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All Journal International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology Jurnal Teknik Mesin Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Jurnal Teknologi SINTEK JURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin Rekayasa Mesin Sinergi Prosiding Semnastek Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology Jurnal Penjaminan Mutu Journal of Community Services and Engagement Jurnal Elemen Teknomekanik Community Empowerment Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET) Jurnal Teknik Mesin Asean Journal of Science and Engineering (AJSE) Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Automotive Experiences Jurnal Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan Urecol Journal. Part D: Applied Sciences Innovation in Health for Society Jurnal Penjaminan Mutu International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET)
Muji Setiyo
Universitas Muhamadiyah Magelang
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Transportation Other

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Pyrolysis for plastic waste: Environmental goals vs business interests, which is more realistic? Muji Setiyo; Sunaryo Sunaryo; Muhammad Latifur Rochman
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol 5 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.14149

Abstract

Global plastic production exceeds 390 million tons annually, yet only about 9% is recycled, leaving severe environmental impacts. Pyrolysis is emerging as a promising solution, converting plastic waste into fuels and chemicals. However, popular claims on mass media and commercial technology publications, that 1 kg of plastic yields 1 liter of fuel are misleading, as they ignore differences in mass, volume, and fuel density. Pyrolysis oil can indeed serve as fuel but often needs further refining to meet engine standards. Economically, it holds potential, with oil prices ranging from USD 600–900 per ton and syngas generating up to 800 kWh per ton. Nonetheless, high capital and operational costs challenge its feasibility, particularly for small-scale operations. Environmentally, pyrolysis aligns with sustainability and circular economy goals, potentially reducing emissions by up to 3.5 tons of CO₂-equivalent per ton of plastic processed. This paper examines pyrolysis critically, addressing misconceptions and evaluating its realistic prospects as both an environmental solution and a business venture.
Indonesian engineers, the free nutritious meal program (MBG) needs you! Muji Setiyo
Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/mesi.16112

Abstract

Indonesia's Free Nutrition Meal Program (Makan Bergizi Gratis, MBG), launched in January 2025, is a national social policy designed to improve the nutritional quality of schoolchildren and strengthen social justice. However, in the early stages of implementation, various obstacles such as uneven distribution of services, lack of standard operating procedures, weak supervision, and cases of food poisoning indicate systemic vulnerabilities in kitchen operations. MBG kitchens are not home-scale kitchens, but rather industrial-scale food production facilities that handle perishable food under high time pressure. Therefore, food quality control and safety cannot be adequately addressed through human resource management and training alone but require the integration of engineering into system design and control. In response to these concerns, this editorial calls for the involvement of interdisciplinary engineers to provide evidence-based critique and input on the standardization and sustainability of MBG kitchens. Several engineering needs have been identified, including energy-efficient hot water systems, cold chains, tableware sterilization, ventilation, ergonomic layouts, wastewater management, water recovery, modular kitchens for remote areas, conveyor-based washing automation, and remote process monitoring and recording. In addition, the involvement of engineers and professional associations is essential in formulating and refining evidence-based policies to optimize implementation, while also reducing risks during MBG operations.
Addressing National Needs: Design Thinking-Driven Engineering of a Multi-Purpose Logistics Vehicle for Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) Program Indra Candra Setiawan; Muji Setiyo; Muhammad Latifur Rochman
Automotive Experiences Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.16146

Abstract

Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meals Program (MBG), launched in January 2025, aims to deliver daily meals to up to 80 million beneficiaries but faces persistent logistical challenges related to geographic dispersion, vehicle limitations, and food safety risks. Conventional delivery vehicles are often incompatible with Indonesia's diverse terrain, resulting in inefficiencies, food spoilage, and service delays. Therefore, this article advances an evidence-based design argument that positions Design Thinking, augmented by Kansei Engineering principles, as a practical design logic for addressing these nationally significant challenges through real-world vehicle adaptation. Grounded in stakeholder engagement, field observation, and iterative prototyping, a Toyota GUN125-based multi-purpose logistics vehicle was developed to support end-to-end MBG meal distribution. Key design interventions include a reconfigurable rear cabin with a three-way door system, a dedicated food trolley, reinforced suspension, and ergonomically optimized loading and unloading mechanisms. These features were derived from operational pain points and translated into engineering solutions through an iterative Design Thinking process. Field validation along a 25 km distribution route provides empirical support for the proposed design. Performance evidence indicates 98.7% operational uptime, zero thermal breaches, food waste reduced to 2% from a 28% baseline, and a 42% reduction in delivery cycle time from 5.5 hours to 3.2 hours. The vehicle configuration supports a distribution capacity of up to 612 meals per school and achieved Kansei post-test scores averaging 4.6 out of 5 for reliability and user-friendliness. The integrated evidence demonstrates how user-centered automotive engineering, grounded in operational realities, can enhance public service logistics performance. The proposed vehicle concept offers a scalable and locally adaptable platform aligned with MBG objectives and provides a transferable design perspective for other perishable goods distribution systems.
Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV): Status Teknologi dan Peluang Pengembangannya Roni Muhammad Susanto; Muji Setiyo
Automotive Experiences Vol. 1 No. 01 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.778 KB) | DOI: 10.31603/ae.v1i01.2000

