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Adi Sutrisno
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Journal : BAHASTRA

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Mapping the phonological processes of 4, 5, and 6 years old children in PAUD Tasikmalaya Pratiwi, Anggia Suci; Wijana, I Dewa Putu; Sutrisno, Adi; Nurfitriani, Meiliana
BAHASTRA Vol. 45 No. 2 (2025): BAHASTRA
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26555/bs.v45i2.1518

Abstract

Phonological ability reflects the perceptual and cognitive mechanisms required for children to learn and produce speech. This study aims to map phonological processes in early childhood at PAUD institutions in Tasikmalaya. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected from 315 children aged 4–6 years (77 aged 4, 148 aged 5, and 90 aged 6) across five schools: RA Baiturrahman, TK Negeri Pembina, TK Cangkurileung Kartika IX-10, TK IT Ihya As-Sunah, and Joykids. Speech samples in Indonesian were obtained through recordings of both structured and conversational speech. Data validity was ensured through expert judgment, and analysis followed the stages of data reduction, display, and verification. Results show that assimilation was the most dominant phonological process for both vowels and consonants across all ages. For vowels, assimilation declined with age (9 cases at age 4, 7 at age 5, and 3 at age 6), while addition (4 → 2 → 2) and substitution (3 → 0 → 1) were less frequent. Consonant assimilation was more prevalent (62 → 71 → 27), with gliding substitution (13 → 5 → 0) and general substitution (4 → 2 → 0) steadily decreasing. Sound addition appeared only at age 6 (3 cases). These findings indicate that vowel mastery stabilizes earlier, while consonant mastery involves more complex developmental processes. The study provides baseline data for identifying phonological difficulties early and offers guidance for PAUD teachers to recognize ongoing phonological processes beyond age six as possible signs of language delay.
Co-Authors ., Margiyono Abdul Rahim Abdul Rahman Abidah, Amelia Nur Aditia Syaprillah, Aditia Afandi, Titah Afkarina, Fika Sofiah Agang, Mohammad Wahyu Agang, Wahyu Ahmad Zein, Yahya Aisyah, Rasyidah Nur Amtiran, Maya Romanti Anggia Suci Pratiwi Anindya, Widya Dara Aracelly, Aisya Arief Budiono Arif Rohman Arifulloh, Mohammad Astutik, Lidia Azmi, Nazril Bramasto Nugroho Dendi Nosya, Akhmad Dudung Darusman DWI SANTOSO Dwiyanto, Efri Egra, Saat Elida Novita Fakhrurroja, Hanif Faojiah, Rahma Septiany Farid, Mifta Faza Hannan, Faza Hannan Febrina, Ria Fikri Fikri Hakim, Amirul Hosnol Wafa Hosnol Wafa, Hosnol Husin Ali, Muhammad I Dewa Putu Wijana Ilyas Pratama, Nuriana Imansyah, Ananda Adil Indra Tjahyadi Islamia, Hikmatul Kanoko, Nanda Putra Karlina Denistia, Karlina Kartodihardjo, Hariadi Kusnadi, Erwan Lidyana, Novita Maftuha, Rofiah Ulil Maharani, Reriskha Mahbub, Moh. Tarojjil Mailawati Ma’ruf, Amir Meiliana Nurfitriani, Meiliana Mohammad Zamroni Mulyono, Sugeng Edy Ni Gusti Ayu Roselani Nurfahmi*, Ardia Pramesti Nuril Hidayati Pramulya, Rahmat Pratiwi, Anggia Suci Purinanda, Faza Hannan Puspitasari, Devi Ambarwati Rasyidah Nur Aisyah Rustianawati, Mutimmah Sakaria Sakaria Sayaza, Mas Davino Setyawan, Rakha Siti Sudartini Sri Andayani Sri Andayani Sugeng Edy Mulyono Suhandano Sujianto Sujianto Suyani, Ida Sugeng Thomas Joko Priyo Sembodo Titing, Deny Tjahjo Tri Hartono Tofan Dwi Hardjanto Wahyuni, Etty Wahyuni, Ety Wibisono Yudhi Kurniawan Yani Yani