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All Journal JURNAL HUKUM Jurnal Akta JURNAL DIVERSITA Journal Analytica Islamica Jambura Law Review Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Majalah Ilmiah Warta Dharmawangsa SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL ARBITER: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Hukum Pelita Masyarakat JUNCTO: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Journal La Sociale Iqtishaduna : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Tjut Nyak Dhien Abdimas Indonesian Journal Prioritas : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Journal of Public Representative and Society Provision Indonesia of Journal Business Law International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Kanun: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Acta Law Journal Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Rechtsvinding

Muhammad Citra Ramadhan

Universitas Medan Area

Author-ID : 3527184

Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Veterinary Other

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P PENCEGAHAN MISAPPROPRIATION TERHADAP KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL KOMUNAL MELALUI PEMANFAATAN DATA PEMBANDING DALAM REZIM FIRST TO FILE HUKUM MEREK Muhammad Citra Ramadhan
Iqtishaduna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Uin Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/iqtishaduna.v7i1.61001

Abstrak Sistem pendaftaran merek di Indonesia menganut asas first to file, yaitu memberikan hak eksklusif kepada pihak yang pertama kali mengajukan permohonan. Prinsip ini, meskipun sederhana, rentan menimbulkan praktik misappropriation, yakni klaim sepihak terhadap Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal (KIK) yang pada hakikatnya merupakan warisan budaya masyarakat adat. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji fungsi mekanisme data pembanding sebagai instrumen preventif dalam mencegah klaim tidak sah atas KIK dalam kerangka hukum merek. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode yuridis normatif melalui analisis peraturan perundang-undangan, doktrin, serta praktik perlindungan KIK di beberapa yurisdiksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data pembanding yang terdokumentasi dalam basis data nasional KIK memiliki kedudukan penting sebagai bukti awal untuk menolak permohonan merek yang berpotensi merugikan kepentingan komunal. Oleh karena itu, integrasi data pembanding ke dalam sistem first to file tidak hanya memperkuat perlindungan hukum terhadap KIK, tetapi juga menjamin keadilan bagi komunitas pemiliknya sekaligus sejalan dengan prinsip Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal (KIK) dalam hukum internasional. Kata Kunci: Kekayaan Intelektual Komunal, Misappropriation, Data Pembanding, First to File, Hukum Merek. Abstract The trademark registration system in Indonesia adheres to the first-to-file principle, which grants exclusive rights to the party that first submits an application. Although simple, this principle is prone to misappropriation, namely unilateral claims to Communal Intellectual Property (KIK), which is essentially the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples. This article aims to examine the function of the comparative data mechanism as a preventive tool in preventing invalid claims on CCI within the framework of trademark law. The research was conducted using a normative legal method through an analysis of legislation, doctrine, and CCI protection practices in several jurisdictions. The research findings indicate that comparative data documented in the national CI database holds significant importance as initial evidence to reject trademark applications that may harm communal interests. Therefore, integrating comparative data into the first-to-file system not only strengthens legal protection for CII but also ensures fairness for the community of its owners while aligning with the principles of Community Intellectual Property (CII) in international law. Keywords: Community Intellectual Property, Misappropriation, Comparative Data, First-to File, Trademark Law.

Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Yang Tanpa Hak Membawa Senjata Tajam: (Analisis Putusan No.1220/Pid.Sus/2023/PN.Mdn) Simanjuntak, Hinzky Alestin; Ramadhan, M. Citra
Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review Vol 4 No 6 (2025): September
Publisher : LOCUS MEDIA PUBLISHING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56128/ljoalr.v4i6.561

Penerapan sanksi pidana atas kepemilikan atau penggunaan senjata tajam tanpa izin bertujuan menjaga keamanan dan ketertiban umum. Tindak pidana ini kerap terjadi akibat rendahnya kesadaran hukum dan lemahnya pengawasan. Undang-Undang Darurat Nomor 12 Tahun 1951 memberikan dasar hukum yang tegas untuk menindak pelanggaran tersebut. Sanksi diharapkan memberi efek jera dan mencegah peredaran senjata tajam di masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan mempelajari peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Sifat penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis berdasarkan studi putusan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindak pidana Undang-Undang Darurat Nomor 12 Tahun 1951 melarang membawa atau menguasai senjata tajam maupun api tanpa izin untuk membatasi peredaran senjata berbahaya, mencegah kejahatan, dan menjaga ketertiban. Majelis Hakim menyatakan terdakwa terbukti melanggar Pasal 2 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Darurat Nomor 12 Tahun 1951 karena membawa celurit tanpa izin, menjatuhkan pidana 2 tahun 6 bulan, memusnahkan barang bukti, dan membebankan biaya perkara.

