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Microplastics Contamination in Breast Milk and Infant Milk Products in Indonesia Sincihu, Yudhiakuari; Susetio, Mercy Mezia; Tang, Michelle; Julian, Alvin; Sudewi, Ni Putu; Lestari, Kusuma Scorpia; Ningrum, Prehatin Trirahayu
Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan Vol. 23 No. 3 (2025): Gema Lingkungan Kesehatan
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36568/gelinkes.v23i3.288

Abstract

Microplastics contamination has been detected in milk consumed by infants, with estimates suggesting an intake of 106-113 microplastic particles per day. These particles may pose potential health risks. However, the microplastic contamination in breast milk and formula milk in Indonesia remain unclear. This study aims to address this gap. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Microplastic detection was carried out on four groups: fresh breast milk, breast milk stored in plastic bags, powdered formula milk, and liquid formula milk. Breast milk samples were collected from breastfeeding mothers at Puskesmas Mulyorejo, while formula milk was obtained from various market in Surabaya. The processed samples were filtered using filter paper, and the retained particles were examined. The number and shape of microplastic particles were identified using a binocular microscope, while the polymer characteristics were analyzed using micro-FTIR. The average number of microplastic particles was highest in powdered formula milk (15.34±4.74), followed by liquid formula milk (11.59±9.50), stored breast milk (6.07±5.46), and fresh breast milk (1.41±1.50). Microplastic contamination was not detected in 17 out of 46 breast milk samples. Fragmented microplastic particle shapes dominated all samples. Nylon and Polymethyl Methacrylate were the most common plastic polymers in breast milk, while Polyoxymethylene, Polyvinyl Chloride, and Polymethylpentene were prevalent in formula milk. In conclusion, microplastic contamination in breast milk was minimal compared to formula milk, making breast milk the best feeding option for infants.
Co-Authors Abul Haris Suryo Negoro Akbar, Kurnia Adriansyah Akbar, Kurnia Ardiansyah Alif Resti Billah Ana Islamiyah Syamila Andrei Ramani Anita Dewi Moelyaningrum Balgis Putri Salindra Baroya, Ni’mal Christyana Sandra Denah Setya Imansari Dewi, Dewa Ayu Liona Didin Erma Indahyani Dieka armanda kurniasari Disny Prajnawita Ellyke Evi Dwi Atika Sari Fani Febri Anggoro Fitria Nur Azizah Fitria Nur Azizah Globila Nurika Isa Marufi Isa Ma’rufi Julian, Alvin Khoiron Khoiron Kurnia Nurcahya Kusnadi Kusuma Scorpia Lestari, Kusuma Scorpia Lailatul Qadriyah Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Morina, Shella Mulyasari, Tri Marthy Ni Putu Sudewi, Ni Putu Ni'mal Baroya Nita Nurinda Khalista Ni’mal Baroya Nurus Samsiyah Pridyanti, Dini Dwi Qadriyah, Lailatul Ragil Ismi Hartanti Rahayu Sri Pujiati Reny Indrayani Rizka Ayu Kartika Romdhonia, Nur Firdausa Sincihu, Yudhiakuari Siti Nur Halisa Slodia, Maudy Risma Steven SULISTIYANI SULISTIYANI Susetio, Mercy Mezia Tang, Michelle Tri Herawati, Yennike Violita Pita Nugraheni Wahyu Afiatul Qudsiyah Yanuar Nurdiansyah, Yanuar Yennike Tri Herawati Yuli Rukmi Hasanah Yunus Ariyanto Zarkasi, Kharta Zilfani Fuadiyah Haq