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All Journal PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL Biomedika Pharmacon Majalah Obat Tradisional Abdimas Galuh: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan BEMAS: Jurnal Bermasyarakat Indonesian Community Journal Abdi Geomedisains Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Medika Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences. Usadha Journal of Pharmacy Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan
Rima Munawaroh
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Development of primers amplifying DNA barcoding genes matK and rbcL of Legundi (Vitex trifolia) Hartanto, Nadhifah Riski; Sari , Banuwati Kartika; Rahayu, Triasuti; Munawaroh , Rima; Fawwaz , Muammar; Purwono , Bambang; Zulperi, Dzarifah; Prayitno, Trio Ageng; Sidiq, Yasir
Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan Vol. 10 No. 02 (2025): Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan
Publisher : Biology Education Department, Universitas Insan Budi Utomo, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33503/ebio.v10i02.1497

Abstract

Legundi (Vitex trifolia) is one of the crucial ethno-pharmacological plants. However, the genetic exploration of these plants in Indonesia remains limited. Moreover, a set of primers can be an initial important step to explore the genetics of V. trifolia as well as to molecularly identify the species of Legundi. This study aimed to develop the two pairs of primers of maturase-K (matK) and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (rbcL) genes. This type of research is exploratory research using a quantitative approach. The research sampling are the leaves of the V. trifolia species, which were collected from Makassar, Indonesia, and the purposive sampling method. The data were obtained through DNA barcoding, and the data were analyzed using bioinformatics analysis. This study found two pairs of developed primers, matK and rbcL, successfully amplified both matK and rbcL target genes of V. trifolia. The newly developed species-specific primers successfully amplified the matK and rbcL genes of V. trifolia, and sequence analysis revealed high similarity values in BLAST and BOLD databases ranging from 99.2 to 100%, with PCR amplification of the matK marker showing particularly high DNA concentration and specificity for species-level identification. This study supports the genetic exploration and identification of useful ethno-pharmacy plants, V. trifolia. The conclusion of the study shows that two primer pairs of maturase-K (matK) and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (rbcL) genes have been developed from V. trifolia plants. This study supports the genetic exploration and identification of ethnopharmaceutical plants of V. trifolia and the role of bioinformatics tools in molecular studies of medicinal plants.
In Silico Evaluation of Cinnamaldehyde and Its Analogues as Potential Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors for Antidiabetic Therapy Ahwan, Ahwan; Muhtadi, Muhtadi; Munawaroh, Rima
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.622

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that can impact the health and well-being of patients in the long term. According to the International Diabetes Federation (2025), DM sufferers in Indonesia numbered 20.4 million in 2024. This figure is expected to increase to 28.6 million in 2050, DM treatment by inhibiting the alpha-glucosidase receptor. Cinnamaldehyde compounds have antidiabetic activity. This in silico study aims to determine the potential of cinnamaldehyde compounds and their analogs against alpha-glucosidase receptors as antidiabetics. Data on cinnamaldehyde compounds and their analogs were collected through the PubChem database and the alpha-glucosidase structure from the PDB database with the code 3TOP. This study evaluated cinnamaldehyde and its six analogs using molecular docking simulations on alpha-glucosidase receptors with tools such as PyRx 0.8, AutoDockTools-1.5.6, and Biovia Discovery Studio 2024, as well as pharmacokinetic and toxicity predictions using the pkCSM web tools and Lipinski's Rule of Five. The Lipinski's Rule of Five prediction results indicate that acarbose does not meet Lipinski's criteria. In contrast, cinnamaldehyde and its derivatives meet these criteria. Docking analysis shows that acarbose (7.1 kcal/mol) has the highest binding affinity for α-glucosidase, but cinnamaldehyde and its analogs (6.0–6.4 kcal/mol) still exhibit strong interactions at the enzyme's active residues. The ADMET profile supports the potential of cinnamaldehyde as an antidiabetic candidate with a broader systemic action range and a better pharmacokinetic profile than acarbose.
Aktivitas Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dan Kloramfenikol Terhadap Salmonella typhi Maharani, Shafira Arifah; Munawaroh, Rima
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 9 Nomor 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i1.1299

