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THE TRIPARTITE ROLE OF THE PSYCHE IN RON WILLIAMSON’S CHARACTER IN JOHN GRISHAM’S THE INNOCENT MAN: MURDER AND INJUSTICE IN A SMALL TOWN NOVEL Hafiz Naufal Anshoor; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

Psychoanalysis is the study to analyze the human's behavior and personality. It is one of the scientific disciplines developed by Sigmund Freud. It appears to scrutinize deeper of human personality. The tripartite psyche refers to id, ego, and superego. It exists to construct human’s personality based from the experiences. The role of id, ego, and superego are to maintain or balance human’s behavior. This thesis discusses about the tripartite role of the psyche in the main character in John Grisham’s The Innocent Man: Murder and Injustice in a Small Town novel named Ron Williamson. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate Ron Williamson’s tripartite psyche portrayed in the novel. The researcher used qualitative research methodology and psychoanalysis approach. The results of this thesis Ron Williamson, as the main character is a unique character. The Id of Ron Williamson depicted in the novel are immoral, uncontrollable, unethical, troublemaker, selfish, drunk, childish, excessive, erratic, unpredictable, hallucination, disoriented, mood swings, uncertain, delusional, and confused. In the other hand, the ego of Ron Williamson are worried, regret, reduce the selfishness, responsible, mindful, slowly unconfused, reduced the troublemaker, honest, patience, and rational thinking. The last is superego of Ron Williamson are polite, good attitudes, servant of God, sympathetic, stable behavior, intelligent, more sensible thinking, more responsive to his surroundings, devout Christian, quit from troublemaker, break out from selfishness, and forgiving. Furthermore, the findings show that those depictions are from conflicts to other minor character, self-conflict, direct description from the author, dialogues, and events in each chapter.
THE PORTRAYAL OF AFRO-AMERICAN STRUGGLE AGAINST RACISM IN SELMA FILM Merlin Octafiani Ruata; Chris Asanti; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

Racism is a belief that some groups are superior and some groups are inferior. One of the literary works that tells about racist is Selma film. Selma is a film directed by Ava Du Vernay, written by Paul Webb, and was released in 2014. The film is talking about racism issues that happened in America in 1965. The entitled of this research is the portrayal of Afro American struggle against racism in Selma film formulate two research questions about kinds of racism and the way Afro- American people struggle against racism in Selma film. The purposes of this research is find out about kinds of racism and the way Afro-American people struggle against racism in Selma film. In this research, the researcher used descriptive qualitative method and racism theory. Furthermore, the data were generated from the script, dialogues, and the scenes in the film. The results of this research found two kinds of racism: individual racism and institutional racism. The finding also showed ways of struggle against racism, they are: coercion and refusal, domination and escape, subjectification and creation. The struggle of Afro- American was represented by characterization of the characters which showed racism treatment in the Film.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENT USING ECOCRITICISM IN THE LEGACY OF HEOROT NOVEL BY LARRY NIVEN, JERRY POURNELLE, AND STEVEN BARNES Theodorick Ardavid Manullang; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

This research deals with the relationship between human and environment as seen in The Legacy Of Heorot Novel by Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle, and Steven Barnes. The purpose of this research is to find out the relation between humans and the environment that affect the ecology of Avalon. This research uses qualitative method and ecocriticism theory by Greg Garrad. The theory of pastoral, wilderness, and the animal are used to analyze the relationship between human and environment and the behavior of main character towards nature. The result of this research shows that there are several relationships between human and the environment in the novel. The relationship that shows in the novel such as overhunting towards wild animal and land consumption that leads to the destruction of wild animal habitat, wild animal extinction, and overpopulation of other wild animals. Meanwhile, the main character shows his behavior towards nature to re-establish the ecology from his speech such as telling people on Avalon to stop building human settlement, prohibit overhunting activity, and reducing the overpopulated wild animal. The main character also shows his behavior from his action such as killing overpopulated Grendel using electric fence, deadfall trap, and controlling Grendel’s territory and population.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN AND NONHUMAN USING ECOCRITICISM IN GORDEN J.L RAMEL’S POEMS Manalu Yerico Calvin; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Fatimah Muhajir
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bahasa, Sastra, dan Seni (Sesanti) 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Mulawarman

