Maya Melati
Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

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Journal : Journal of Tropical Crop Science

The Study of Organic Fertilizers Application on Two Soybean Varieties in Organic Saturated Soil Culture Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Melati, Maya; Ramadhani, Elrisa
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 3 No 1 (2016): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (387.895 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.3.1.19-27

Abstract

Indonesia is facing soybean shortage and the low productivity of soybean production from decreasing acreage. Saturated soil culture (SSC) could be one of the solutions for marginal land with drainage problem. Saturated soil culture is cultivation technology that gives continuous irrigation and maintains water depth constantly and makes soil layer in saturated condition. Farmers can use on-farm inputs that are normally available at the production site. An organic farming system may be able to ensure local and regional food security through continuous production. The study was conducted at Cikarawang Experimental Station of Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia, from December 2009 to February 2011. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of organic fertilizer application on the productivity of two varieties of soybean, “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis”,    in organic saturated soil culture conducted in two cropping seasons. Prior to the experiment all plots were applied with 2 ton.ha-1 of dolomite, 2 ton.ha-1 of rice hull ash, and 10 ton.ha-1 of chicken manure. The experiment of the first season used split plot design with six replications. The main-plot was organic fertilizer that consisted of chicken manure only (20 ton.ha-1), chicken manure (10 t.ha-1) + Centrosema pubescens (4.2 t.ha-1), chicken manure (10 ton.ha-1) + Tithonia diversifolia (4.2 t.ha-1). The sub-plot was soybean varieties “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis”. The soybean productivity was not affected by the application of organic fertilizers. “Willis” productivity (1.98 t.ha-1) was higher than “Anjasmoro” (1.80 t.ha-1). The experiment of second season used split-split plot design with three replications. The main-plot consisted of 50 and 100% fertilizer rate of the first cropping season; the sub-plot was the same types of organic fertilizer with soybean varieties as sub-sub-plot. Rate of fertilizer, types of organic fertilizer and soybean variety did not affect productivity. Application of 50 and 100% rate of fertilizer in the second season produced 2.41 and 2.55 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. Soybean plants treated with chicken manure, green manure from C. pubescens and T. diversifolia produced 2.45, 2.50 and 2.49 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. “Anjasmoro” and “Wilis” produced 2.50 and 2.45 t.ha-1 of dry seeds, respectively. Productivity in the second season was 26.26-36.61% higher than those of the first cropping season.
Diversity of Functional Soil Microbes in Manures and Its Effect on Organic Mustard Green (Brassica juncea) Production Kurniawati, Ari; Melati, Maya; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Purwono, Purwono
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 01 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (252.873 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.01.60-66

Abstract

The application of organic fertilizer, especially manures, for crop production has long-term effects for soil nutrients availability and improvement of soil structure. The improvement of soil properties involves interactions of various types of microorganism in the soil. The research aimed to study the effects of different types of manures on the diversity of functional soil microbes and its effects on organic green mustard production. The experiment was conducted at IPB organic research field, Cikarawang, Darmaga, Bogor, from April to June 2015. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with two factors; the first factor was types of manure, i.e. chicken, cow, and goat manures; the second factor was manure rates, i.e. 0 and 10 ton.ha-1, so there were six treatments in total, replicated three times. The results showed that chicken manure application resulted in a higher mustard green yield and soil-P content than application of goat manure. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures increased C-organic, N, K, and C/N ratio in soil significantly, but mustard green production was not affected. The diversity of microbe population of the soil treated with all types of manures was high. The addition 10 ton.ha-1 of manures decreased the total number of microbes, but increased the number of cellulose-degrading microbes. The population of cellulose-degrading and phosphate-solubilizing microbes in the soil applied with cow manure was higher than those applied with the other manures.
Determination of the Optimum Rate of N Fertilizers with Addition of Goat Manure for Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) Liana, Devi; Purnamawati, Heni; Melati, Maya; Wahyu, Yudiwanti
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 6 No 02 (2019): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (806.186 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.6.02.121-128

