Articles
<![CDATA[Pengolahan Slurry Sampah melalui Microbial Fuel Cells di Pasar Giwangan Yogyakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Ilham Mufandi]]>;
<![CDATA[Isti Nur Azizah]]>;
<![CDATA[Arpan Efendi]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 1 (2018): Juni 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i1.11868
<![CDATA[The vegetable waste is one of the biomass types that it can produce electrical energy. This article focused on electrical production of vegetable waste using microbial fuel cells (MFCS) MFCs is the primary type of the bioelectrochemical system (BECs) that to replaces the biomass to electrical energy spontaneously by activity metabolism of the microorganism. The objectives of this work were to investigate the process of electrical production from Chinese cabbage and the combination of the materials to produce the electrical energy. The experiment was carried out in a laboratory-sall such as mini reactor MFCs, Chinese cabbage as the material of vegetable waste and EM4 as the fermentation. Sample combination was consist of two parts that the first part was used 1 kg Chinese cabbage, 2 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The second part was used 2 kg Chinese cabbage, 1 liter water and 20 ml EM4. The result showed that the electrical voltage in part 1 at 0.362 V and pH at 6 was lower than the electrical voltage in part 2 at 0.724 V and pH at 7. Declining electric energy is influenced by pH as microorganisms living place and the formation process of attached media at the electrode.]]>
<![CDATA[Pyrolysis of Used Tires Using Spent Catalyst of Crude Oil Cracking Process from Pertamina RU III ]]>
<![CDATA[kiagus ahmad roni]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Roy Tri Handono]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.15715
<![CDATA[The additional waste of used tires increases every year in direct proportion to the growth of motorized vehicles. Problems caused by used tire waste will also increase if there is no right solution to reduce waste. Catalytic pyrolysis is one way to change used tires into another form that has the benefit of liquid fuel. Polystyrene contained in used tires is a synthetic polymer that can be converted into liquid fuel by pyrolysis method. PT Pertamina RU III Palembang's former petroleum cracking catalyst can still be reused as a catalyst in the pyrolysis of used tires to improve the process by reducing cracking temperature and cracking time to obtain maximum liquid fuel. The process is carried out using 500 grams of used tire rubber with catalysts of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the weight of used tire rubber with a heating time of 120 minutes and 180 minutes. Based on the results of the study, the highest volume of liquid fuel was produced from the addition of an 80% catalyst from the weight of the used tire rubber with a pyrolysis time of 180 minutes, 71 ml. The liquid fuel obtained is then analyzed using Gas Chromatography. From this analysis, the results obtained from the pyrolysis of used tire rubber using a catalyst used by PT Pertamina RU III Palembang used oil is approaching premium fuel. So it can be concluded that used rubber tires containing polystyrene can be processed into liquid fuels.]]>
<![CDATA[Dyeing process optimization of chitosan modified cotton dyed with Bixa orellana and Caesalpinia sappan ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachma Tia Evitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 8, No 2 (2021): December 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v8i2.21967
<![CDATA[Indonesia is rich in flora diversity, very potential for the development of natural dyes. The advantage of dyeing fabrics with natural dyes is that they contain antioxidants and environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study was to optimize the dyeing process on chitosan-modified fabrics with variations in temperature and solution ratio. The dyes used were kesumba keling seeds (Bixa Orellana) and sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan). The analysis carried out is the analysis of the value of color differences (DE), calculated to determine changes in color intensity. The dyed fabrics were tested for fastness to light, heat, and washing. The best value of DE was obtained at a temperature variation of 70 oC and a ratio of fabric weight to volume of solution 1:75 for both dyes from kesumba keling seeds and sappan wood with each DE value of 6.22 and 11.84. Supported by the test results of fastness to sunlight and iron heat which gives good results.]]>
<![CDATA[Uji Aktivitas Adsoben Karbon Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Termodifikasi dengan Active Site Fe2O3 ]]>
<![CDATA[Shinta Amelia]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i2.12185
<![CDATA[The use of dyes in the textile industry has a negative impact, namely water pollution if the waste is discharged directly into the river or not treated properly. Liquid waste from the textile industry generally still contains dyes that are harmful to living things and the environment. In this study the dye adsorption method was used by using modified activated carbon from the coconut shell with the addition of the active site Fe2O3. Characterization and activity testing of iron / porous oxide activated carbon adsorbent will be carried out. The type of porous activated carbon used is coconut shell carbon with micropore characters. The stages of this study consisted of the impregnation process of iron oxide on porous carbon, the methylene blue adsorption process and the characterization of the resulting adsorbent. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the adsorption of Fe2O3 / coconut shell activated carbon is very effectively applied for the absorption of dye wastewater. The adsorption capacity of methylene blue increased with increasing concentrations of loading of active sites of Fe and the percentage of adsorption capacity in the 180 minute reaction was 89.8% with the loading of iron oxide / coconut shell adsorbent 2%. In addition, from the results of the adsorbent activity test with variations in the mass addition of the adsorbent it can be concluded that the mass increase of the adsorbent significantly affected the yield of blue methylene adsorption.]]>
