Articles
<![CDATA[Alcohol and Khamr on Fiqh Using Science Experiment Videos in Schools Affected by COVID-19 ]]>
<![CDATA[Rafika Dwi Rahmah MZ]]>;
<![CDATA[Suyadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>
<![CDATA[ Procedia of Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 1 (2021): Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference On Intelectuals Global Responsibility ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo ]]>
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DOI: 10.21070/pssh.v1i.60
<![CDATA[Covid-19 has paralyzed Islamic and Natural Science Education in Indonesia. The impact of online learning is not optimal, teachers have difficulty explaining the material or practice making it more difficult for students to understand the material. The purpose of this study was to improve the students' understanding of grade 8 PGRI 6 Denpasar Junior High School on fiqh regarding alcohol and khamr with online learning. The media used is a science experiment video which will have implications for changing the way students perceive the use of alcohol and khamr. This study uses the Nonequivalent Control Group Design method with a comparison between the science experiment class and the control class using the traditional method. The results of the validation of experimental experts, 91.34% fiqh material with perfect criteria. Pretest in the experimental class percentage of 70% sufficient criteria from the experimental class and the control class get a presentation of 72.4% sufficient criteria. Posttest in the experimental class with a percentage of 87.4% good criteria while in the control class presentation 75%.Based on the results of the validation and pretest-posttest comparisons between classes, the experimental method is good for learning fiqh in Islamic education.]]>
<![CDATA[Purification of Raw Water from Pollutant using Coupling Membrane Filtration to UV Irradiation: Preliminary Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Dhias Cahya Hakika]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Shinta Amelia]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 9, No 3 (2022): December 2022 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v9i3.25212
<![CDATA[The low quality of groundwater, along with the increasing demand for drinking water for the community, encourages the need for water treatment technology to produce quality drinking water that is environmentally friendly. One promising method to be applied is membrane technology. In water treatment systems, membrane technology is often not used alone but combined with other methods to improve water quality more effectively. This study aims to apply several methods for the raw water treatment system to drinking water, including membrane filtration and UV irradiation. The removal of chemical pollutants was investigated and compared to the standard value from Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 Year 2010 for drinking water quality. This coupled treatment successfully improved the water quality. The concentration of chemical and biological pollutants such as total dissolved solids (TDS), Fe, Zn, Pb, and total Coliform were reduced by 58.53%; 43.48%; 88.89%; 66.67%.; and 86.15%, respectively. The results indicate that coupling microfiltration membrane to UV irradiation method can be an effective treatment to remove chemical pollutants and enhance the quality of raw water for drinking water preparation.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects oF Chitosan as Bio-Mordant on Cotton Fabric Dyeing with Various Natural Dyes ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachma Tia Evitasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Selva Mazareta]]>;
<![CDATA[Jiran Nirmalasari]]>
<![CDATA[ Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah Vol 40, No 1 (2023): DINAMIKA KERAJINAN DAN BATIK : MAJALAH ILMIAH ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri Kerajinan dan Batik ]]>
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DOI: 10.22322/dkb.v40i1.7991
<![CDATA[Natural dyes are alternatives to synthetic dyes as batik dyes. However, color results produced by natural dyes were not as good as synthetic dyes, hence mordant compounds were required. As a substitute for metal mordant, it was essential to have another alternative mordant, such as chitosan. This research was intended to analyze the color produced by various sources of natural dyes, betel nut; spurred mangrove (tingi) bark; baheda (jolawe) peel; mangrove bark; mahogany bark; and copperpod (jambal) bark, quantitatively by testing the value of color differences (ΔE) on variations of the chitosan concentration and fabric dyeing. In conclusion, the use of chitosan could enhance the absorption of dye into the fabric. In a chitosan concentration of 10 g/L, betel nut reached an ΔE value of 15.40; spurred mangrove 16.26; baheda peel 18.97; mangrove 10.87; mahogany 14.01; and copperpod 19.33. Furthermore, the test of fastness to sunlight with greyscale showed the value in range of 4-5 (good).]]>