Abstract

Artikel ini menyajikan sebuah review teknologi kendaraan berbahan bakar Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) atau yang dikenal dengan Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV). Metode review yang digunakan adalah dengan membandingkan teknologi Bosch Compressed Natural Gas Powertrain dengan beberapa laporan penelitian yang relevan dari segi output daya mesin, efek lingkungan, dan manfaat secara ekonomi. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa output daya kendaraan yang dioperasikan dengan CNG lebih rendah daripada yang dioperasikan dengan bensin atau LPG karena efisiensi volumetrik yang rendah. Namun demikian, dari aspek lingkungan dan aspek ekonomi, kendaraan CNG menjanjikan untuk dikembangkan pada masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang karena faktor kesediaan di alam. Meskipun ketercapaian BEP kendaraan yang dikonversikan dari bensin ke CNG lebih lama daripada LPG, kendala ini dapat diatasi dengan pemberian insentif oleh pemerintah untuk percepatan program konversi.
Application of a PEM Fuel Cell Engine as a Small-Scale Power Generator for Small Cars with Different Fuel Concentrations: Fuel cell engine Yusuf Dewantoro Herlambang; Wahyu Sulistiyo; Margana Margana; Nanang Apriandi; Marliyati Marliyati; Muji Setiyo; Jin Cherng Shyu
Automotive Experiences Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.9225

Abstract

A fuel cell power generation system is a renewable energy system that works based on electrochemical processes and produces a direct electric current (DC). Specifically, a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell can operate at low temperatures and produce an efficiency of around 40-60%. In this study, the performance test of the PEM Fuel Cell for power generation was carried out by supplying hydrogen gas using hydrogen from the electrolysis of the hydrogen generator with a variation of KOH catalyst solution with a concentration of 0.5 M; 1.0 M; 1.5 M; 2 M and using Ultra High Purity (UHP) hydrogen with various flow rates of 250 mL/min, 300 mL/min, 350 mL/min, 400 mL/min, 450 mL/min, and 500 mL/min. The test results showed that the output power of hydrogen produced by the electrolysis process was 10.8 W at a concentration of 1 M solutions at an input current of 20 A. The greater the concentration of the catalyst solution, the smaller the electrical power required for the electrolysis process. However, the hydrogen power supply produced by the hydrogen generator was not optimal, so it did not meet the needs of the PEM Fuel Cell. As a result, the PEM Fuel Cell could not work. Meanwhile, testing with UHP hydrogen produced the highest electrical power of 31.588 W at a flow rate of 450 mL/min with a load of 20 W. It indicates that the PEM Fuel Cell is optimal at the output power value with an efficiency of 69.80%.
Analysis of the Temperature Variation of Bizarre Thermal Barrier Coatings and their impacts on Engine Thirunavukkarasu Raja; Muji Setiyo; Veeramanikandan Murugan; Sathish Dhandapani
Automotive Experiences Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.9802

Abstract

This article presents Ansys simulations and experimental testing to determine how TBC affects engine performance and emissions. In this work, two distinct thermal barrier coatings have been identified, and the same coating materials were subsequently sprayed onto the pistons of an internal combustion engine. Transient thermal analysis reveals that TBC-1 and TBC-2 coatings reduce surface temperature distributions by 35% and 18%, respectively, and that these engines improve Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) by 8.71% and 7.62%, respectively, compared to non-coated engines operating under full load. TBC-1 and TBC-2 coated engines are found to have Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) reductions of 27.13% and 18.81%, respectively. Complete combustion reduces emissions of CO and HC, as the heat balance sheet indicates because the conversion of energy and mechanical work are enhanced by 3.56 percentage points and 2.0 percentage points, respectively.
Particulate Matter Emission from Combustion and Non-Combustion Automotive Engine Process: Review and Computational Bibliometric Analysis on Its Source, Sizes, and Health and Lung Impact Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto; Risti Ragadhita; Muji Setiyo; Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi Al Obaidi; Arif Hidayat
Automotive Experiences Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10259

