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All Journal Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia Global Medical and Health Communication Public Health of Indonesia Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ARKESMAS [Arsip Kesehatan Masyarakat] Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Journal of Health Policy and Management Amerta Nutrition Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan JITEKGI Jurnal Ilmiah dan Teknologi Kedokteran Gigi PubHealth Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Jurnal Pengabdian Harapan Ibu (JPHI) Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Pendidikan Kesehatan Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Emma Rachmawati
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran
Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET STRUCTURE OF HOSPITAL INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA Rachmawati, Emma; Umniyatun, Yuyun; Kurniawan, Deni Wahyudi; Nurmansyah, Mochamad Iqbal; Pakkanna, Mukhaer; Nurjuman, Husnan; Budiarto, Slamet; Gohardi, Virgo Sulianto
Indonesian Journal of Health Administration (Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jaki.v12i1.2024.37-48

Abstract

Background: Over the past decade, private investments in health care including hospital have grown significantly, more than doubling. As the number of hospitals in Indonesia increases, a competitive business environment develops. Identifying hospital market structure can help various stakeholders to optimize the hospital's performance. Aims: This study analyzed the market structure and concentration of the hospital industry in Indonesia. Methods: This study used hospital characteristics data from Ministry of Health of Indonesia that retrieved in October 2020. Market concentration is determined by the number of industry players operating in a market, the distribution of services, and the types of services offered. The hospital market concentration was identified by measuring the Concentration Ratio (CR) and the Herfindahl–Hirschman index (HHI). Results: The results showed that the market share of hospitals in Indonesia was still dominated by government hospitals, which represent 51.4% of the market share. The concentration ratio of four companies (CR4) remains <40, indicating that competition remains relatively open among private hospitals at the national level. Conclusion: Several cities have established hospital markets that are characterized by robust competition, whereas in other cities, the hospital industry remains oligopolistic or monopolistic. It is important to note, however, that this does not imply that the market structure is ineffective on account of competition; rather, it is the result of a scarcity of hospitals in a number of Indonesian cities. Keywords: Concentration ratio, Economic competition, Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Hospital market
Factors Associated with Doctor Satisfaction at Pondok Kopi Jakarta Islamic Hospital in 2021 Yanti, Fitri; Rachmawati, Emma; Saputra, Hermawan
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejhpm.2024.09.01.03

Abstract

Background: Until now, doctor satisfaction has never been thoroughly measured at RSIJ Pondok Kopi. Based on the report of the Pondok Kopi RSIJ Medical Committee, there has been an increase in the number of doctor resignations from 2019 to 2021. This study aims to analyze factors related to doctor satisfaction at Pondok Kopi RSIJ.Subjects and Methods: in this study, the Mix Method with a Cross Sectional design, where data collection was carried out using questionnaires and in-depth interviews as the instruments. The sample used in this study were 74 respondents who were doctors at RSIJ Pondok Kopi.Results: This study showed that out of 74 respondents there were 38 doctors (51.4%) who were satisfied, and 36 doctors (48.6%) who were dissatisfied. Bivariate results show that all variables have a relationship with doctor satisfaction. The results of the multivariate analysis also found that the dominant variable was the doctor's level of commitment with Odds Ratio = 18.730 (CI = 2.525-138.914), which means that doctors who have a bad commitment have a risk of 18.730 times the chance of assessing dissatisfaction.Conclusion: Researchers recommend further intervention and control of hospital management to fulfill doctors' rights and obligations, so as to increase doctor satisfaction. Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Health Service Compensation, Work Environment
Peningkatan Mutu Layanan Klinik Spesialis Anak di RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi Melalui Penerapan Metode Lean Tahun 2023 Saputra, Hermawan; Juwita, Wina Ratna; Rachmawati, Emma
Jurnal Pengabdian Harapan Ibu (JPHI) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pengabdian Harapan Ibu (JPHI)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Harapan Ibu Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30644/jphi.v7i1.975