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Abstract

The research aims to analyze the relationship between human and nonhuman and representation of nature in Gorden J.L Ramel’s Poems entitled “Mankind Doesn’t Agree”, “Tiger Tiger Revisited”, and “Daffodils No More”. This research used qualitative method and ecocriticism theory by Greg Garrard. There are two concepts of ecoriticism that were used by the researcher. The concepts of animals and pastoral were used to analyze the relationship between human and nonhuman and the representation of nature in the poems. The results of this research are human should not do abusive or disruptive actions as the concept of animals mentioned like human and animals should have a good relationship which means human should treat animals well. Moreover, the concept of pastoral states human and nature should have a harmony relationship which means the existence of nature should be stable as the counter of disruptive energy and change of human societies. The implication of this research the other researchers can use the other concepts of ecocriticism by Garrard Greg to analyze their research object likes a poem that discuss about nature and also other literary works.
Discrimination toward the Monster Character in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein Novel Putra, Aprilian Kurnia; Ariani, Setya; Muhajir, Fatimah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 8, No 4 (2024): Oktober 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v8i4.7265

Abstract

This qualitative study aims to analyze discrimination aspects received by the monster character using discrimination theory. The result of this study showed that the monster character received discriminative treatment from the other characters in the form of alienation. The types of discrimination found namely direct and indirect discrimination. Direct discrimination is a type of discrimination committed by someone against another person in direct action, such as bullying, and making a person is rejected in society. On the other hand, indirect discrimination is discrimination that takes the form of a policy or attitude, which has an indirect effect on someone but also does not get equality in society. The use of two types indicates that the creature is discriminated against due to its external appearance, which is very ugly and creepy and cannot be accepted by other characters that come into contact with the discriminated monster. 
AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL CONFLICT IN THE GRAND BUDAPEST HOTEL MOVIE BY WES ANDERSON Ruqoyyah, Ruqoyyah; Muhajir, Fatimah; Prafitri, Wilma
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 9, No 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v9i1.16640

Abstract

This research is titled "An Analysis of Social Conflict in The Grand Budapest Hotel Movie by Wes Anderson" explores various types of social conflicts depicted in the movie. Released in 2014, The Grand Budapest Hotel is a comedy-drama that follows the adventures of Gustave H., a dedicated hotel concierge, and his assistant, Zero Moustafa, in a fictional Eastern European country. Using qualitative descriptive research methodology and drawing upon Lewis A. Coser's framework on social conflict and Deutsch theory on the causes of social conflict. The research aims to identify the types and causes of social conflict depicted in The Grand Budapest Hotel. This study identifies three main types of social conflict: Conflict of Social Position, Conflict of Interest, and Conflict of Role. The causes of these conflicts, as reflected in the movie, include differing expertise, rivalry for position, control, and recognition, personal dislike, diverse economic interests, and drive for autonomy.Keywords: Social Conflict, Conflict of Social Position, Conflict of Interest, Conflict of Role
An Ecological Ideology of the Dyak Chief Poem As Represented from Metaphors, Appraisal, and Salience Patterns: An Ecological Discourse Analysis Zamruddin, Mardliya Pratiwi; Rahayu, Famala Eka Sanhadi; Juliastuti, Juliastuti; Muhajir, Fatimah
Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 10(1), May 2025
Publisher : Pusat Pelatihan, Riset, dan Pembelajaran Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21462/ijefl.v10i1.898

Abstract

The Dyak Chief Poem describes the poet's experience of witnessing the intersection of personal desires, cultural expectations, and the larger moral consequences of one's actions. This poem also presents a description of the nature of the island of Borneo at that time, which was still full of tropical rainforest. In addition to the themes of love, honor, and culture, this poem incorporates an ecological theme as its primary setting. Therefore, this poem is suitable for analysis using ecological discourse analysis to see whether this poem is eco-beneficial, eco-destructive, or eco-ambivalent. This research aims to determine the ecological ideology contained in this poem through metaphor, evaluation, and salience, using an ecological discourse analysis approach, which is a qualitative research method. The research results reveal that the depiction of nature as human illustrates the power of nature towards humans. In addition, upon examining the appraisal patterns, it becomes clear that only a few, such as appreciation and graduation, are directly related to nature. On the other hand, affect and judgment, on the other hand, pertain to the protagonist's own feelings and are not associated with either nature or the environment. The use of concreteness, transitivity patterns, and hyponyms reveal the salience of the poem. The researchers conclude, based on metaphor, appraisal, and salience patterns, that this poem is an eco-beneficial discourse that depicts nature as an integral part of human life, with which humans should coexist harmoniously.
Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Studies on Merida in the Brave Movie: Studi Perkembangan Psikososial Erikson tentang Merida dalam Film Brave Anjeliani; Muhajir, Fatimah
Jurnal Riseta Soshum Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): J Riseta Soshum
Publisher : B-CRETA Publisher (CV. Borneo Citra Kreatama)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70392/jrs.v2i1.3139