Abstract

This study aimed to comprehensively analyze particulate matter (PM) emissions from vehicles, focusing on their sources based on combustion and non-combustion process, classification (PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1), and health implications (including PM transportation into lungs). Employing bibliometric analysis, we assessed the growth of scientific publications related to PM, identifying top-cited works based on citations, publisher, author, country, and affiliation. We also visually mapped the development of research in this field using keyword-based publication data from Scopus (2019-2023) with the keywords "particulate matter", "emission”, and "particle size" by utilizing Publish or Perish and VOSviewer software. Our findings underscore a significant uptrend in particulate matter research, shedding light on key areas of investigation. This study serves as a valuable resource for academics seeking research direction and a reference point for future investigations.
Study on Solar Powered Electric Vehicle with Thermal Management Systems on the Electrical Device Performance Yusuf Dewantoro Herlambang; Wahyu Sulistiyo; Margana Margana; Nanang Apriandi; Septiantar Tebe Nursaputro; Marliyati Marliyati; Muji Setiyo; Wawan Purwanto; Muhammad Latifur Rochman; Jin Cherng Shyu
Automotive Experiences Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10506

Abstract

This study aims to determine the reliability of applying a thermal management system in conjunction with Internet of Things in solar electric cars. In conventional electric cars or those whose driving energy source comes from gasoline fuel; the applied thermal management system is mainly used as a coolant for the internal combustion engine. However, for electric cars the thermal management system may be used for the main components such as controllers that convert solar module energy into electricity and batteries. Results from tests utilizing six DC fans for air cooling of the thermal management system yield two variations of battery charging conditions from the solar modules, namely variations of 25 and 400 turns of the trimmer constant current step-up charger. Test results from the proposed thermal management system show that the highest step-up charger temperature is 35.75 °C with voltage of 57.64 V for the variation of 25 laps. The test results on the battery voltage and temperature show that the highest battery temperature reaches 31.75 °C with voltage of 57.3 V at the variation of 25 rounds.
Characterizing of Nano Activated Bio-Carbon of Sago Waste as a Homogeneous Combustion Catalyst Hendry Y. Nanlohy; Helen Riupassa; Muji Setiyo
Automotive Experiences Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.10619

Abstract

Alternative fuels were developed by blending crude coconut oil and bio-carbon nanoparticles. Bio-carbon, derived from sago waste via pyrolysis and ground using a ball mill, underwent FTIR testing to assess its energy absorption capabilities. SEM analysis was conducted to examine the surface morphology of bio-catalyst with and without crude coconut oil. The findings indicate that incorporating bio-catalyst can enhance mechanical properties, facilitating rapid heat absorption, as evidenced by reduced flashpoint and viscosity. In addition, the results show an increase in fuel mass, broadening of molecular contacts, increased reactivity, and increased heat absorption for easier ignition. This phenomenon indicates that bio-carbon of sago waste have great potential for biofuel use as a homogeneous combustion catalyst.
Fueling the Future: The Case for Heavy-Duty Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles in Sustainable Transportation Indra Chandra Setiawan; Muji Setiyo
Automotive Experiences Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ae.11285