<![CDATA[Coal Fly Ash Characterization from Cement Industry “X†as an Initial Study in Its Utilization ]]>
<![CDATA[Farrah Fadhillah Hanum]]>;
<![CDATA[Aster Rahayu]]>;
<![CDATA[Ulung Muhammad Sutopo]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 7, No 1 (2020): Juni 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v7i1.16715
<![CDATA[The discharge of fly ash from the coal combustion process has become a matter of concern over the last few decades. Most of the fly ash will be disposed of in the landfill. This disposal gives a negative impact on the environment through the heavy metal contained in fly ash. Coal fly ash characterization is needed to be done to get proper information about coal fly ash before it could be utilized. In this research, coal fly ash characterization from one of cement industry in Indonesia has been done by a qualitative and quantitative method. This research carried out some instrumentation such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) and SEM – Electron Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to analyze the coal fly ash sample. The result showed that the main component in this coal ash sample is SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and MgO. This information will be used as an initial study in coal fly ashes utilization research in the next research.]]>
<![CDATA[Biodegradable Plastic from Cassava and Organic Acid as a Synthetic Plastic Replacement ]]>
<![CDATA[Aji Ridho Pangestu]]>;
<![CDATA[Raifa Tryas Shara]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 6, No 1 (2019): Juni 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v6i1.13721
<![CDATA[Currently plastic has been widely used for various purposes of packaging food and beverages. The use of synthetic plastic is increasingly then become a waste that cannot be degraded and pollute the environment. In Southeast Asia generates 379.198 million tons of plastic waste per year, meanwhile, Indonesia became the first contributor to the largest plastic waste producer which is 187.2 million tons per year. Biodegradable plastic can be an alternative the eco-friendly and easily degraded packaging materials as one way to replaced synthetic plastic. Cassava flour could utilized to make biodegradable plastic with cassava starch content reach 81.6 %. The addition of sorbitol plasticizer is as a giver of elastic properties to the material and chitosan as an amplifier and antimicrobial. The variation of weight ratio in gram that used is organic acids 50(1), 60(2), and 70(3). The variation of sorbitol are 3(A), 6(B), and 9(C). The variation of chitosan are 1(i), 3(ii), and 5(iii). The organic acids used are apple vinegar and rice vinegar with 2% acetic acid as a comparison. The research procedure begins with making cassava starch, making a film of biodegradable plastic, and sample testing. The film of biodegradable plastic has performed by tensile strength test analysis, elongation at break test, and biodegradable test. The results showed that the highest of percent biodegradable is on 2Ci with the results is 64.58%. The best of mechanical properties reached by using apple vinegar with the results of tensile strength is 105.98 kg/cm2 and elongation at break is 129.91%.]]>
<![CDATA[Simulasi Optimasi Reactive Distillation untuk Membuat Bioaditif (Triasetin) dari Gliserol dan Asam Asetat dengan Katalis Asam Sulfat Menggunakan Software Aspen Plus ]]>
<![CDATA[Chici Wardiani Prasongko]]>;
<![CDATA[Fitri Ramdani]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v5i2.13000
<![CDATA[Biodiesel is one product to avoid the energy crisis in the front mass. Oil from plants such as oil palm, coconut, jatropha, or used cooking oil produces glycerol as a by-product of about 10 wt% of biodiesel products. The excess amount of glycerol must be converted into high-value products. Because if glycerol is not processed properly, the price of glycerol in the market will drop and it will become a waste that can pollute the environment. One of the derivatives of glycerol which has a high value is triacetin which is a good bio-additive as an anti-knock substance in vehicles. From this study, the synthesis of triacetin is from glycerol and acetic acid using sulfuric acid as a catalyst using the Reactive Distillation (RD) process. RD can be used as a reaction place and at the same time as a product refining place. RD can separate water with acetic acid as a distillate product for about 75% on the bottom product. The bottom product of RD will produce triacetin and other derivatives which will be separated again using the second column to obtain high purity triacetin. The purpose of this study is to simulate using Aspen Plus software to model the optimization of RD with a continuous system. The feed capacity of 96% glycerol was 4336.4550 kg/hour and 98% acetate acid was 8659.79 kg/hour in the liquid phase with the help of a sulfuric acid catalyst of 115.4592 kg/hour. The feed enters continuously into RD with a temperature of 115 °C and a pressure of 1 atm. The simulation results show that triacetin products can reach 99% as many as 10150.8561 kg/hour with glycerol conversion of 99.8% and 30 stages in RD. Besides that, the simulation results can also show the flow rate of each stage and the dimensions of RD.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT SENDANGTIRTO DALAM PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK MELALUI KEGIATAN KKN PPM ]]>
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Bambang Robi'in]]>;
<![CDATA[Fiftin Noviyanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Panrita Abdi - April 2021 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LP2M Universitas Hasanuddin ]]>
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DOI: 10.20956/pa.v5i2.7835
