N0 37 Tahun 2002. Secara umum Ketentuan tersebut merupakanpenjabaran ketentuan-ketentuan Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982, yang di dalamnya ada beberapa hal yang perlu disesuaikan dan diatur lebih lengkap. Dengan kondisi geografis Indonesia yang memiliki perairan luas serta berdekatan dengan wilayah perbatasan tetangga, berimplikasi kepada mudahnya wilayah tersebut untuk dimanfaatkan untuk tindakan pelanggaran hukum sekaligus untuk melarikan diri. Kemudian, selain memiliki letak yang strategis sebagai penghubung Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik, kawasan di sekitar alur laut kepulauan II meyimpan potensi sumber daya alam yang melimpah sehinggga wilayah tersebut rawan terhadap terjadinya berbagai tindak pelangggaran hukum maupun pelanggaran wilayah kedaulatan yang dapat mengancam integritas Nusantara.   Kata kunci: kapal dan pesawat udara asing, lintas, ALKI     * Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum USU ** Dosen Pembimbing I *** Dosen Pembimbing II   Vivi Marbun* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum** Arif, S.H., MH***   ABSTRACT Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world. Because the characteristic is available, the sea is also considered as the Common Heritage of Mankind,  Almost every country has the right to pass and utilizing ocean for their own. The assumption of course can be a source of potential conflict if arranged through the international marine law which regulates the rights and obligations of each country related to the crossing by the sea, as it relates to security and sovereignty of country . The issues was discussed in this paper is How the regulation Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes by  United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS), The rights and obligatons of foreign ship and aircraft to cross in Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes and How the potential threat effect of the imposition Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes . The research method used in this paper is normative legal research method, by the collecting the materials from books, journals, internet, international law instruments and another scientific paper which in line with the purpose of the accomplishment of this paper. Indonesian has implemented a right of passage of foreign ships and aircraft through PP N0 37 Tahun 2002. In generally these provisions are translation the provisions by United Nations Conventions on the Law of the Law 1982. In which there are some things that need to be adjusted and regulated fuller. The geographical conditions that Indonesian has vast waters and within the neighboring border region, The implications to easy for the region to be used for illegal acts at the same time to escape. Then, in addition to having a strategic location as a link of the indian ocean and the pacific ocean. The areas surrounding archipelagic sea lanes II saving potential of natural resources are abundant so that the region is prone to the occurrence of various violation of the territorial sovereignty that could threaten the integrity of the archipelago. Key words: ship dan foreign aircraf, traffic, ALKI * Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum USU ** Dosen Pembimbing I *** Dosen Pembimbing II
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEKERJA RUMAH TANGGA INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI KONVENSI ILO NO. 189 Theresia Rizka Ully Situmorang; Chairul Bariah; Arif Arif
Journal of USU International Law Vol 4, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACT Theresia Rizka Ully Situmorang* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum** Arif, S.H., M.Hum***   The domestic worker is a job that provides services to a family to do some chores such as cooking, clean the house, wash clothes and others. However, because there is often a difference in degree between employers and workers and the absence of clear legal protection to domestic workers, it is a lot of violence against domestic workers. Based on this, the formulation of the problem in this research is: How will the international domestic workers? How are the domestic workers in Indonesia? How Indonesia's role in the implementation of ILO Convention No. 189? By using normative juridical, which combine both legal norms derived from national law or international law. Normative juridical research method is a scientific procedure to find the truth based on the logic of the scientific laws of the normative and the nature of the research is descriptive analysis, which illustrates and describes the norms of national law and the norms of international law, relating to the protection of the law against domestic worker. Based on this study it can be concluded that the regulation of the law on domestic workers has been set in ILO Convention No. 189 on Decent Work For Domestic Workers. Furthermore, the position of the ILO as an international labor organization is as a maker of international labor standards. The legal protection of domestic workers has been regulated in international law. As the ILO international labor organizations have issued legal regulations governing the protection of domestic workers. And the ILO has helped eradicate violence against domestic workers. However, Indonesia has not ratified ILO Conventions 189 and Indonesia does not have legislation to protect workers tang. The government should establish laws or regulations to protect domestic workers and to combat violence against domestic workers. ABSTRAK Theresia Rizka Ully Situmorang* Dr. Chairul Bariah, S.H., M.Hum** Arif, S.H., M.Hum***   Pekerja rumah tangga merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang memberikan jasa kepada suatu keluarga untuk mengerjakan suatu pekerjaan rumah seperti memasak, membersihakan rumah, mencuci baju dan yang lainnya. Namun karena sering terjadi perbedaan derajat antara majikan dan pekerja dan tidak adanya perlindungan hukum yang jelas terhadap pekerja rumah tangga, maka banyak terjadi kekerasan terhadap pekerja rumah tangga. Berdasarkan hal ini , maka rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: Bagaimana pengaturan pekerja rumah tangga secara internasional? Bagaimana pengaturan pekerja rumah tangga di Indonesia? Bagaimana peran Indonesia dalam implementasi Konvensi ILO No. 189? Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, yakni penelitian yang dilakukan atas norma-norma hukum yang berlaku, baik norma hukum yang berasal dari hukum nasional maupun norma hukum yang berasal dari hukum internasional. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif merupakan prosedur ilmiah untuk menemukan kebenaran berdasarkan logika keilmuan hukum dari sisi normatifnya dan sifat penelitian adalah deskriptif analitis, yakni menggambarkan dan menguraikan norma-norma hukum nasional dan norma-norma hukum internasional, terkait dengan perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja pekerja rumah tangga. Berdasarkan penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengaturan hukum tentang pekerja rumah tangga telah diatur dalam Konvensi ILO No. 189 tentang Pekerjaan Layak Bagi Pekerja Rumah Tangga. Selanjutnya, kedudukan ILO sebagai organisasi perburuhan internasional adalah sebagai pembuat standar perburuhan internasional. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja rumah tangga telah diatur di dalam hukum internasional. ILO selaku organisasi perburuhan internasional telah mengeluarkan peraturan-peraturan hukum yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan pekerja rumah tangga. Dan ILO telah membantu memberantas kekerasan terhadap pekerja rumah tangga. Namun, Indonesia belum meratifikasi Konvensi ILO No.189 dan Indonesia belum memiliki Undang-undang untuk melindungi pekerja rumah tang. Sebaiknya pemerintah membentuk undang-undang atau peraturan untuk melindungi pekerja rumah tangga serta untuk memberantas kekerasan terhadap pekerja rumah tangga.     Kata Kunci : Pekerja Rumah Tangga, Perlindungan Hukum, ILO   *Mahasiswa Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara **Dosen Pembimbing I ***Dosen Pembimbing II
PELANGGARAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP TAHANAN TERORIS DALAM PROGRAM PENAHANAN DAN INTEROGASI CIA (CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY) Ashari Maulana Siregar; Chairul Bariah; Arif Arif
Journal of USU International Law Vol 4, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRAK Ashari Maulana Reza Siregar* Dr. Chairul Bariah S.H., M.Hum.** Arif S.H., M.H.***   Hak Asasi Manusia menjadi salah satu hal penting dan mendasar yang memuat seperangkat standar minimum dan aturan prosedural terkait hubungan antar manusia yang diaplikasikan dalam semua aspek kehidupan manusia. Namun, dari masa ke masa selalu saja terjadi pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia, baik pelanggaran ringan maupun berat, seperti terorisme yang telah menewaskan banyak nyawa. Ancaman terorisme membuat banyak pihak melancarkan berbagai upaya untuk memeranginya, seperti salah satunya yang dilakukan oleh Amerika Serikat melalui Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) dengan cara membuat Program Penahanan dan Interogasi terhadap tahanan teroris. Namun, pelaksanaan program tersebut sarat dengan bentuk-bentuk pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang dilakukan terhadap para tahanan. Atas dasar pelanggaran-pelanggaran tersebut maka perlu suatu kajian akademis terhadapnya, salah satunya melalui skripsi ini. Adapun penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan menempatkan hukum-hukum yang berkaitan dengan substansi sebagai pusat kajian dan metode deskriptif yang dimaksudkan untuk memaparkan segala data yang berkaitan dengan substansi. Data yang dipakai dalam penulisan ini adalah data sekunder yaitu data yang diperoleh dari bahan pustaka seperti instrumen hukum, buku, internet, dan lain sebagainya dimana data tersebut dikumpulkan dengan melakukan library research dari berbagai sumber. Kesimpulannya, secara umum Hak Asasi Manusia adalah hal yang penting dan mendasar serta diakui secara universal, termasuk oleh Indonesia, yang dibuktikan dengan banyaknya instrumen hukum terkait Hak Asasi Manusia yang dihasilkan dan diterima oleh banyak negara. Namun, tetap saja ada ancaman terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia seperti terorisme, dan dalam hal ini Amerika Serikat melalui CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) memerangi terorisme, salah satunya dengan membuat Program Penahanan dan Interogasi terhadap tahanan teroris yang bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan menumpas terorisme. Namun, program tersebut menjadi konroversi karena adanya pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap tahanan teroris yang terjadi selama pelaksanaan Program Penahanan dan Interogasi CIA (Central Intelligence Agency), seperti penyiksaan dan perlakuan tidak manusiawi lainnya terhadap para tahanan teroris, dimana pelanggaran tersebut sangat jelas telah melanggar berbagai instrumen hukum Hak Asasi Manusia sehingga mewajibkan adanya tanggung jawab dari para pihak yang terlibat.   Kata Kunci: Hak Asasi Manusia, Terorisme, CIA *Mahasiswa **Dosen Pembimbing I ***Dosen Pembimbing II ABSTRACT Ashari Maulana Reza Siregar* Dr. Chairul Bariah S.H., M.Hum.** Arif S.H., M.H.*** Human rights being one important things and essential containing a set of minimum standards and procedural rules related relationship between humans applied in all aspects of human life. But, human rights abuses always happen from time to time, both light and heavy, such as terrorism which has killed many lives. The threat of terrorism make many parties launched efforts to fight it, as one conducted by the United States through Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) by making Detention and Interrogations Program towards terrorist prisoners. But, the implementation of the program loaded with forms human rights abuses was done with the prisoners. On the basis of the violations we need to an academic study against it, one of which is through this paper. As for writing this paper used juridical normative approaching with putting the laws relating to the substance as centre for the study of and descriptive methods intended to present all the data relating to the substance. Data used in this writing is secondary data which is the data obtained from the library such as a legal instrument, book, internet, and others where the data collected by doing library research from various sources. In conclusion, in general human rights is important and essential thing and recognized universally, including in Indonesia, as evidenced by many legal instrument associated to human rights had produced and accepted by many countries. But, still there is threat of human rights such as terrorism, and in this case the United States through the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) to fight terrorism, one of them is through Detention and Interrogations Program towards terrorists prisoners aims to detect and crack down on terrorism. But, the program would be controversy as of human rights abuses of terrorist prisoners occurs during the CIA’s implementation of Detention and Interrogation Program, such as torture and inhuman treatment to other terrorist detainees, where the violation clearly had violated various legal instrument of human rights that require the responsibility from the involved parties. Keywords: Human Rights, Terrorism, CIA * Student ** Supervising Lecturer I *** Supervising Lecturer II
PERDAGANGAN ANAK (CHILD TRAFFICKING) LINTAS NEGARA DALAM KAJIAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL Zaenab Farhana; Chairul Bariah; Arif Arif
Journal of USU International Law Vol 5, No 6 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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ABSTRACTChild trafficking has long been happening on earth and is an act contrary to human dignity and prestige. This is a violation of human rights. In the past, child trafficking was only in the view of forcibly transferring abroad for the purpose of prostitution. But along with the times, trade is defined as transfers, especially children with or without the consent of the person concerned in a country or abroad for all exploitative labor, not just prostitution.   The type of research used in this study is normative juridical (legal research) that is by referring to various legal norms, in this case is international law and criminal law related to the sale of children across the country and the regulation of the prohibition.   The legal provisions governing the mediation of child trafficking are contained in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, namely article 35 which governs States to take national, bilateral and multilateral measures to interfere with the abduction, sale or trafficking of children for any purpose. This article does not provide a clearer explanation of child protection against child trafficking. The Convention on the Rights of the Child 1989 supplemented the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography set by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 25 May 2000. This Protocol aims to achieve the objectives of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the application of further rules particularly those contained in articles 1, 11, 21, 32, 33, 34, 35 and 36.   Keywords: child trafficking, prevention, child rights
PERMASALAHAN PENGAKUAN TERHADAP KELOMPOK-KELOMPOK BELLIGERENT DARI SEGI HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL Marcel Gabriel Pailalah; Sulaiman Hamid; Chairul Bariah
Journal of USU International Law Vol 5, No 6 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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Abstract

ABSTRACTWars and conflicts have always been a human habit throughout civilization, from the very beginning of human creation on Earth, warfare has always been a determinant of human survival and especially the standing or destruction of civilizations existing in the world. Of the many conflicts that exist, the conflict is a revolt that attracts attention, because of the conflict between the ruling government against armed parties who are not satisfied with the relevant government policy. From here comes the term "belligerent", which means the parties to the dispute or the rebels. At first, belligerent created from the dissatisfaction of the elements of the people against the government in a country. The ruling government is unable to accommodate the will and interests of these dissatisfied elements of the people, so that they rebel in order to realize their neglected aspirations. This initially limited rebellion gradually began to spread to every territory of the country, and the rebels were able to control various territories and establish their own version of government. This situation also received attention from the world, and for some considerations of the international community, the rebels were recognized as a separate entity representing the aspirations of elements of the people who are not satisfied with the regime in power in a country. The research method used is normative juridical by doing research of literature study to obtain secondary data needed in the framework of completion of this thesis. The results are presented descriptively and with related drawings of the materials discussed in order to obtain an explanation of the existing problems. The research in this thesis aims to find out the meaning of armed conflict in international humanitarian law, belligerent and its history, recognition conditions and worldviews of belligerent groups, and internationally recognized belligerent groups.   Key Words: War and conflict, rebellion, armed conflict in International Humanitarian Law, belligerent.