Abstract

In the global pursuit of transportation decarbonization, this essay asserts that heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) technology represents a more compelling path forward than light-duty FCEVs. The inherent advantages of fuel cells, such as extended range, rapid refueling, and sustained performance, make them well-suited for demanding applications like trucking and public transit. Heavy-duty FCEVs offer significant potential for emissions reduction, integration with existing infrastructure, and economies of scale through commercial fleet adoption. While the upfront investment is substantial, the essay examines how operational benefits can gradually offset costs, emphasizing the importance of heavy-duty FCEVs in sustainable transportation solutions.
Co-Authors Abdul Wahid Jamin Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi Al Obaidi Aditya Kolakoti Aditya Kolakoti Aditya Kolakoti Aditya Kolakoti Aditya Kolakoti Aditya Kolakoti Agung Setyo Pambudi Agus Setiawan Ahmad Irfan Akmal Putra Fardinansyah Al Husaeni, Dwi Fitria Al-Obaidi, Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi Alfiana Fitri Istiqomah Alper Calam Ambati Vijay Kumar Amir Amir Andi Widiyanto Andrizal Andrizal Andy Efendi Anwar Anwar Anwar Anwar Arif Hidayat Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto Asnil Asnil Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno Azizah Azizah Azizah, Renata Lintang Azmi, W. H. Azuan Ahmad Bagas Arif Prasetyo Baginda Pangidoan Tanjung Bagiyo Condro P Bagiyo Condro Purnomo Bagiyo Condro Purnomo BAGYO CONDRO P Bambang Sudarmanta Battal DoÄŸan Bobbili Prasadarao Budi Waluyo Budi Waluyo Budi Waluyo Budiyanto Chrisna Bagus Edhita Praja Cionita, Tezara Damar Setyo Prakasa Darmawan Rois David Prayogo DerviÅŸ Erol Dhasa Ikrar Setyanansyach Dhasa Ikrar Setyanansyach Dhimas Cahyo Anindito Dori Yuvenda Dwi Ahmad R Dwi Ahmad Rizani Dwi Novia Al Husaeni Dwi Restianto Dwi Sudarno Putra Eko Muh Widodo Eko Muh Widodo Fahrizin, Nazar Fidelis Ibiang Abam Fitriyana, Deni Fajar Fungky Dyan Pertiwi Fungky Dyan Pertiwi Fungky Dyan Pertiwi Gaga Putra Setiawan Geeri, Satish Gozali, Muchamad Gunawan Refiadi Hadi, Agung Efriyo Hary Abdul Hakim Hasan Köten Hedi Purnomo Helen Riupassa Hendry Y. Nanlohy Heni Lutfiyati, Heni Heni Setyowati Esti Rahayu Husaeni, Dwi Novia Al Ilham Habibi Ilham Habibi Ilham Habibi, Ilham Imran, Al Ichlas Indra Candra Setiawan Indra Chandra Setiawan Jamaludin Jamaludin Jamiluddin, Jamiluddin Januar Parlaungan Siregar Jin Cherng Shyu Junid, Ramli Karmiadji, Djoko Wahyu Katakam Satyanarayana Khoirudin Khoirudin, Khoirudin Khoirul Fa’i Kivevele, Thomas Kolakoti, Aditya Krismadinata Krismadinata Kusumadewi, Tri Vicca Laksono Trisnantoro Lalank Samudra Mukti Hidayat Leo Utoro Lilik Budiyarto Luki Fahmi Luthfi, Akbar Lutifyati, Heni Macmanus Chinenye Ndukwu Madihah Mohd Saudi Marcin Noga Margana Margana Marliyati Marliyati Martias Martias Mat Rejab, Mohd. Ruzaimi Mehmet Akçay Metta Raghu Moehamad Aman Moehamad Aman Mohamad Agus Ramly Mohamad Heerwan Bin Peeie Muchamad Gozali Muhamad Latifur Rochman Muhammad Imron Rosyidi Muhammad Iqbal Al-Fikri Muhammad Kunta Biddinika Muhammad Latifur Rochman Muhammad Luthfi Muhammad Mauludin Kharim Muhammad Rizal I Muhammad Rizal Ibrahim Murti Ayu Nursafitri Mycel A. Capilayan Nanang Apriandi Nanda Ferdiansyah Nasmi Herlina Sari Nor Azwadi Che Sidik Noto Widodo Noto Widodo Noto Widodo Oki Muraza Oktavi Barkah Lukmana Oliver Ibor Inah Olusegun David Samuel Olusegun David Samuel Onyishi Donatus Uchechukwu Pirouzfar, Vahid Prasasti Bayu Aji Pramono Prasetyo, Bagas Arif Prima Nofan Ryastama Purnomo, Hedi Purnomo, Tuessi Ari Purwanto, Wawan Putra, Randi Purnama Ragadhita, Risti Raghu Metta Ragil Widyorini Rahadian Zainul Rahmat Desman Koto Rahmawan, Muhammad Andi Raja, Thirunavukkarasu Ramli Junid Ray Adhan Brieghtera Refaldy Pristiwantoro Remon Lapisa Remy Uche Retno Rusdjijati Rifky Ismail Rifky Ismail Rifky Ismail Rifqi Nugroho Riyan Adhy Pratama Riyan Tri Aditya Pamungkas Rizani, Dwi Ahmad Rochman, Muhamad Latifur Roni Muhammad Susanto Rosyidi, Muhammad Imron Rozanna Dewi Rusdjijati, Retno Saifudin Saifudin Saifudin Saifudin Salih Özer Sathish Dhandapani Selcuk Sarikoc Septiantar Tebe Nursaputro Setyo Widiantoro Siregar, Januar Parlaungan Sofyan Kurniawan Sri Rizki Putri Primandari Sukarman Sukarman Sulistyo Sulistyo Sumarno Adi Subrata Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Suroto Munahar Susanto, Roni Muhammad Suyitno Suyitno Thirunavukkarasu Raja Thirunavukkarasu Raja Thirunavukkarasu Raja Thomas Kivevele Tuessi Ari Purnomo Vahid Pirouzfar Veeramanikandan Murugan Volodymyr Tymofiiv Wagino Wagino Wahyu Danu Romadlon Wahyu Sulistiyo Widha Bagus Fahriansyah Yun Arifatul Fatimah Yusuf Dewantoro Herlambang Zainal Arifin Zulfikar Bagus Pambuko