Legal Certainty of Acquittal Decision (Vrijspraak) Against Perpetrators Of 3 Kg Lpg Gas Adulteration (Case Study of Decision No. 350/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Mdn) Dwi Dris Juliansyah; Citra Ramadhan; Riswan Munthe
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): October
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i2.1399

LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) subsidies are provided by the government to low-income communities with the aim of making it easily accessible to the public. The act of mixing subsidized LPG is harmful to public interest and causes public concern. This is evident in Medan city, where cases of mixing subsidized 3 Kg LPG cylinders into non-subsidized 12 Kg cylinders occur. The research problem is how the legal certainty of acquittal rulings for perpetrators of 3 Kg LPG mixing is ensured and how judges consider the acquittal of such perpetrators based on the ruling No. 350/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Mdn. This type of research is empirical normative juridical research. The data sources use secondary data. Data collection techniques are carried out through literature review and field studies, and data analysis is conducted qualitatively. Based on the results of the discussion, it was found that the legal certainty of acquittal against the perpetrators of LPG 3 Kg adulteration is determined by examining the indicators of criminal punishment for the offenders involved, referring to the evidence found and presented in court, so that the panel of judges is convinced that the perpetrators can be declared legally proven and have indeed committed the criminal act of subsidized LPG adulteration. The judge's consideration regarding the acquittal of the perpetrator of mixing 3 Kg LPG gas based on Decision No. 350/Pid.Sus/2022/PN.Mdn was made by the panel of judges based on the considerations in the first, second, and third alternative charges of the Public Prosecutor, which according to the facts of the trial were not proven in their entirety. Therefore, based on these facts, the defendant must be acquitted of the charges brought by the Public Prosecutor and from all legal claims. Based on the legal facts in the trial, the panel of judges found no evidence that the activity was carried out on the orders of the defendant.

The Impact of Globalization on Human Smuggling and Economic Policy Responses Zulyadi, Rizkan; Pinem, Serimin; Nasution, Sulhan Iqbal; Meher, Montayana; Ramadhan, Muhammad Citra
Jurnal Hukum Vol 41, No 4 (2025): Jurnal Hukum
Publisher : Unissula

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26532/jh.v41i4.44824

Globalization has created an interconnected and interdependent world, brought various conveniences while simultaneously raised new challenges in human rights issues. One prominent negative impact is the rise of Transnational Organized Crime (TOC), including human smuggling, which is increasingly facilitated by technological developments and market openness. This practice resembles a free market, where actors compete to attract customers without formal mechanisms for resolving disputes or enforcing contracts, giving rise to trust issues that are often addressed through reputational investment. This study aims to examine the gaps in Indonesia's national law in responding to this phenomenon and assess its relevance to international standards, particularly the Palermo Protocol. Using normative methods through literature review and a comparative approach, this study highlights the relationship between globalization, human smuggling, and the existing legal framework. The findings indicate that although the UN, through the UNODC and the Conference of Parties (COP), has initiated TOC prevention mechanisms, their implementation remains weak without strong normative ties. In conclusion, harmonization of Indonesian law with international standards is needed to strengthen human rights protection and the effectiveness of law enforcement against human smuggling.

Eksistensi Penyelesaian Sengketa UMKM Secara Non Litigasi di Desa Bandar Labuhan Meher, Montayana; Ramadhan, M. Citra; Suharyanto, Agung; Silviana, Dini; Ardhana, Salsa Novia; Putri, Ade
Pelita Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Pelita Masyarakat, Maret
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/pelitamasyarakat.v5i2.11323

This community service aims to enhance the understanding of the community in Bandar Labuhan Village regarding the non-litigation resolution of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The implementation method involves counseling activities covering the understanding of rights and obligations in the context of MSMEs, along with non-litigation dispute resolution mechanisms. The results reflect a positive impact, including increased legal awareness and active community participation. However, challenges and disagreements in implementing these mechanisms are also indicated. The discussion includes an analysis of success and potential obstacles. Acknowledging challenges as natural hurdles, suggestions for advanced approaches such as mentoring or additional training are proposed. The evaluation results provide profound insights for developing future community service programs, emphasizing material adjustments and a more focused approach. In conclusion, this community service affirms the success of increasing community understanding through counseling activities, but the challenges require a sustainable approach. Future program development is expected to be more effective in responding to community needs and contextual changes regarding the non-litigation resolution of MSME disputes.

