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PENERAPAN PRINSIP PACTA SUN SERVANDA DALAM KASUS PELANGGARAN HAM PADA KEBIJAKAN OPEN THE GATE POLICYMILIK JERMAN Oktaviasari, Awanda Cindy; Saleh, Mohammad
Jurnal HUKUM BISNIS Vol 9 No 5 (2025): Volume 9 No 5 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Narotama

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examines the application of the pacta sunt servanda principle in the context of Germany’s Open the Gate Policy as a response to the Syrian refugee crisis. The pacta sunt servanda principle obliges states to honor international agreements they have ratified, including the 1951 Refugee Convention and various European Union regulations such as the Lisbon Treaty and the Dublin Regulation. In practice, Germany initially became one of the most open countries to refugees; however, this policy triggered serious challenges, including allegations of human rights violations in refugee camps and procedural inconsistencies with international standards. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and historical approaches. The findings indicate that although Germany adhered to international agreements at the outset, it faced legal and reputational consequences due to inadequate human rights protections in implementation. The study recommends the importance of aligning domestic policies with international obligations to prevent violations against refugees and asylum seekers. Furthermore, the active involvement of international institutions such as the UNHCR is essential in monitoring the enforcement of human rights principles at the global level. Keywords: Pacta Sunt Servanda, Open the Gate Policy, Germany, Syrian Refugees, Human Rights Violations, International Law
Efektivitas Sanksi Terhadap Pelanggaran Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Mengenai Penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 Saleh, Mohammad; Ismail, Ismail; Mau, Hedwig Adianto
JOURNAL of LEGAL RESEARCH Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jlr.v5i1.26197

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Melalui Keputusan Presiden Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang penetapan Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19), pada tanggal 31 Maret 2020, Presiden menetapkan Corona Virus sebagai jenis penyakit yang menimbulkan kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat. Dengan penetapan status kedaruratan kesehatan masyarakat maka management penanggulangan.  bencana harus dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-udangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dan empiris. Penelitian normatif dilakukan dengan mengkaji data kepustakaan yang merupakan data sekunder, berupa kebijakan pemerintah dalam penanganan Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) yang kemudian terkait dengan penerapan Maklumat Kepala Kepolisian Republik Indonesia Nomor: Mak/2/III/2020 tentang Kepatuhan Terhadap Kebijakan Pemerintah Dalam Penanganan Penyebaran Virus Corona (Covid-19) dalam upaya penegakan melalui jalur hukum dengan sarana sanksi pidana.
Juridical Analysis of the Causes of the Issuance of Certificates of Management Rights on Land With Property Rights Certificates: Analisis Yuridis Mengenai Sebab-Sebab Terbitnya Sertifikat Hak Pengelolaan Atas Tanah Bersertifikat Hak Milik Mohammad Saleh; Suhadi, Suhadi
Annual Review of Legal Studies Vol. 1 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/arls.vol1i3.12547

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Land is a very vital asset for every person and country. When viewed from the physical and value aspects of the soil, it is certainly a thing that has economic and political value in it. Problems that arise in the soil in Indonesia have been a very long time even since the time of the Netherlands because of its high value, problems often arise. For example, the Jepara Regency Government with its citizen named Tanto Untung and his heir Tanto Santoso has even reached the Court with Decision Nomo 19/Pdt.G/2020/PN Jepara. This research is carried out by means of qualitative research using a sociological juridical or empirical juridical approach. The sources used are primary and secondary sources obtained from observations, interviews, documentation and also literature studies. The results of this study show that there is a way of land acquisition carried out by the Jepara Regency Government that is known to the holder of the Certificate from which the land claim originated. The existence of two rights that exist on a piece of land without legal clarity is referred to as a double certificate. The registration of management rights processed by the Jepara Land Office which produced the management right certificate Number 6 of 1998 Jobokuto on behalf of the Jepara Regency Government without taking into account whether the land has or not causes an overlap of rights in the future. The heirs who do not know the land boundary are also a problem that the court decision by the Jepara Land Office cannot be implemented in accordance with the Minister of Agrarian Affairs Number 21 of 2020 concerning the Handling and Settlement of Land Cases, the Jepara Land Office by implementing the decision Number 19/Pdt.G/2020/PN Jpa
Preferensi Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian D.co Pizza Bondowoso Sebagai Produk Alternatif Yulianti, Riska; Saleh, Mohammad; Jumiati, Aisah
IJABAH Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): IJABAH
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ijabah.v3i2.1261