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the potential substitutes of soybean due to its similar nutritional content. This study aims to determine the optimum rate of N fertilizer for the production of cowpea, and to determine the effects of the interaction between N fertilizer rates and goat manure application on cowpea production. The experiment was organized in a split-plot with a complete randomized block design with three replications. The main plot was goat manure, i.e. 0 and 5 tons.ha-1; the sub-plot was nitrogen fertilizer with five rates (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the recommended rate), i.e. 0, 22.5, 45, 67.5, and 90 kg N.ha-1. Application of N fertilizer reduced the 100-seed weight and slightly reduced cowpea yield and yield components. Application of goat manure increased seed dry weight per plant, number of pods per plant, dry pod weight per plant, seed dry weight per m2, productivity, 100-seed weight, and the harvest index. There was no significant interaction between goat manure and different rates of nitrogen in affecting cowpea growth.
Correlations between Leaf Nutrient Content and the Production of Metabolites in Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata L. Jack) Fertilized with Chicken Manure Karimuna, Siti Rahmah; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Melati, Maya
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 1 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (195.525 KB) | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.2.1.16-25

Abstract

Plant secondary metabolites are unique sources for pharmaceuticals and food additives. Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata) contains secondary metabolite that is beneficial to human health including lowering blood cholesterol levels, anti-obesity, and has the antioxidant capacity. Leaves of orange jessamine have several chemical constituents including L-cadinene, methyl-anthranilate, bisabolene, β-caryophyllene, geraniol, Carene, 5-guaiazulene, osthole, paniculatin, tannins, eugenol, citronelled, coumurrayin and coumarin derivatives. This study aimed to determine the correlation between leaf concentrations of N, P and K with leaf bioactive compounds following chicken manure application to the plants. The experiment was conducted at IPB Experimental Station at Cikarawang, Bogor (6o30' - 6o45' S, 106o30'-106o45' E) from March to November 2014 (250 m above sea level). The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with rates of chicken manure as a treatment, i.e. 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 kg per plant. Chicken manure was applied at 30 months after planting (MAP). Leaves were harvested by pruning the plants to a height of 75 cm above the soil surface. The results showed that the optimum rates of chicken manure to produce maximum fresh and dry leaf weight were 3.1 kg and 6.5 kg per plant, respectively. This rate was sufficient for leaf production at the first harvest (34 MAP) but was insufficient for the second harvest (38 MAP). K concentration of the leaves from different positions within the plant and leaf age positively correlated with leaf dry weight (P <0.01), but negatively correlated with total flavonoid content (P <0.01). Leaf P concentration was negatively correlated with dry weight of the 5th young leaves, or mature leaves from all positions. Leaf K concentration was categorized very high (3.59-4.10%), whereas leaf P concentration was high (0.28-0.29%) to very high (0.33-0.35%). The 5th mature leaves determined plant K requirements.Keywords: antioxidant, bioactive compounds, leaf position, organic, NPK leaf concentrations
Impact of Salinity Stress on Soybean Growth and Yield under Saturated Soil Culture in Tidal Lands: A Comparative Study of Tolerant Varieties Nasution, Siti Nurminah; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Melati, Maya
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 03 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.03.287-298

Abstract

Salinity stress, intensified by climate change events such as El Niño and drought, presents a significant challenge to soybean production in tidal lands. This study evaluated soybean varieties’ growth, tolerance, and yield under varying salinity conditions within a saturated water cultivation system. The experiment was conducted from February to May 2024 at the IPB Experimental Station in Leuwikopo, Bogor, Indonesia, using soil samples collected from type B tidal lands in Mulyasari Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with three factors and three replications each. The first factor was soybean variety (“Demas-1” and “Detap-1”), the second was soil salinity (0 and 2000 ppm NaCl), and the third was irrigation salinity at different growth stages (control, 2000 ppm NaCl before/during flowering, and 2000 ppm NaCl after flowering). The results demonstrated that the “Demas-1” variety exhibited superior growth characteristics, including higher leaf greenness, dry weight of root nodules, and number of filled pods per plant. Exposure to soil salinity of 2000 ppm NaCl led to a significant reduction in plant height (29.38%), leaf number (38.01%), leaf greenness (28.67%), dry weight (49.90%-60.80%), and filled pods per plant (55.51%), while increasing plant toxicity (108%). Irrigation with 2000 ppm NaCl further exacerbated these negative impacts, resulting in decreased leaf greenness (15.42%-18.06%) and filled pods per plant (17.84%-23.94%). The interaction between soybean variety, soil salinity, and irrigation salinity significantly influenced the number of filled pods per plant. The combination of any soybean variety with 2000 ppm NaCl resulted in a reduction of filled pods per plant. Moreover, applying saline irrigation after flowering to saline soil decreased the number of filled pods per plant by 64.68%. These findings highlight the critical importance of selecting tolerant soybean varieties and implementing effective irrigation management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on soybean production in tidal lands.
Application of Phosphorus and Determination of Heat Units to Increase Productivity and Isoflavone Content of Several Varieties of Edamame Soybeans Manullang, Nadya Inri; Melati, Maya; Ghulamahdi, Munif
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 12 No. 02 (2025): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.12.02.335-345