ANALISIS PPERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKU DALAM SENGKETA PENGGUGAT TANAH WARISAN (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 25/Pdt.G/2023/Pn.Mdn) Saptadi, Muhamad Alan; Ramadhan, Muhammad Citra
Indonesia of Journal Business Law Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): IJBL - Artikel Riset Juli 2025
Publisher : Information Technology and Science (ITScience)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/ijbl.v4i2.6801

Latar belakang: Konflik antar ahli waris kerap terjadi ketika salah satu pihak menguasai harta peninggalan secara sepihak, mengabaikan hak pihak lain, dan memicu permasalahan hukum. Perkara No. 35/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Mdn di Pengadilan Negeri Medan menjadi contoh nyata, di mana tanah Hak Guna Bangunan seluas 801 m² dikuasai tanpa persetujuan seluruh ahli waris. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode studi kasus, menelaah putusan pengadilan, peraturan perundang-undangan, dan literatur hukum untuk mengidentifikasi pemenuhan unsur perbuatan melawan hukum berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Hasil penelitian: Tindakan tergugat terbukti melanggar hak ahli waris lain, menimbulkan kerugian berupa penurunan nilai properti akibat tidak terawat, serta memiliki hubungan kausal dengan kerugian tersebut. Majelis hakim memutus tergugat melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dan menghukum untuk mengosongkan objek sengketa serta membayar ganti rugi. Kesimpulan: Temuan ini menegaskan penerapan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata dalam konteks waris, memperluas pemahaman konsep onrechtmatige daad pada hubungan kekeluargaan, dan memberikan preseden bagi penyelesaian sengketa serupa. Kepastian hukum dan dokumen waris yang sah menjadi kunci pencegahan konflik di masa depan.

Optimalisasi Fungsi Reserse Kriminal dalam Menangani Tindak Pidana Pemerasan di Kepolisan Sektor Belawan Hutapea, Marlon Dobik; Zulyadi, Rizkan; Ramadhan, M. Citra
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

The purpose of this study was to determine the function of the criminal investigator, barriers to implementation and the relationship of law enforcement carried out by the Belawan Sector Police with Community Culture in overcoming the crime of extortion in the Belawan area. The type of research used is normative juridical (legal research) by examining various formal legal rules, which are then linked to the research objectives. Sources of data used are secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study found that the Medan Belawan Police in carrying out the law enforcement function of the Police and implementing the protection function had several strategies/criminal policies in overcoming the rampant criminal acts of extortion, both preventive and repressive efforts. The obstacles faced by law enforcement can be divided into internal and external barriers. Internal barriers and external barriers. The relationship between criminal law enforcement is not only pursuing the principle of formal law enforcement, but if there is room or opportunity to prevent criminal acts from happening, this is certainly better to implement. This means that the police protection function must be maximized through programs to prevent the occurrence of criminal acts in the community.

Peran Keimigrasian terhadap Penyalagunaan Izin Tinggal Warga Negara Asing di Kota Medan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Rumagit, Joni; Isnaini, Isnaini; Ramadhan, M. Citra
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 4, No 4 (2022): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), May
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

This thesis research uses normative legal research, namely research that refers to the legal norms contained in the laws and regulations that apply as a normative footing. Immigration law regulations regarding residence permits for foreign citizens (WNA) in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic: the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration, Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 31 of 2013 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration. The role of the Immigration Office Special Class I TPI Medan in supervising the residence permit of foreign citizens (WNA) in Medan City during the Covid-19 pandemic: a. The Role of Immigration as a Structural Component, b. The Role of Immigration Oversight of Foreign Citizens (WNA) Stay Permits in Medan City During the Covid-19 Pandemic, c. The Role of Immigration as a Substance Component. d. The Role of Immigration as a Component of Culture or Legal Culture.

Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Pencurian dengan Kekerasan di Wilayah Hukum Kepolisian Sektor Medan Labuhan Rahmadysah, Andi; Ramadhan, M. Citra; Zulyadi, Rizkan
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 5, No 2 (2022): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

This study aims to determine the legal regulation of criminal acts with violence in the Indonesian legal system, the obstacles and efforts of the Medan Labuhan Sector Police in eradicating the crime of theft with violence. The research method used is normative juridical with a qualitative approach. The results of the study found that the regulation of the crime of theft with violence is regulated in Article 365 of the Criminal Code, and the crime of theft with violence is included in the category of traditional crimes that are disturbing to the community. There are two obstacles, namely internal obstacles consisting of the lack of human resources (HR) budget for investigations and investigations, minimal Crime facilities or facilities, Members of the Criminal Investigation Unit of the Medan Labuhan Police who always exchange / move to other places (Mutations). External factors, namely the culture of low community legal compliance, weak synergistic institutional relations, wide and high population, urbanization, the influence of narcotics and gambling that occur in the Medan Labuhan sub-district. Non-penal efforts are carried out by taking pre-emptive and preventive actions, while the penal efforts carried out by the Medan Labuhan Police are to carry out investigations, examinations, detentions, and arrests as well as investigations by applying criminal law as the ultimum remedium for criminal law enforcement.

