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All Journal DIKSI Englisia Journal UICELL Conference Proceeding Journal on Education Jambura Journal of English Teaching and Literature SALTeL Journal (Southeast Asia Language Teaching and Learning) Journal of Language, Literature, and Teaching JAMI: Jurnal Ahli Muda Indonesia Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Proficiency JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching Journal of English Language and Education Dharmas Education Journal (DE_Journal) Edu Cendikia: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan Register : Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning of FBS UNIMED LINGUISTIK TERAPAN Journal of Classrom Action Research Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan dan Sosial LingPoet: Journal of Linguistics and Literary Research International Journal of Educational Research Excellence (IJERE) Excellence Transform : Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning Genre Journal: Journal of Applied Linguistics of FBS UNIMED Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Studies in English Language and Education
Berlin Sibarani
Universitas Negeri Medan
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The Effect of the Frequency of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Use on the Critical Thinking Ability of Junior and Senior High School Students in Medan City Nadilla Fatimah Nasution; Berlin Sibarani
Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 9 (2026): Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jmi.v5i9.2918

Abstract

The development of generative artificial intelligence has transformed the way learners interact with information in educational contexts; however, its impact on critical thinking skills remains debated. This study aimed to analyze the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) use frequency on the critical thinking abilities of junior and senior high school students in Medan City. This study employed a quantitative approach with a correlation-regression survey design. The sample consisted of 50 students from 16 schools in Medan City who were selected using purposive sampling, comprising 25 junior high school students and 25 senior high school students with a balanced gender composition. The frequency of AI use was measured using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework developed by Davis (1989), consisting of six statements, while critical thinking ability was measured using Facione’s (1990) six dimensions through 18 statements on a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, linearity test, Pearson correlation test, and simple linear regression analysis. The results showed a positive and significant effect of AI use frequency on students’ critical thinking abilities (r = 0.888, p < .001, R² = 0.789), indicating that AI use frequency explained 78.9% of the variance in students’ critical thinking abilities. Among the six dimensions of critical thinking, the explanation dimension recorded the lowest mean score (3.07), indicating that students still experienced difficulties in reinterpreting information generated by AI using their own words. This study concluded that active and reflective AI use has the potential to support the development of critical thinking abilities among students at the secondary education level.
Co-Authors Afore Tahir Harefa Albert Efendi Pohan Allif Syahputra Bania Amaniarsih, Dwi Suci Amrin Saragih Anni Holila Pulungan Aprilza Aswani Ariatna asrul, nurmahyuni Br. Barus, Sri Andania Busmin Gurning Busri Busri Busri, Busri CITRA ANGGIA PUTRI D.P. Tampubolon, D.P. David Immanuel Berliando BB David Immanuel Berliando Butar butar Dewi Sinaga Didik Santoso Dwi Suci Amaniarsih Eka Kesumaningrum, Eka Eka Yusniar Simatupang Eko Widoyo Putro Erlita, Yeni Erwin Ashari, Erwin Fadhl Mohammed Awadh Gharamah Fauziah Khairani Lubis, Fauziah Khairani Ginting, Immanuel Prasetya Hafiz Aziz, Muhammad I Wayan Dirgeyasa Ika Lestari, Ika Indah Pane, Isli Iriani Irene Monica Iskandar Syahputera Iskandar Syahputera, Iskandar Isli Iriani Indiah Pane, Isli Iriani Johannes Jefria Gultom Juli Rachmadani Hasibuan Kresna Ningsih Manik Laura Esterlita br Sinuhaji Leonita Maria Efipanias Manihuruk Lince Sihombing Lloyd B. Ranises M Meisuri Maria Crystina Napitupulu Marlin Helentina Napitupulu, Marlin Helentina Masitowarni Siregar Mellya Miranda Putri Muhammad Natsir Nadilla Fatimah Nasution Natalia Bernita Hutauruk Pandia, Betharia Sembiring Parwati Parwati Puspa Indah Ramadhani Putri Ramadhani, Putri Rahma Fadila Rahmad Husein Sarifah Siregar Sinaga, Dolli Sinaga, Dolli Rotua Siregar, Alfina Gustiany SITI Aisah Ginting Siti Aisah Ginting Siti Aisyah Ginting Sonya Sibagariang Sri Andania Br. Barus Sri Astuti Sri Minda Murni Sri Rebeka J. A. Parhusip Sri Wahyuni Hasibuan Sumarsih . . Suryani G Siregar Syamsul Bahri TIARNITA MARIA SARJANI SIREGAR Tiarnita Siregar Utami Dewi Uziana, Uziana Yasminar Amaerita Telaumbanua