Abstract

Background: Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi, remains a significant health burden. Chloramphenicol is a first-line antibiotic for its treatment; however, increasing bacterial resistance necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies. Combining antibiotics with natural compounds is a potential approach to overcome resistance and reduce antibiotic doses. Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) have been reported to contain bioactive compounds with antibacterial properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro interaction between ethanolic extract of kersen leaves and chloramphenicol against Salmonella typhi using the checkerboard assay method. Methods: The ethanolic extract was obtained through maceration. Phytochemical constituents were analyzed qualitatively using tube tests and Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) with silica gel GF254 as the stationary phase and a chloroform:methanol (8:2 v/v) mobile phase. The antibacterial activity, expressed as Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), was determined for both the single extract and chloramphenicol using the microdilution method with resazurin indicator. The interaction between the two agents was assessed using the checkerboard assay, and the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) was calculated. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed that the ethanolic extract of kersen leaves contained alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The MIC value of chloramphenicol alone was 19.5 µg/mL, while the extract alone showed an MIC of >1000 µg/mL against S. typhi. The checkerboard assay results indicated an increase in the MIC of chloramphenicol in combination with the extract; however, the FICI value could not be definitively determined due to the inability to establish the extract's MIC in the combination. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of kersen leaves contains various secondary metabolite groups. While chloramphenicol exhibited antibacterial activity, the extract alone did not show inhibitory activity at the tested concentrations. The combination test suggested a potential alteration in the effectiveness of chloramphenicol, but the interaction type (synergistic, additive, indifferent, or antagonistic) could not be conclusively classified. Further investigation using fractionated or isolated compounds from the leaves is recommended.
Co-Authors Ahwan Ahwan, Ahwan Amalia, Shafira Nurul Amanda Wahyu Kurniawan Ambar Yunita Nugraheni Ana Mardiyaningsih Ana Mardiyaningsih Anindya, Talitha Ahnaf Anjati, Yasinta Widia Arifah Sri Wahyuni Asti Arum Sari Audi Tahta Aurellia Azzahra, Shafanisa Alivia Balqis, Moetia Rahman Berlian Utari Brainandiva Ade Fitria Cahya Rahma Utami Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Dedi Hanwar Ekayanti, Septi Rismala Em Sutrisna Endang Nur Widiyaningsih Endang Setyaningsih Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning Erna Prawita Setyowati Fauziah, Isnaeni Nur Febriani, Rizkina Elistya Firdaus, Farhand Ahmad Flora Ramona Sigit Prakoeswa Harindasari, Amorita Azzah Hartanto, Nadhifah Riski Hazimah, Jihan Naufa Heppy Purbasari Husna, Az zahra Miftahul Ika Trisharyanti Dian Kusumowati Isnaniyah, Dhevi Zahra Latifatul Izzati, Sheila Nur Kharisma, Annisa Nur Khoirunnisa Khoirunnisa Kumalaningtyas, Martdwitanti Ajeng Kurniawati, Pipit Melyana Larasati, Arindra Luluk Ria Rakhma Maharani, Annisa Rizki Maharani, Shafira Arifah Maureen, Raden Roro Nadya Muammar Fawwaz Muhammad Ikhsan Al Af Ghani Muhtadi Muhtadi Nur ‘Azah Peni Indrayudha Purwono , Bambang Rahayu, Triasuti Rahmawati, Dita Ramdani, Tasya Eka Refsya Azanti Putri Retno Murwanti Rizkina Elistya Febriani Sania Nayasari Khoirunnisa Santi, Tika Melandya Sari , Banuwati Kartika Setyo Nurwaini Shafanisa Alivia Azzahra Siswadi Siswadi Suprapto Suprapto . Suprapto . Tanti Azizah Sujono Tri Oktarina Triana Hertiani Trio Ageng Prayitno Utari, Berlian Wahyu Utami Wardhani, Agviolisa Kusuma Yasir Sidiq Yuka Aulia Rahma Zakky Cholisoh Zulperi, Dzarifah