<![CDATA[Production of Activated Carbon by Activation of Tamarind (Tamarindus Indica) Wood Charcoal ]]>
<![CDATA[Erna Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Shinta Amelia]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Imam Zulfi]]>;
<![CDATA[Firdaus Ramadhani]]>
<![CDATA[ CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 10, No 1 (2023): April 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/chemica.v10i1.25260
<![CDATA[Tamarind or Tamarindus indica is a plant originating from Asia and Africa. Tamarind wood has high cellulose that could be activated into activated carbon and modified to become a catalyst from its ingredient nature. This study aims to find optimum conditions for producing activated carbon from tamarind charcoal. Research on the activation of tamarind charcoal begins with reducing the size of charcoal. Then the charcoal was sieved to obtain 40, 60, and 60 mesh charcoal sizes. Furthermore, the charcoal was soaked in HCl (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 M) for 1 hour, after which it was filtered, and the pH of the charcoal was neutralized by washing using distilled water. The final step is to dry activated carbon in an oven at 105 ºC. Then, the performance of activated carbon is sought by using activated carbon to adsorb dyes in a dye solution. The concentration of the dye solution before and after being adsorbed with activated carbon was measured by UV-vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 560 nm. Adsorption effectiveness is measured. The greatest effectiveness value obtained was 82.31%. Optimum conditions for activating carbon from tamarind charcoal were obtained by activating 60 mesh of carbon using a hydrochloric acid solution of 4 M. The use of activated carbon at different concentrations of dye solutions produces the same optimum conditions. It is proven that activated carbon can be produced from tamarind charcoal. Tamarind charcoal can be used as an adsorbent material.]]>
<![CDATA[IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN DAN KEINGINAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN PERANCANGAN ALAT KONVERSI MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI ENERGI BIO DIESEL YANG PORTABEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Endah Utami]]>;
<![CDATA[Erna Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Zahrul Mufrodi]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Indra Gunawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Industri Inovatif : Jurnal Teknik Industri Vol 13 No 2 (2023): Inovatif Vol. 13 No. 2 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Prodi Teknik Industri S1 Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang ]]>
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DOI: 10.36040/industri.v13i2.6491
<![CDATA[Riset ini dilatarbelakangi bagaimana perancangan suatu alat yang telah dihasilkan di dalam suatu laboratorium dan telah mendapatkan Hak Paten dapat dikenal di pasar. Adapun alat yang dimaksud adalah suatu Alat yang mampu mengkonversi minyak jelantah menjadi energi biodiesel yang portable. Minyak jelantah merupakan limbah dari sebuah aktivitas proses pengorengan. Minyak ini dapat ditemukan dari limbah rumah tangga maupun limbah dalam sebuah usaha kuliner. Alat konversi tersebut dirancang khusus untuk para pelaku usaha kuliner, rumah tangga maupun bank sampah. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah mengetahui indikator apa yang menjadi keinginan dan kebutuhan pelanggan. Adapun respondennya adalah pelaku usaha kuliner dan bank sampah. Penentuan sampel dengan menggunakan Metode Heirs. Teknik Sampling menggunakan Purposive sampling. Metode yang digunakan dengan Voice Of Customer, Adapun matrix Importance Performance digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi bagi pihak pengembang tentang indikator yang menjadi prioritas kebutuhan dan keinginan konsumen. Berdasarkan 40 suara responden, ditemukan ada 12 tambahan indikator dari 5 indikator sebelumnya. Sehingga total sejumlah 17 indikator. Adapun indikator yang menjadi focus perhatian dari 92 responden diantaranya desain yang menarik, kemudahan dalam penggunaan, keamanan penggunaan, adanya guide book, harga di bawah Rp.4 juta, adanya indicator penunjuk suhu dan kecepatan pengadukan, adanya stiker peringatann” Jauhkan dari jangkauan anak anak serta kapasitas tabung diperbesar.]]>
<![CDATA[Teknologi Insinerasi Sebagai Solusi Pengolahan Sampah Perkotaan dan Pemulihan Energi: A Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Idris, M]]>;