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Currently there is widespread news regarding calls for action to switch to alternative products from companies that support Israel's genocide against Palestine, one of which is through an international boycott under the command of Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions. One of the BDS lists is another quite controversial boycott list, including Pizza Hut, MCD, Wix, Burger King, Papa John's Pizza and Domino's Pizza. The Indonesian Ulema Council also issued MUI Fatwa number 83 of 2023 as a response to the Palestinian struggle. The above phenomenon makes people more careful in buying products that are on the boycott list and start switching to alternative products, namely local products. One of the local Bondowoso products which is an alternative product is D.Co Pizza Bondowoso which has its own competitiveness and characteristics. separately, but it is not yet known exactly what factors influence people's shift to alternative products, especially at D.Co Pizza Bondowoso. This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of knowledge of MUI fatwa number 83 of 2023 and religiosity on purchasing decisions for D.Co Pizza Bondowoso. The method used is explanatory research using binary logistic regression analysis. From the results of logistic regression analysis calculations, a significant relationship was obtained between knowledge on purchasing decisions and religiosity on purchasing decisions.
Pengembangan Komitmen Organisasi Pada Karyawan Lazismu (Lembaga Amil Zakat, Infaq dan Sadaqah Muhammadiyah) Kabupaten Gresik Maulana, Muhammad Rafi; Saleh, Mohammad; Munir, Akhmad
IJABAH Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): IJABAH
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ijabah.v3i2.5677

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Organizational commitment is key to the success of Islamic philanthropic institutions that manage public funds based on trust. This study analyzes the condition of organizational commitment and its development strategies among employees of Lazismu Kabupaten Gresik, a zakat institution with a high reputation for accountability and a strong Islamic culture. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through case studies, data was obtained from in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results of the study show that the three dimensions of organizational commitment—affective, sustainable, and normative—are formed simultaneously with different drivers. Affective commitment arises from the internalization of spiritual values and the meaning of work as worship, sustainable commitment is influenced by rational considerations such as income stability and career opportunities, while normative commitment is strengthened by a sense of moral and religious responsibility. Lazismu develops employee commitment through the strengthening of spiritual values, a performance-based reward system, employee involvement in decision-making, and the provision of clear career paths. These findings enrich the Three-Component Model of Organizational Commitment with the context of Islamic work ethics, while also confirming the relevance of social exchange theory in faith-based nonprofit organizations. This study provides theoretical contributions and offers a practical model for zakat institutions in designing human resource policies that balance religious values and modern management practices.
Transaksi Alat Kesehatan Secara Elektronik Di Marketplace Sandjaja, Arif; Saleh, Mohammad
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Maret - April 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

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This article aims to specifically examine Electronic Medical Device Transactions in the Marketplace. As is known, since the Covid-19 pandemic, the value of transactions via the internet network has increased rapidly, due to a shift in consumer spending patterns from face-to-face transactions to online transactions. Even now, after the end of the Covid-19 pandemic, the habit of shopping online has become a new habit, including for medical equipment products which basically have their own regulations regarding conventional distribution. Apart from that, it is necessary to study various laws and regulations related to the distribution of medical devices in Indonesia, reveal gaps in administrative law, and it is hoped that this can contribute to ideas so that the interests of the wider community are protected.
Penanganan Perkara Tindak Pidana Narkotika Yang Di Lakukan Oleh Prajurit TNI Angkatan Laut Sutejo; Saleh, Mohammad
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Maret - April 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v4i3.1957