Abstract

Abstrak Penerapan lean diperlukan di rumah sakit khususnya di kota-kota besar seperti Bekasi dimana persaingan rumah sakit semakin ketat untuk mendapatkan pasien. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi waste dan mengimplementasikan lean sebagai usulan perbaikan di Instalasi rawat jalan Klinik Spesialis anak RSUD Kabupaten Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan Value Stream Mapping (VSM) untuk pemetaan aliran proses yang ada di instalasi rawat jalan klinik spesialis anak. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan sekitar 69,95% masuk dalam kategori NVA (Non Value Added), 29,27% kategori VA (Value Added) dan untuk NNVA sebesar 0,77%. Berdasarkan current value stream mapping menunjukan bahwa untuk melayani satu orang pasien anak membutuhkan waktu 7.469,46 detik. Hasil menunjukan process cycle efficiency hanya sebesar 29,27%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu nilai non value added >30% menunjukkan pelayanan belum efektif, efisien serta terdapat waste. Hasil dari diagram fishbone hal-hal yang mempengaruhi waktu tunggu pasien dan berpotensi menjadi waste dari segi tata letak akar penyebabnya adalah jarak gedung sebagai penentuan layanan dengan pelayanan kasir terlalu jauh. Dari segi sistem informasi permasalahanya penyimpanan rekam medik dan pencatatannya masih manual. Dari peralatan akar penyebab permasalahan antrian yang terjadi adalah kuota pendaftar pasien anak ditiap harinya tidak dibatasi. Dari SDM kurangnya kedisiplinan dan komitmen dokter. Kata kunci : Lean, Waste, Value Stream Mapping, Diagram Fishbone, Waktu Tunggu Abstract The implementation of lean is essential in hospitals, especially in large cities like Bekasi, where competition among hospitals is becoming increasingly intense in attracting patients. The objective of this study is to identify waste and implement lean as a proposed improvement at the Outpatient Installation of the Pediatric Specialist Clinic at Bekasi District General Hospital. This research employs a qualitative method and Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for mapping the existing process flow in the outpatient installation of the pediatric specialist clinic. The results of the study indicate that approximately 69.95% falls into the Non-Value Added (NVA) category, 29.27% into the Value Added (VA) category, and 0.77% into the Non-Non-Value Added (NNVA) category. Based on the current value stream mapping, it shows that serving one pediatric patient takes 7,469.46 seconds. The result indicates a process cycle efficiency of only 29.27%. The conclusion of this study is that the non-value added value of more than 30% indicates that the service is not yet effective, efficient, and there is waste. The results from the fishbone diagram show the factors that influence patient waiting times and have the potential to become waste. From the layout perspective, the root cause is the distance between the service building and the cashier service, which is too far. From the information system perspective, the issue is the manual storage and recording of medical records. From the equipment perspective, the root cause of the queue problem is the lack of a daily limit for pediatric patient registrations. From the human resources perspective, the issue is the lack of discipline and commitment from the doctors. Keywords : Lean, Waste, Value Stream Mapping, Fishbone Diagram, Waiting Time
Efektifitas Buku Saku Digital untuk Transformasi Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri tentang Pencegahan Anemia: The Effectiveness of Digital Pocketbook for the Transformation of the Knowledge and Attitude of Adolescent Girls about the Prevention of Anemia Nuryana, Hurip; Rachmawati, Emma; Khusun, Helda; Mulyawati, Devi Annisa; Lestari, Hesti
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): AMERTA NUTRITION (Bilingual Edition)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v9i1.2025.161-168

Abstract

Background: Anemia is a significant health issues among adolescent girls, negatively impacting their life cycle. Bogor City has an anemia prevalence of 28%. The Indonesian Ministry of Health has introduced a digital pocketbook "Prevention of Anemia for Pregnant Women and Adolescent Girls", an educational tool. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the digital pocketbook in improving the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls about preventing anemia. Methods: This quasi-experiment study used Pretest-Posttest with Control Group design. Samples were purposively chosen from female students in four junior high schools in Bogor (40 students per group per school). Group 1 received Digital Pocket Book with Presentatio, Group 2 received Digital Pocket Book only, and Group 3 served as Control. Changes in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the intervention were analyzed using Wilcoxon test, while the difference among the three groups were tested using Kruskall-Wallis tests with post-hoc analysis (p-value<0.05). Results: Before the intervention, knowledge and attitudes score  was relatively homogeneous (p-value=0.068 and 0.695). After the intervention, Group 1 and 2 showed significant improvements compared to the control. Group 1's knowledge increased significantly (3.01 ± 3.613), followed by Group 2 (1.78 ± 2.947). Attitude improvement was also highest in Group 1 (5.10 ± 7.947), followed by Group 2 (2.65 ± 7.118). Additionally, 95% of respondents rated the digital pocketbook as excellent. Conclusions: The digital pocketbook iss considered effective and informative in improving the knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls about preventing anemia, regardless of additional explanation.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Patient Safety Efforts Syabanasyah, Inas; Rachmawati, Emma; Hartono, Budi
jitek Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Maret 2023
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta III