<![CDATA[Setyawan, Martomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ Prosiding Semnastek PROSIDING SEMNASTEK 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta ]]>
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<![CDATA[Penanganan peningkatan volume sampah perkotaan yang signifikan menjadi isu kritis di banyak kota besar, terutama karena kurangnya penerapan sistem pengelolaan sampah yang baik. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa salah satu solusi teknologi yang dapat digunakan adalah melalui proses insinerasi, sebuah metode pengolahan sampah dengan pembakaran pada suhu 850°C sampai 1200°C. Saat ini, proses insinerasi masih jarang diterapkan di negara berkembang. Gambaran umum tentang proses ini dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya seperti suhu, komposisi sampah, laju alir udara, kadar air, waktu tinggal serta proses pencampuran bahan bakar dan udara memiliki peranan penting dalam meningkatkan efisiensi proses. Proses ini tidak hanya mengurangi volume sampah sampai 90% lebih, tetapi juga dapat menghasilkan energi panas yang dapat dikonversi menjadi energi listrik dan hasil samping pembakaran berupa abu dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi. Pemahaman mendalam ini diharapkan dapat membantu implementasi yang baik dari teknologi insinerasi dalam penanganan sampah di kota-kota besar, mengarah pada pengolahan sampah yang lebih efisien dan memulihkan energi yang dapat digunakan secara produktif.Kata kunci: efisiensi, energi, insinerasi, sampah.]]>
<![CDATA[Review: Effect of Material Characteristics, and Process Conditions in Reducing Gaseous Pollutants Using Fly Ash (FA)-Based Adsorbent ]]>
<![CDATA[Setya Wardhana, Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Hanum, Farrah Fadhillah]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamilatun, Siti]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Natural: Journal of Biology and Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 4 (2024): Sains Natural ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Nusa Bangsa ]]>
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DOI: 10.31938/jsn.v14i4.749
<![CDATA[The intensive use of fossil fuels has led to a significant increase in air pollution, which negatively affects human health and the environment. Fly ash (FA), a byproduct of coal combustion, has great potential as an adsorbent for hazardous gas pollutants due to its physical and chemical properties. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of fly ash as an adsorbent in reducing gas pollutants such as CO2, SO2, and NO2, as well as to examine the influence of temperature and material characteristics on adsorption capacity. The results indicate that the maximum adsorption capacity for each gas pollutant is achieved at different temperatures, fly ash demonstrating the highest performance at 150 °C for CO2 adsorption, achieving an efficiency of 94.7%. For SO2 and NO2, the optimum temperatures are 200 °C, with efficiencies of 72.17% and 100%, respectively. This study also emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate characteristics of the adsorbent material to enhance adsorption efficiency. This finding has the potential to support the development of more efficient and sustainable air pollution reduction technologies in the future, by utilizing industrial waste such as fly ash as an innovative solution.]]>
<![CDATA[The Utilization of Nickel Slag and Oyster Shell to Improve the Concrete Strength ]]>
<![CDATA[Selang, Sartika S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Maryudi, Maryudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Widyaningrum, Sri Rahayu]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/ijce.v2i2.1021
<![CDATA[The increasing mining industry activity will produce increasing industrial waste. Nickel slag is one of the wastes produced from the nickel refining process by-products that have not been optimally utilized. The chemical composition of nickel slag is mostly silica with a percentage of 47.93%. Silica can be used as a material for making concrete, where a high percentage of silica is expected to strengthen the concrete structure. This study was conducted to determine the effect of nickel slag on the compressive strength of concrete and the right composition in the concrete mixture. The research method used an experimental method with different nickel slag compositions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) with concrete compressive strength testing at the age of 28 days. The results of the concrete compressive strength test were that the higher the nickel slag content, the higher the compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete. The addition of shells with different variations (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) showed that the best results were with the addition of 10% shells with a compressive strength of 28.1 MPa. Meanwhile, the water absorption capacity with the lowest absorption power was obtained by adding 20% nickel slag, which was 8.95 %.]]>
<![CDATA[Mechanical Characteristics of Concrete with Addition of Nickel Slag Waste as Aggregates ]]>
<![CDATA[Pelupessy, Safriyati]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Suharto, Totok Eka]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Ahmad Dahlan ]]>
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DOI: 10.26555/ijce.v2i2.1102
<![CDATA[Ferronickel slag is a waste product of the nickel metal smelting industry. PT. Virtue Dragon Nickel Industry is a company located in Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi Province, which is the first ferronickel and stainless-steel industrial area in Indonesia. Since 2017 until now, the capacity of the ferronickel smelting industry in the company is 600,000 tons. From the ferronickel smelting process, slag waste of around 3 million tons has also been produced which has not been processed or utilized. Slag waste is feared to disrupt the environment if not managed or utilized properly. This study aims to study the utilization of nickel slag waste as a substitute for fine and coarse aggregate in concrete. This study compares the mechanical properties of concrete using nickel slag material with the use of natural materials in the form of gravel and sand taken from the Konaweha River. The study was started with the preparation of nickel slag in the size of coarse aggregate 10-20 mm, and fine aggregate that passes 20 mesh. Nickel slag was tested for its content or composition. Slag was mixed into a concrete mixture containing sand, gravel, cement with a certain composition. The slag content was added at 0, 10, 20 and 30%. The stirred mixture was then tested for slump with an Abrams cylinder with a lower diameter of 20 cm, an upper diameter of 10 cm and a height of 30 cm. The mixture was molded in the form of a cube measuring 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm for density testing and compressive strength testing after 28 days. The test results showed that the largest slag content was silica and iron. The addition of nickel slag provided a slump value that was still included in the type of mixture with good performance. The addition of nickel slag up to 30% increased the density and compressive strength of concrete. The density of concrete increased by 6.7-21.9%. The increase in concrete compressive strength ranges from 8.43 to 33.79%. The mixture with the addition of 20% fine slag has the highest compressive strength of 33.23 MPa.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengaruh Berbagai Metode Ekstraksi dan Jenis Pelarutnya pada Kandungan Fitokimia dalam Minyak Jagung : Literature Review ]]>
<![CDATA[Sofiana, Nurani]]>;
<![CDATA[Permadi, Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamilatun, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>
<![CDATA[ Muhammadiyah Journal of Nutrition and Food Science (MJNF) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Muhammadiyah Journal of Nutrition and Food Science (MJNF) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta ]]>
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<![CDATA[Salah satu minyak nabati yang paling terkenal di Indonesia dan banyak negara lainnya adalah minyak jagung. Minyak jagung telah lama dianggap sebagai pilihan utama di antara minyak nabati karena rasanya yang netral, stabilitasnya yang baik, dan manfaat kesehatannya. Dalam hal produksi tahunan, minyak jagung berada di urutan kesepuluh di antara semua minyak nabati dan menyumbang sekitar 2% dari total minyak nabati yang diproduksi di seluruh dunia. Minyak jagung didapatkan melalui proses ekstraksi bubuk biji jagung menggunakan teknik refluks dan sokhletasi dengan berbagai pelarut, termasuk n-heksana, etanol, dan etil asetat, untuk menghasilkan minyak jagung. Selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis kandungan fenolik dan karotenoid dalam minyak jagung. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstraksi dengan metode sokhletasi menggunakan pelarut etil asetat menghasilkan kandungan fenolik dan karotenoid tertinggi, yaitu mg/kg dan mg/g. Sementara itu, metode sokhletasi dengan pelarut N-heksana menghasilkan kandungan fenolik terendah dan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol menghasilkan kadar karotenoid terendah. Sehingga, metode sokhletasi dapat digunakan dalam industri produksi minyak jagung untuk menghasilkan minyak jagung dengan kadar fitokimia lebih tinggi.]]>