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The involvement of Navy soldiers in narcotics and Psychotropic crimes requires consistent efforts for their prevention and eradication. The consistency of the TNI leadership in efforts to prevent the involvement of TNI soldiers in narcotics and Psychotropic crimes is carried out by issuing regulations, either in the form of Telegram letters (ST) of the TNI commander or decisions of the Chief of Naval Staff. For Navy soldiers who are proven to be involved in abuse, depositors, dealers and manufacturers of narcotics and Psychotropic Substances must be held legally responsible. As for the form of responsibility, it also varies depending on the degree of guilt, it starts to be rehabilitated, the investigation process is carried out by the pom TNI, until the case is submitted to military justice and is proposed to be fired. The purpose of this study was to analyze the handling of cases of narcotics and Psychotropic crimes committed by Navy soldiers and law enforcement against cases of narcotics and Psychotropic crimes committed by Navy soldiers.
Kebijakan Pidana Mati Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Narkotika Di Lingkungan Prajurit TNI Sutejo; Saleh, Mohammad
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Maret - April 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v4i3.1958

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Regulation on the eradication and countermeasures of narcotics and psychotropic substances (drugs) in Indonesia is known for very strict sanctions in the form of death penalty for drug dealers and dealers who meet certain criteria. Globally, death penalty sanctions pose pros and cons. For those who are against the death penalty is considered contrary to human rights values, while for those who are pro, consider that human rights have restrictions, namely respect for other human rights. In law enforcement against TNI soldiers involved in the circulation of narcotics and psychotropic substances, in addition to being guided by the criminal law that applies to everyone, there are also additional criminal sanctions stipulated in the Criminal Code. In addition, the thing that differentiates is the mechanism and procedure. For the general public, it is processed through the general court, while for soldiers it is processed through the military justice mechanism. The development of death penalty sanctions has shifted with the promulgation of Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code which will take effect from January 2, 2026.
Perampasan Aset Perampasan Aset Terpidana Tindak Pidana Korupsi Sebagai Pemulihan Keuangan Negara Syakila, Rima Mangheskhar; Mohammad Saleh
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik (Mei - Juni 2024)
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v4i4.2070

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Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai pemulihan kerugian keuangan negara akibat kejahatan tindak pidana korupsi dengan cara melakukan perampasan aset terhadap pelaku kejahatan. Sebagaimana diketahui, Hukuman pidana tidak menjadi ancaman bagi pelaku kejahatan. Para pelaku kejahatan korupsi tidak menunjukan rasa malu dan kekhawatiran saat mereka ditahan. Hasil dari kejahatan yang mengakibatkan kerugian keuangan negara harus dilakukan pemulihan, karena terkait dengan perekonomian seperti kebutuhan Pembangunan infrastruktur dan penunjang lainnya dalam meningkatkan ekonomi negara serta kesejahteraan masyarakat. Karakteristik aset yang dapat dirampas untuk pemulihan kerugian keuangan negara pada kasus korupsi di Indonesia adalah barang bergerak yang berwujud atau yang tidak berwujud atau barang tidak bergerak bernilai ekonomi yang berasal dari hasil korupsi. Penegakan hukum dengan cara perbaikan sistem dan pengajuan rancangan undang-undang perampasan aset sebagai usaha pemulihan kerugian keuangan negara dilaksanakan oleh Kejaksaan, Kepolisian, Komisi Pemberantas Korupsi (KPK) dan Pemerintah terkait.
Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (Spbe) Dalam Mewujudkan Prinsip Good Governance Pada Pemerintahan Daerah Wijaya, Andrew; Saleh, Mohammad
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v5i3.4201

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Kemajuan teknologi informasi dan globalisasi membawa tantangan bagi pemerintahan di seluruh dunia untuk menciptakan tata kelola yang lebih efisien, transparan, dan akuntabel. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan adalah penerapan Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE), yang memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK) untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik dan efisiensi administrasi pemerintahan. Di Indonesia, SPBE bertujuan untuk mendigitalisasi berbagai proses pemerintahan guna menciptakan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan efisiensi operasional. Namun, meskipun terdapat berbagai kebijakan hukum yang mendukung, implementasi SPBE di tingkat daerah masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan, termasuk ketidakseimbangan infrastruktur teknologi, kesiapan SDM, serta masalah keamanan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan SPBE di pemerintah daerah Indonesia dan mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor kunci yang mendukung keberhasilannya dalam meningkatkan transparansi dan menciptakan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan rekomendasi strategis bagi pemerintah daerah dalam mengoptimalkan implementasi SPBE untuk mencapai tujuan good governance dan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik