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All Journal PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Biomedika Pharmacon Majalah Obat Tradisional Abdimas Galuh: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan BEMAS: Jurnal Bermasyarakat Indonesian Community Journal Abdi Geomedisains Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Medika Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Usadha Journal of Pharmacy Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Rima Munawaroh
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Revisiting Laportea: Quercetin as A Key Bioactive for Natural Diabetes Therapy Muhammad Nurul Fadel; Arifah Sri Wahyuni; Rima Munawaroh
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i3.1354

Abstract

Insulin injections and oral hypoglycemic drugs are the main therapies available for the treatment of diabetes. However, side effects and dependence make many sufferers not continue treatment. The development of plant-based antidiabetic alternatives continues, one of which is the genus Laportea, which contains flavonoids and derivative compounds, such as quercetin, that are able to control blood sugar.  The purpose of this literature review is to provide evidence-based information on the potential content of quercetin in Laportea. This literature review was created by searching databases such as: Pubmed, Elsevier, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Searches on Elsevier and google Scholar were conducted using the following keywords: "quercetin AND Laportea decumana", "quercetin AND Laportea aestuans", "quercetin AND Laportea bulbifera" "Flavanoid AND quercetin AND Laportea". "quercetin AND antidiabetic". Meanwhile, the keywords to search for articles on pubmed are done by writing quercetin AND Laportea [MeSH]", "Flavanoid AND quercetin AND Laportea [MeSH]". "quercetin AND antidiabetic [MeSH]". The search was conducted on articles published in 2010-2025. The search was conducted on articles published in 2015-2025. Articles are selected and reviewed according to the theme and research questions by all researchers. Quercetin provides superior hypoglycemic effects and insulin sensitization activity by promoting pancreatic cell-β proliferation and by increasing glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. previous studied reported that the administration of 20 mmol· L-1 QE to pancreatic β cells INS-1 increases insulin secretion induced by glucose and gliclazide and protects β cells against oxidative damage. The results of this review literature have explained that the benefits of the laportea plant to overcome diabetes are the content  of Quercetin which can provide a superior hypoglycemic effect.
In Silico Evaluation of Cinnamaldehyde and Its Analogues as Potential Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Antidiabetic Therapy Ahwan Ahwan; Muhtadi Muhtadi; Rima Munawaroh
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.622

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can impact the health and well-being of patients in the long term. According to the International Diabetes Federation (2025), DM sufferers in Indonesia numbered 20.4 million in 2024. This figure is expected to increase to 28.6 million in 2050, DM treatment by inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase receptor. Cinnamaldehyde compounds have antidiabetic activity. This in silico study aims to determine the potential of cinnamaldehyde compounds and their analogs against alpha-glucosidase receptors as antidiabetics. Data on cinnamaldehyde compounds and their analogs were collected through the PubChem database and the alpha-glucosidase structure from the PDB database with the code 3TOP. This study evaluated cinnamaldehyde and its six analogs using molecular docking simulations on alpha-glucosidase receptors with tools such as PyRx 0.8, AutoDockTools-1.5.6, and Biovia Discovery Studio 2024, as well as pharmacokinetic and toxicity predictions using the pkCSM web tools and Lipinski's Rule of Five. The Lipinski's Rule of Five prediction results indicate that acarbose does not meet Lipinski's criteria. In contrast, cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives meet these criteria. Docking analysis shows that acarbose (7.1 kcal/mol) has the highest binding affinity for α-glucosidase, but cinnamaldehyde and its analogs (6.0–6.4 kcal/mol) still exhibit strong interactions at the enzyme's active residues. The ADMET profile supports the potential of cinnamaldehyde as an antidiabetic candidate with a broader systemic action range and a better pharmacokinetic profile than acarbose.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol dan Dekokta Daun Jambu Kristal (Psidium guajava L. Cultivar Kristal) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Shigella sonnei Agviolisa Kusuma Wardhani; Rima Munawaroh
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1253

Abstract

Crystal guava leaves (Psidium guajava L. Cultivar Kristal) are plants that have potential as antibacterial agents against bacteria that cause diarrhea because they belong to the Psidium guajava L. species, which is widely reported to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity of crystal guava leaves and the group of compounds that act as antibacterial agents. The study design was experimental, using ethanol extracts and decoctions of crystal guava leaves made at concentrations of 40% w/v, 20% w/v, 10% w/v, and 5% w/v and tested on bacteria that cause diarrhea, namely Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei, using the well diffusion method. Then, TLC-Bioautography was performed to detect the compound components. Statistical data analysis using SPSS began with normality, homogeneity, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. The results showed that the 40% w/v concentration had the largest inhibition zone in both extracts. The compounds contained in the ethanol extract and crystal guava leaf decoction were flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Meanwhile, the specific compound that acts as an antibacterial agent in ethanol extracts and crystal guava leaf decoction is the flavonoid group, specifically quercetin. The Kruskal-Wallis test with a p-value of 0,001 < 0,005 showed that there was a significant difference between concentrations. Further analysis using the Mann-Whitney test showed that the 40% concentration group was significantly different from the 5% concentration group.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Dan Dekokta Daun Jambu Kristal (Psidium guajava L. Cultivar Kristal) Terhadap Bakteri Bacillus cereus dan Staphylococcus aureus Sheila Nur Izzati; Rima Munawaroh
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1254