Peran Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PPNS) Terhadap Penegakan Hukum Kekayaan Intelektual Di Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukam Dan Ham Sumatera Utara Lubis, Muhammad Koginta; Ramadhan, M. Citra; Isnaini, Isnaini
Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) Vol 5, No 3 (2023): Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), February
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the legal arrangements regarding the role of Civil Servant Investigators (PPNS) in enforcing intellectual property and what factors influence it in the office of the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of North Sumatra. The research method used is normative-empirical legal research, in order to obtain normative legal provisions and their application to any particular legal event. The results of the study show that the role of Civil Servant Investigators (PPNS) in enforcing intellectual property law is contained in article 1 paragraph (1) of Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning criminal procedure law (KUHAP) and in Laws related to Intellectual Property, apart from it is specifically regulated in Kepmenkumham Number M.HH-01-.H1.07.02 of 2015 concerning Guidelines for Implementation of Crime Management in the Field of Intellectual Property including: pre-emptive, preventive and repressive roles; In carrying out its role as a law enforcer for criminal acts of intellectual property rights it has not been maximized; and Factors that influence law enforcement on criminal acts of intellectual property rights, namely: statutory factors, in the matter of complaint offenses; law enforcement factors, in the case of a minimum number of members; Facility and infrastructure factors that are less supportive; factor of legal awareness, in terms of the lack of legal counseling; and cultural factors, related to differences in norms in intellectual property law between those in society and regulations.

Co-Authors Adam Ade Liniarty Daulay Agung Suharyanto Agus Sugiyarso Ahmad Ari Pandi Harahap Aldyan Teoly Telaumbanua alvi syahrin amelia alsa Andi Hakim Lubis andrio Bukit Ardhana, Salsa Novia Artha Sebayang Awaludin awaludin Ayub Dermawan Berani PA BUDIMAN GINTING D K Dewi Dahlia Kusuma Dewi dahlia kusuma dewi Damanik, Diko Rolan Damanik, Putra Brima Sakti Darwinsyah Minin Dedek Efri Wibowo Dejan Gemelar Raja Guk-Guk Dwi Dris Juliansyah Edi Tuahta Putra Saragih Edi Warman Ediwarman Ediwarman Ediwarman Ediwarman Fadillah Fauza Fitri Yanni Dewi Siregar Gurning, Romiduk Hanafi Harahap Hasanuddin Herman Frenky Sinaga Herman Sentosa Hery Widijanto Hutapea, Marlon Dobik Irma Herliza Rizki IRVANDI, IRVANDI Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Isnaini Jaya Prana Pinem Jaya Syah Putra Jayenov Isak Jusmadi Sikumbang Khadijah, Siti Nur Khairuddin Khairuddin Leonyta Rotua Limbong, Dayat Limbong, Wintar Limrogate Immmanuel Limutra, William Leonardy Liston Andy Saputra Butar – Butar Lubis, Muhammad Koginta M. Yusrizal Adi Syahputra Marlina, Marlina Marsella Marsella Martha, Andhyka Martinu Jaya Halawa Maryoso, Maryoso Maswandi Montayana Meher Nanang Tomi Sitorus Nasution, Emil Mursyidin Nasution, Sulhan Iqbal Natanail Sitepu Pasaribu, Enni Martalena Paulus H Sinaga Putri, Ade Rafiqi Rahmad Gaol Hasibuan Rahmadysah, Andi Ramadhan, Dody Ichsan Ridha Haykal Amal Riska Fitriani Siregar Riswan Munthe Rizkan Zulyadi Rizkan Zulyandi Rudi Salam Sinaga Rumagit, Joni Saptadi, Muhamad Alan Sartika Yuli Sedarita Ginting Serimin Pinem Shinta Nikita Sibarani, Henri Ritson Silviana, Dini Simanjuntak, Hinzky Alestin Sinambela, Sakti Andreas Siregar, Bismar Parlindungan Siregar, Taufik Siti Nur Khadijah Sunarmi Sunarmi Syaiful Hakim Siregar Tanjung, Putri Marwin Taufik Siregar Tigor Maruhum Sitorus Tri Nova Eka Putri Sinamo Utary Maharany Barus Vicky Fadian Wenggedes Frensh Widiya, Yunita Restu Windianto Windianto Yadi, Pitra Yasmirah Mandasari Saragih Yudhanto, Dimas Yunita Yunita Zhang Jing Zulkifli Harahap Zulmansyah Tanjung

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