Abstract

Edamame is rich in isoflavones, which offer notable health and beauty benefits. Phosphorus influences the biosynthesis of isoflavones in edamame, making this nutrient an important factor in crop management. Edamame soybeans are harvested at the R6 stage, when pods are fully developed yet still green, a timing that is critical for ensuring optimal quality. Harvest maturity is determined using accumulated heat units, a method that calculates the temperature differences at the planting site to assess crop readiness accurately. This study evaluated the effects of phosphorus fertilization and variety on edamame productivity and isoflavone content. The experiment was conducted at the IPB Experimental Station in Bogor, Indonesia (coordinates: -6.548927° S, 106.734462° E), using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was phosphorus fertilizer applied at rates of 0, 18, 36, and 54 kg P₂O₅ per hectare. In contrast, the second factor was edamame variety (“Biomax 1”, “Biomax 2”, and “Detam 2” as a check variety for isoflavone content). The results showed no significant interaction between phosphorus fertilization and variety for several growth parameters, including leaf phosphorus content, leaf number, branch number, relative growth rate, and pod weight per plant. However, significant differences among varieties were observed for leaf number and seed weight per plant. Phosphorus fertilization did not significantly affect branch number or pod weight, but it did influence isoflavone content, with different phosphorus doses increasing genistein accumulation in certain varieties. The study also highlighted the impact of temperature on plant growth, as evidenced by significant differences in accumulated crop heat units (CHU) among the varieties: “Biomax 1” required 2029.50–2050.75 °C days, “Biomax 2” required 2070.20–2132.25°C days, and “Detam 2” required 2218.85–2256.05°C days. The highest isoflavone content was recorded in “Biomax 2” with the application of 36 kg P₂O₅ per hectare. Overall, these findings underscore the complex relationship between soil conditions, nutrient availability, and varietal selection in determining edamame yield and quality. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing edamame production and enhancing its nutritional value.
Enrichment of Organic Manure with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Improved the Root and Shoot Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench.) Magana, Richard Elisha; Melati, Maya; Purnamawati, Heni; Pratiwi, Etty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 7 No. 03 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.7.03.137-147

Abstract

A well-structured root system is essential to ensure optimal plant growth and yield. Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the root system of okra plant. These experiments were arranged with a completely randomized design. The first experiment was conducted in the growth chamber with 8 different bacterial isolates consisting of Methylobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Bacillus methylotrophicus, Flavobacterium tirrenicum, Providencia stuartii, Azotobacter vinelandii, Methylocystis parvus and PGPR consortium. The second experiment was conducted in the greenhouse and examined the effects of four poultry manure rates, i.e. 0, 6, 12 and 18 ton ha-1, or equivalent to 0, 75, 150 and 225% of recommended rates and how these are altered with the presence or absence of PGPR. The results of the experiments showed that, PGPR significantly improved root architecture; the number and length of lateral roots was increased by 242.86% and 777.79% respectively, as well as the dry weight of the roots and shoots of okra plant by 236.36% and 333.33%, respectively. Moreover applying 150% (12 t.ha-1) of the recommended rate of poultry manure enriched with PGPR was found to be most effective in terms of improving the growth and root attributes of okra plants.
Plant Growth and Morphological Characters of Sonchus arvensis L. from Different Chicken Manure Rates and Harvest Intervals with Ratooning Practices Melati, Maya; Ari, Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.60-70

Abstract

Sonchus arvensis L., commonly known as perennial sow thistle, field milk thistle, among other names, is a weedy species that has medicinal values. Belongs to the Daisy family (Asteraceae), S. arvensis has a rosette form and it can be harvested more than once. The determination of harvest interval for ratoon of S. arvensis is necessary because ratooning can save time to produce the consecutive plant biomass, but the second harvest must be conducted at the correct time as it will determine the quantity and quality of leaves. As source of herbal medicine, cultivation of S. arvensis with organic fertilizer is preferred, and determination of organic fertilizer rates is also important for ratooning. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the plant growth response and yield with different chicken manure rates and different harvest intervals. The field experiment was conducted at IPB experimental station in Cikarawang, Darmaga Bogor, Indonesia. The study used a randomized complete block design with different manure rates (0, 7, 14, 21 ton.ha-1) and various harvest intervals (6, 8, and 10 weeks after the first harvest) as treatments. The results showed that for the first harvest, the effect of chicken manure rates was linear almost on all variables. For the ratoon (second harvest), manure rate of 14 ton.ha-1 (for first harvest) added with 4 ton.ha-1 (after first harvest) was enough for leaf production. The results indicate that ratoon should be harvested at 10 weeks after the first harvest to obtain the highest yield. The interaction between manure rates and harvest interval was not significant for growth variables of the second harvest.
Identification of Secondary Metabolite Compounds in Two Varieties of Young Winged Beans (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) at Two Harvest Ages Susanti, Destia; Melati, Maya; Kurniawati, Ani
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 9 No. 01 (2022): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.9.01.52-67

Abstract

The winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L.) is a member of the Fabaceae family (beans). Winged bean is developed as a vegetable, and young winged bean pods can be consumed fresh, steamed, fried, or pickled. In Southeast Asia, winged bean pods are generally cooked or consumed as side dishes or salad. Winged bean contains high protein content equivalent to soybean seed. Besides being rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals, the winged bean also has secondary metabolites, including phenolics and flavonoids. This study aimed to identify secondary metabolites in young pods of two varieties, “Fairuz” and “Sandi”, at two different harvest ages of 8 and 10 days after anthesis (DAA) and provide the biological activity on each identified compound. The experiment was conducted at the IPB experimental field at Leuwikopo, Bogor, from September 2020 to February 2021. The identification of secondary metabolites of the young green pods “Fairuz”, and the young purple pods “Sandi”, was performed using the GCMS method at the Regional Health Laboratory (KESDA) DKI Jakarta. The results of the GCMS analysis showed that 1,2-enzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-Ethylhexyl) ester was the most abundant compound identified from pods harvested at 8 DAA in both varieties, namely 42.26% in “Fairuz” and 26.66% in “Sandi”. Other compounds, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z, Z, Z) (Linoleic acid ester), were found in “Fairuz”, whereas (9E,12E)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Linoleic acid) was found in “Sandi”; these compounds are hydroxyl group and phenolic glucoside compounds and are found in pods harvested at 10 DAA.
Enhancing Leaf Flavonoid Production in Indian Camphorweed (Pluchea indica Less.) through the Provision of Chicken Manure Indriani, Yulia; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Melati, Maya
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 11 No. 01 (2024): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.11.01.55-63