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is often caused by bacterial infections, including Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The irrational use of antibiotics can lead to antimicrobial resistance, highlighting the need for alternative therapies derived from natural products. Crystal guava leaves (Psidium guajava L. cultivar Kristal) are known to contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties; however, the effectiveness of their ethanolic extract and decoction has not been widely reported. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and decoction of crystal guava leaves against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as to identify the major classes of compounds responsible for the observed activity. Methods: Extraction was carried out using maceration with 96% ethanol and decoction with water. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40%. Identification of active compounds was performed through Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and TLC-bioautography analyses. Results: Both the ethanolic extract and the decoction exhibited antibacterial activity that increased with rising concentrations. The highest inhibition zones were observed at a concentration of 40%. The ethanolic extract demonstrated stronger antibacterial activity than the decoction, with the highest effectiveness against S. aureus. Bioautography analysis revealed that flavonoid compounds, strongly suspected to be quercetin derivatives, were the primary contributors to the antibacterial activity. Conclusion: Crystal guava leaf extract, particularly the ethanolic extract, shows significant antibacterial activity against B. cereus and S. aureus, with flavonoids identified as the key active compounds. These findings support the potential of crystal guava leaves as a natural source of antibacterial agents.
Aktivitas Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dan Kloramfenikol Terhadap Salmonella typhi Shafira Arifah Maharani; Rima Munawaroh
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1299

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, remains a significant health burden. Chloramphenicol is a first-line antibiotic for its treatment; however, increasing bacterial resistance necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. Combining antibiotics with natural compounds is a potential approach to overcome resistance and reduce antibiotic doses. Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) have been reported to contain bioactive compounds with antibacterial properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro interaction between ethanolic extract of kersen leaves and chloramphenicol against Salmonella typhi using the checkerboard assay method. Methods: The ethanolic extract was obtained through maceration. Phytochemical constituents were analyzed qualitatively using tube tests and Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) with silica gel GF254 as the stationary phase and a chloroform:methanol (8:2 v/v) mobile phase. The antibacterial activity, expressed as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), was determined for both the single extract and chloramphenicol using the microdilution method with resazurin indicator. The interaction between the two agents was assessed using the checkerboard assay, and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was calculated. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed that the ethanolic extract of kersen leaves contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The MIC value of chloramphenicol alone was 19.5 µg/mL, while the extract alone showed an MIC of >1000 µg/mL against S. typhi. The checkerboard assay results indicated an increase in the MIC of chloramphenicol in combination with the extract; however, the FICI value could not be definitively determined due to the inability to establish the extract's MIC in the combination. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of kersen leaves contains various secondary metabolite groups. While chloramphenicol exhibited antibacterial activity, the extract alone did not show inhibitory activity at the tested concentrations. The combination test suggested a potential alteration in the effectiveness of chloramphenicol, but the interaction type (synergistic, additive, indifferent, or antagonistic) could not be conclusively classified. Further investigation using fractionated or isolated compounds from the leaves is recommended.
Co-Authors Agviolisa Kusuma Wardhani Ahwan Ahwan Amalia, Shafira Nurul Amanda Wahyu Kurniawan Ambar Yunita Nugraheni Ana Mardiyaningsih Ana Mardiyaningsih Anindya, Talitha Ahnaf Anjati, Yasinta Widia Arifah Sri Wahyuni Asti Arum Sari Audi Tahta Aurellia Azka Tarisa Atmaja Azzahra, Shafanisa Alivia Balqis, Moetia Rahman Berlian Utari Brainandiva Ade Fitria Cahya Rahma Utami Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Dedi Hanwar Devi Usdiana Rosyidah Ekayanti, Septi Rismala Em Sutrisna Endang Nur Widiyaningsih Endang Setyaningsih Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning Erna Prawita Setyowati Fauziah, Isnaeni Nur Febriani, Rizkina Elistya Firdaus, Farhand Ahmad Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa Harindasari, Amorita Azzah Hartanto, Nadhifah Riski Hazimah, Jihan Naufa Heppy Purbasari Husna, Az zahra Miftahul Ika Trisharyanti Dian Kusumowati Isnaniyah, Dhevi Zahra Latifatul Kharisma, Annisa Nur Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa Kumalaningtyas, Martdwitanti Ajeng Kurniawati, Pipit Melyana Larasati, Arindra Listiana Masyita Dewi Luluk Ria Rakhma Maharani, Annisa Rizki Maureen, Raden Roro Nadya Muammar Fawwaz Muhammad Ikhsan Al Af Ghani Muhammad Marcelliano Rifky Aditomo Putra Muhammad Nurul Fadel Muhtadi Muhtadi N Nurhayani Nur ‘Azah Peni Indrayudha Purwono , Bambang Rahayu, Triasuti Rahmawati, Dita Ramdani, Tasya Eka Refsya Azanti Putri Retno Murwanti Rizkina Elistya Febriani Sania Nayasari Khoirunnisa Santi, Tika Melandya Sari , Banuwati Kartika Setyo Nurwaini Shafanisa Alivia Azzahra Shafira Arifah Maharani Sheila Nur Izzati Siswadi Siswadi Suprapto Suprapto . Suprapto . Tanti Azizah Sujono Tri Oktarina Triana Hertiani Trio Ageng Prayitno Utari, Berlian Wahyu Utami Yasir Sidiq Yuka Aulia Rahma Zakky Cholisoh Zulperi, Dzarifah