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32668/jitek.v10i2.1008

Abstract

Good leadership plays a role in implementing patient safety efforts within an established patient safety culture. This study aims to determine the influence of transformational leadership on patient safety efforts, with patient safety culture as the intervening variable. This quantitative research design is cross-sectional, with a sample size of 100 medical personnel, nurses, and medical support staff, selected using random cluster sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, and the analysis was conducted using path analysis. The results showed that transformational leadership directly affects patient safety culture, with a t statistic measurement of 2.80 (>1.96). Transformational leadership also directly affects patient safety efforts, with a t statistic measurement of 2.26 (>1.96). Patient safety culture also directly affects patient safety efforts, with a t statistic measurement of 20.404 (>1.96). The indirect effect was measured through the indirect impact of transformational leadership on patient safety efforts through a patient safety culture, which had a t statistic measurement of 3.101. The study concludes that transformational leadership can improve patient safety efforts and culture.
Exposure time of virgin coconut oil against oral Candida albicans Tjin, Lui Dwen; Setiawan, Ame Suciati; Rachmawati, Emma
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 28, No 2 (2016): July 2016
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.327 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol28no2.13718

Abstract

Introduction: Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is an oil which is purely made as a product of the coconut palmand has been used for centuries in the culinary industry and the medical field. Currently, VCO is used widely in medical field due to its effectiveness as antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. Objective of this experimental study was to prove the effectiveness of virgin coconut oil by determining its exposure time at concentration of 25% to inhibit growth of oral Candida albicans. Methode: The research was done by quasi experiment design using the serial dilution method. The exposure time test was performed using a spread plate technique with virgin coconut oil at concentration of 25 % against oral Candida albicans isolated from saliva. Intervals of day 0, 1, 2 and 3 were used. Result: shows that virgin coconut oil inhibited the growth of oral C. albicans cells at day 2. Conclusion: virgin coconut oil with concentration of 25% can inhibit the growth of oral C. albicans with the exposure time of 2 days, which is similar with other antifungals.
Antibacterial efficacy of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) flower extract against Streptococcus sanguis Nafisa, Durotun; Dewi, Warta; Rachmawati, Emma
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 27, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol27no1.26691

Abstract

Introduction: Rosella is well known as health drink that contains anti bacterial compounds. The purpose of this research is to examine the anti bacterial potential of rosella calyx ethanol extract towards Streptococcus sanguis. Methods: Streptococcus sanguis was obtained from students’ saliva in the clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran. It was cultured in blood agar and incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37°C in a facultative anaerobic environment. Streptococcus sanguis was isolated based on the characteristics of the colonies formed, Gram staining, inulin and rafinose fermentation tests. The anti bacterial test was performed using agar diffusion method (Kirby Bauer Method) by making agar holes in the agar and filling them with rosella extract with concentrations at 0.20 g/ml, 0.10 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml and 0.025 g/ml. Results: The results of this research show that there was anti bacterial activity from the ethanol extract of rosella calyx with the inhibition zones of 19.85 mm, 12.05 mm, 8.45 mm and 3.65 mm under rosellas’s extract’s concentration of at 0.20 g/ml, 0.10 g/ml, 0.05 g/ml and 0.025 g/ml respectively. Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is rosella calyx ethanol extract has the greatest anti bacterial activity at concentration 0.20 g/ml.
Effectiveness of raw robusta coffee bean solution and coffee instant robusta to plaque Muchlisha, Adila; Rusminah, Nunung; Rachmawati, Emma
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 26, No 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol26no1.26756