Abstract

Indian camphorweed (Pluchea indica Less.) leaves exhibit antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, indicating significant potential for the pharmaceutical industry. This research aimed to determine the optimal rates of chicken manure for enhancing leaf and total flavonoid production in Pluchea indica. The study took place at the IPB Experimental Station in Bogor, Indonesia,spanning from July to October 2023. A completely randomized block design with a single factor (chicken manure doses) was employed: 0, 2.5, 5, or 7.5 kg per plant. Each treatment comprised three replications, each consisting of 20 plants. The results revealed that the application of chicken manure at 2.5 kg per plant led to significantly taller plants, more leaves, and tertiary branches compared to the control group. Specifically, the 2.5 kg dosage significantly increased the nitrogen content of the 7th leaf and the potassium content of the 3rd leaf. Meanwhile, the application of 5 kg of chicken manure per plant significantly boosted phosphorus content in the 3rd and 7th leaves and potassium content in the 5th and 7th leaves. However, no significant differences were observed in total flavonoid and antioxidant activity across all leaf positions with chicken manure application. Plants receiving 5 kg of manure demonstrated the highest fresh leaf weight (81.64 g) and dry weight (38.27 g), which were significantly greater than those receiving 2.5 kg per plant or no manure. Despite these variations, flavonoid production per plant did not show a significant difference with manure application.
Co-Authors , Hariyadi -, Bachtiar A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Adwiyani, Pustika AHMAD JUNAEDI Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena Ari Ai Asiah Alce Ilona Noyaa Alifiya Herwitarahman Ani Kurniawati Aplugi, Dewie Maria Agustien Ari, Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena Arinal Haq Izzawati Nurrahma Arinal Haq Izzawati Nurrahma Atang Sutandi Atika Romalasari Bachtiar Bachtiar Bambang S. Purwoko Bayu Aditya Sinuraya Danner Sagala Delyani, Rista Denti Dewi Gatari Devi Rianawati Didy Sopandie Dwi Guntoro Dwiwanti Sulistyowati Efendi, Darda Eman Ayu Sasmita Jati, Gusti Etty Pratiwi, Etty Fajri, Atikah Faqih Udin Faridah, dan Didah Nur Febjislami, Shalati Fhonna, Tasya Nurizki Fitri Galih Kurnia Fred Rumawas Hanessa Putry, Regata Ringga Hartini Kilbaren, Muji Haryanto, Pesol Hasan, Fardyansjah Herik Sugeru Hilda Susanti Hilda Susanti Ilona Noyaa, Alce IPG Widjaja Adhi Irdika Mansur Irdika Mansur Irsyad, Reza Fathianto Iskandar M. Lapanjang Isna Tustiyani Isna Tustiyani Jamil, Anna Moslihat Juang Gema Kartika Justika S Baharsjah Karimuna, Siti Rahmah Kurnia, Fitri Galih Kurniawati, Ari Kurniawati, Ari Leo Mualim Lia Desyrakhmawati, Lia Liana, Devi M A Chozin Magana, Richard Elisha Manik, Auhge Eva Sari Manullang, Nadya Inri Marlin Sefrila Melia Fetiandreny Mohamad Rafi Mohammad Rafi Muchamad Hartanto Muhamad Syukur Muhammad Syukur Muhimmatul, Husna Muis, Ridwan Munif Ghulamahdi Nasution, Siti Nurminah Ngui, Marianus Nofi Anisatun Rokhmah Nurbani, Hilmi Nuri Andarwulan Nurwita Dewi Parwito Purwono Purwono Purwono Purwono, Purwono Purwono, dan Purwono, Purwono Putri, Fiadini Raden Ajeng Diana Widyastuti Rahmi Taufika Ramadhani, Elrisa Rizva, Dian Novira Sandra A. Aziz Sandra A. Aziz Sandra A. Aziz Sandra Arifin Azis Sandra Arifin Aziz Sari, Siti Hapita Sefrila, Marlin Sinuraya, Bayu Aditya Slamet Susanto Sri Astuti Rais Sri Ayu Dwi Ayu Dwi Lestari, Sri Ayu Dwi Ayu Dwi Sri Wilarso Sri Wilarso Budi Sugiyanta Sugiyanta , Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Suntari Susanti, Destia Suwarto Suwarto Tatik Raisawati Tatik Raisawati Titi Candra Sunarti Totong Siwanto, Totong Undari, Desti Wahyu Arif Sudarsono Wahyu Arif Sudarsono Wahyu Fikrinda Wahyudin, Cecep Ijang Willy Bayuardi Suwarno Winnugroho Wiratman, Manfaluthy Hakim, Tiara Aninditha, Aru W. Sudoyo, Joedo Prihartono Wisdiyastuti Andriyani Wiwik Hartatik Yoga Yuniadi Yudiwanti Wahyu E. Kusumo Yulia Indriani Yulisda Eka Wardani