Abstract

This research aims to determine how the stages of Merida’s psychosocial development are represented in the Brave movie. This research uses qualitative research as the method and psychosocial development theory by Erik Erikson as the approach. Based on the result of this research, the researcher found that Merida passes five stages of the eight stages of psychosocial development theory, namely: 1) Trust vs. Mistrust is evident as Merida develops a sense of trust and feels comfortable with her mother, 2) Autonomy vs. Shame is evident as Merida develops a sense of independence through playing archery, 3) Initiative vs. Guilt is evident as Merida takes the initiative to pick up her arrow that is off target without asking her parents to accompany her, 4) Industry vs. Inferiority is evident as Merida gains skills through homeschooling with her mother, and 5) Identity vs. Role Confusion is evident as Merida knows her identity and can voice it. In conclusion, Merida is portrayed as a character who undergoes development across various stages of Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory. Her journey from building trust and autonomy to taking initiative, gaining industry skills, and ultimately establishing her identity reflects a complex portrayal of psychosocial growth in the Brave movie.
Social Conflict That Portrayed In "The House On Mango Street" Novel Wildan, Muhammad; Muhajir, Fatimah; Sudirman, Eka Pratiwi
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 9, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v9i2.19016

Abstract

Social conflict can be defined as a battle over values, and claims to limited status, power, and resources in which the opponent's goal is to neutralize, harm, or eliminate their rival. Social conflict also refers to disagreements and tensions that arise between different groups of people in society. This study aimed to explore two categories of social conflict presented in Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street: realistic and nonrealistic conflict. The researcher analyzed the novel using a sociological approach, focusing on social conflict by Lewis Coser as a central theme. Elements such as realistic and nonrealistic conflict are examined in the context of the social struggles faced by the novel's characters. The researcher argues that social conflict has the potential to influence and transform human behavior and attitudes within society. Utilizing qualitative methods, the study investigates the experiences and social realities of the characters. Data were collected from words, phrases, clauses, sentences, and paragraphs related to social conflicts throughout the narrative. The analysis reveals that indirect characterization through dialogue and character behavior is a key feature of the novel, with no direct characterization being evident. The study identifies various social conflicts, particularly between Esperanza, an immigrant, and other characters. The findings indicate that realistic conflicts emerge when Esperanza faces disappointment and sexual harassment from her peers. Additionally, nonrealistic conflicts are portrayed through tension in some situations, such as distrust and jokes from her friends that trigger conflicts.
Manifestation of Surrealism in Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Short Story The Yellow Wallpaper Muhajir, Fatimah; Nugroho, Bayu Aji
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 9, No 3 (2025): Juli 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v9i3.20484

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study examines the elements of surrealism in literary works, focusing on how authors employ realist techniques to explore subconscious realities and create complex meanings. The research uses a descriptive-qualitative method by describing data such as dialogues, narratives, or quotations, which are then processed through elaboration and analysis. This study applies surrealist literary theory, primarily referring to the ideas of André Breton as a central figure in the surrealist movement, combined with Sigmund Freud’s psychological theory. The object of analysis is a short story titled "The Yellow Wallpaper" by American feminist writer Charlotte Perkins Gilman. This short story was selected for its strong surrealist representation. The findings show that the work contains typical characteristics of surrealism, such as the blending of reality and imagination, representations of dreams, myths, fantasy, unusual symbolism, absurdity, and irrationality as the main narrative elements. Through these surrealist techniques, the author conveys implicit social and psychological critiques through the depiction of an anonymous narrator character. Thus, this study affirms that surrealism in literature is not merely an aesthetic and imaginative style, but also serves as a medium for exploring the psyche and alternative realities. Key words: surrealism, automatism, myth, fantasy, metamorphosis, short story The Yellow-Wallpaper.