Abstract

Introduction: It is known that coffee bean consists of higher tannin and trigonelin than instant. Those substances have a role to hamper plaque formation by preventing bacteria sticking on peliccle. The study was conducted to find out the efectiveness of raw robusta coffee bean solution and instant robusta coffee powder toward plaque. Methods: This study was a quasi experimental study with purposive sampling method. The total sample was 20 women who were between 20-30 years old. The plaque was assessed by Personal Hygiene Performance (PHP) plaque index from Podshadley and Haley. Results: There is a different plaque index after gargling with raw robusta coffee bean solution and instant robusta coffee powder solution with plaque index rate differences are 0.6990 and 1.1828, p=0,000.Conclusion: The solution of raw robusta coffee beans is more effective in preventing the formation of plaque than instant robusta coffee powder solution.
The difference of inhibitory zone between Katuk (Sauropus androgynous L. Merr.) leaf infusion and Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) petals towards oral Candida albicans Kusumanegara, Kadek Seruni; Rachmawati, Emma; Setiawan, Ame Suciati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 29, No 2 (2017): July 2017
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.949 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol29no2.13647

Abstract

Introduction: Katuk (Sauropus androgynus L. Merr.) leaf and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) are part of plants that have antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The purpose of this study was to examine the inhibitory zone of katuk leaf’s infusion compared to roselle petals towards the growth of oral Candida albicans. Methods: The research methods was experimental laboratory. Each of katuk leaf and roselle’s infusion were respectively made in four concentration, i.e 5, 10, 20, and 40%. The positive control was 2% ketoconazole, while negative control was sterile aquadest. Results: The result of the study showed that the mean of inhibitory zones of katuk leaf 5%, was 17.90±0.8 mm, katuk leaf of 10% was 19.67±1.78 mm, katuk leaf of 20% was 19.67±1.78 mm, and katuk leaf consentration of 40% was 22.93±1.00 mm, meanwhile the mean of inhibitions zones of roselle petals infusion of 5% shows its mean of 18.53±0.67 mm, roselle petals of 10% was 22.40±1.28 mm, roselle petals of 20% was 26.20±0.87 mm, and roselle petals of 40%was 29.47±2.87 mm. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the mean of inhibitions zones of katuk leaf’s infusion was smaller than roselle petals toward the growth of oral Candida albicans.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA HUKUM DAN POLITIK DI INDONESIA Rachmawati, Emma
Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 8 (2024): Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora
Publisher : Kultura: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Sosial, dan Humaniora

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Hukum yang diberlakukan oleh berbagai sistem politik mungkin berbeda satu sama lain. Evolusi sistem hukum sejalan dengan evolusi politik. Oleh karena itu, dalam menetapkan peraturan dan perundang-undangan bagi suatu negara yang berdaulat, perlu selalu memperhatikan keadilan. Selain itu, untuk menghentikan politisi yang ceroboh dalam menggunakan wewenangnya, undang-undang harus mencakup checks and balances. Bagian penting dari peraturan perundang-undangan adalah memastikan bahwa sistem hukum di Indonesia berkembang agar sesuai dengan tuntutan masyarakat. Untuk menjamin bahwa lembaga-lembaga negara atau otoritas yang berwenang mematuhi proses yang benar ketika menyusun peraturan yang wajib secara hukum dan berlaku secara umum, peraturan perundang-undangan diberlakukan.
Co-Authors Ame Suciati Setiawan Anjani, Mawar Arini, Merita Azizah, Siti Dharma Badra Al Aufa Budi Hartono Ekorini Listiowati, Ekorini Fadli, Rina Khairunnisa Fitri Yanti Gohardi, Virgo Sulianto Handayani, Sarah Helda Khusun Hermawan Saputra Hesti Lestari Juwita, Wina Ratna Kadek Seruni Kusumanegara, Kadek Seruni Koire, Ibrahim Isa Kurniawan, Deni Wahyudi Laksmi, Betty Semara Lui Dwen Tjin, Lui Dwen Mirna Febriani Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah Muchlisha, Adila Mukhaer Pakkanna Mulyawati, Devi Annisa Nafisa, Durotun Nestiti, Adinda Desta Dian Nunung Rusminah Nuraziza, Dyda Nurjuman, Husnan Nuryana, Hurip Permatasari, Fenny Apriana Risti Saptarini Primarti Samsudin, Agus Saraswati, Lia Kharisma Setyowati1, Rika Slamet Budiarto, Slamet SRI RAHAYU Suraya, Izza Syabanasyah, Inas Umniyatun, Yuyun Veruswati, Meita Warta Dewi, Warta Yuliawati Zenab