<![CDATA[Abstract. Livestock is one of the sizable sources of livelihood in Indonesia which reaches 13.45% of the National Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Sendangtirto is one of the villages in the Sleman district of Yogyakarta with the majority of people having businesses in agriculture and animal husbandry, especially cattle and fisheries. In the village of Sendangtirto there are 13 groups of farmers. The problem faced by the Sendangtirto community is the processing of livestock waste that is not yet optimal for making organic fertilizer. The method used in this PPM KKN activities is counseling about organic fertilizer, the practice of making organic fertilizer from livestock manure, and followed by training in making organic fertilizer product packaging. The purpose of this activity is to provide understanding and skills to the community in managing livestock manure into organic fertilizer. The result of this activity is an increase in understanding and skills of the community in managing livestock manure into organic fertilizer. Increased public understanding of organic fertilizer to 95.65%, increased community skills in making organic fertilizer to 91.30%, and increased community ability to make organic fertilizer product packaging to 86.95%. Abstrak. Peternakan merupakan salah satu sumber mata pencaharian yang cukup besar di Indonesia yang mencapai 13,45% dari Pendapatan Domestik Bruto (PDB) Nasional. Sendangtirto merupakan salah satu desa di kabupaten Sleman Yogyakarta dengan mayoritas masyarakat memiliki usaha di bidang pertanian dan peternakan, khususnya peternakan sapi dan perikanan. Di desa Sendangtirto ini terdapat kelompok peternak yang berjumlah 13 kelompok. Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat sendangtirto adalah pengolahan limbah ternak yang belum optimal untuk membuat pupuk organik. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kagiatan KKN PPM ini adalah penyuluhan tentang pupuk organik, praktek pembuatan pupuk organik dari kotoran ternak, dan dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan pembuatan kemasan produk pupuk organik. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pemahaman dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat dalam mengelola kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk organik. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengelola kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk organik. Peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pupuk organik menjadi 95,65%, peningkatan keterampilan masyarakat dalam membuat pupuk organik menjadi 91,30 %, dan peningkatan kemampuan masyarakat dalam membuat kemasan produk pupuk organik menjadi 86,95%.]]>
<![CDATA[Konsumsi Air Minum Dalam Kemasan (AMDK) Pada Mahasiswa ]]>
<![CDATA[Dyah Suryani]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Asep Rustiawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Afiasi : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Afiasi ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Wiralodra ]]>
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DOI: 10.31943/afiasi.v4i2.55
<![CDATA[The high consumption of bottled water contributes to environmental problems, including water waste and pollution. Environmental problems caused by plastic bottles, waste of drinking water because they are not drunk, soil pollution due to the presence of the water that cannot be decomposed. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with consumption of Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) in students in terms of practical, health and the environment. This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach by conducting an online survey of students from a private university in the city of Yogyakarta to explore the factors associated with the consumption of bottled drinking water. Respondents (N = 156) taken randomly. The results of the study stated that students chose bottled water from the practical side not influenced by gender, study programs, the number of semesters taken, and the amount of pocket money. Consumption of bottled water for health reasons is influenced by the origin of the study program (p-value 0.041) and the number of semesters taken (p-value 0.002). The consumption of bottled water for environmental reasons is influenced by the number of semesters that have been taken (p-value 0.015) and the status of residence in Yogyakarta (p-value 0.035).]]>
<![CDATA[Development of Learning Materials on Fiqh of Alcohol and Khamr in Islamic and Science Perspective ]]>
<![CDATA[Rafika Dwi Rahmah MZ]]>;
<![CDATA[Suyadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Science and Society Vol 2 No 4 (2020): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[GoAcademica Research & Publishing ]]>
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DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v2i4.222
<![CDATA[The law of alcohol and khamr are often equated in Islamic fiqh, even though they are both different in terms of substance and character. The purpose of this study was to test the scientific experimental approach between alcohol and khamr in Islamic religious education learning at the Junior High School 6 PGRI Denpasar, Bali. This experiment will have implications for changing students' perspectives on alcohol which has two fiqh laws, while khamr is certainly haram even though the substance contained in khamr is not alcohol. This study used an experiment with a comparison between the science experimental method class and the control class using the lecture method. The results of the validation of media experts, materials and teachers were 93% with perfect criteria. The pretest in the experimental class has a percentage of 72.5% and the experimental class is 68.5% in the control class. Postest in the experimental class percentage of 87.25% of great criteria, while in the control class the value was not much different from the presentation in the experimental class 73. The difference between postest in the experimental class and control class is 14.25%. Based on the results of the validation and pretest-posttest comparisons between classes, the experimental method is well applied to Islamic Religious Education learning.]]>