ANALISA HUKUM ATAS KEKERASAN TERHADAP WARGA SIPIL AKIBAT PEPERANGAN YANG TERJADI DI ALEPPO SURIAH BERDASARKAN KETENTUAN KONVENSI JENEWA 1949 Syarifah Tiffany Nargis; Chairul Bariah; Makdin Munthe
Journal of USU International Law Vol 5, No 6 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of USU International Law

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Abstract

THE LEGAL ANALYSIS OF VIOLENCE TO CIVILIANS DUE TO WAR IN ALEPPO SYRIA BASED ON PROVISIONS IN GENEVA CONVENTION 1949ABSTRACTProtection values for civilians are stipulated in Geneva Convention 1949. It is regulated that anyone, even when an enemy is captured, still he must be treated well by respecting his dignity and prestige as a human being. There is a tendency to observe that the provisions of Geneva Convention 1949 do not only regulate the obligations of member countries but also civilians’ individual human rights as the protected party. The non-international armed war in Syria is a resistance to Geneva Convention 1949. The research problems are: How the position of Geneva Convention IV 1949 is in International Humanitarian Law, How Geneva Convention plays its role in protecting civilians in the time of war, and how the legal protection for the civilians is from the violence in Aleppo due to the war in Aleppo Syria according to Geneva Convention 1949. This is a research with normative juridical method which employs statutory approach. It is also a doctrinaire research that refers to legal norms; thus, it puts emphasis on secondary legal materials, either regulations or legal theories which focus on collecting all relevant laws in the books, studying the laws related to legal provisions and the implication of its implementation in Indonesia or the law pronounced through research process. The results show that the position of Geneva Convention IV 1949 in International Humanitarian Law is a part of Humanitarian Law to protect military personnel who no longer take part in war and people who are not active anymore in a war i.e. civilians. The role of Geneva Convention to protect the civilians in the time of war is a part of humanitarian law which regulates legal protection for civilians is that it must not be carried out discriminatively. In all circumstances, civilians are entitled to respect for their persons, their honor, their family rights, their religious convictions and practices. The legal protection for the civilians from violence in Aleppo due to the was in Aleppo Syria according to the Geneva Convention 1949 is grounded on Article 27 of Geneva Convention IV saying that Protected persons are entitled, in all circumstances, to respect for their persons, their honor, their family rights, their religious convictions and practices, and their manners and customs. Keywords: Violence, Aleppo, Syria, Civilian, Geneva Convention IV
Co-Authors Abdul Rahman Ainun Syuhadah Lubis Akbar Hamdani Rambe Anggie Sere Sitompul Anita Anita Arif Arif Aryani Sairun Ashari Maulana Siregar Bayu Eko Broto Dina Hendiani Dt. Ananda Farkhie Eliana Endang Syahriani Erika Erika Erna Fitriani Hamda Fathiah Febri Dermawan Hafni Zanna Dewi Hafnidar Hanna Safira Nasution Hayanuddin Safri Heike Larissa Tampubolon Inge Ayudia Jelly Leviza Jeremia Suluh Tampubolon Joshua P. Hutabarat Junizar Lasri, Lasri Lathifah Hanum Maharany Fitri Mahmul Siregar Makdin Munthe Marcel Gabriel Pailalah Marlina Murnia Suri NASUTION, ATIKA AINI Nella Octaviany Siregar NINGRUM NATASYA SIRAIT Pudji Indah Lestari Puspitasari Damanik Rindang Rizki Fitri Rosalinda Rosnidar Sembiring Samuel B. Nababan Septiana Tindaon Sudirman H. Nainggolan Sulaiman Hamid Sutiarnoto Sutiarnoto Sutoyo Syarifah Tiffany Nargis Theresia Rizka Ully Situmorang Vivi Marbun Wira Paskah Yusuf A Samad Zaenab Farhana Zulvia Maika Letis Zuriani Ritonga