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Age estimation of ancient skeletons based on the molar teeth attrition Ramadhani, Triane Ayu; Sarilita, Erli; Malinda, Yuti; Yondri, Lutfi; Cunningham, Craig A; Oscandar, Fahmi
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 12, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.12.2.222-230

Background: Two ancient skeletons (Subang Men) were excavated at the Subanglarang site, Subang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. The partial jaw containing set of teeth from the two skeletons was examined to determine the level of dental attrition present which was then used to estimate age at death.Objective: The aim of this study was therefore to determine the pattern of attrition on the molar teeth and use this to estimate the age at death of the Subang Men.Methods: The pattern of attrition in each cusp of the first molar (M1) and second molar (M2) was examined clinically and then compared with the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method. Estimated age was then estimated using formula that are outlined in the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method.Results: The results showed that the level of attrition that occurred in the M1 and M2 teeth of the two ancient man was significant. The estimated age at death calculated based on the attrition pattern of molar teeth for skeleton 1 was 38.9 and skeleton 2 was 61.9-64.6.Conclusion: Dental attrition which is caused by physiologic and pathologic teeth friction is related to age. Therefore, age estimation can be determined based on the attrition pattern that occurs in the teeth.

THE ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY TEST ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS FROM CHRONIC APICAL ABSCESS Malinda, Yuti; Prisinda, Diani
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Background: Prophylactic antibiotics are required as part of root canal therapy for patient with chronic apical abscess. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are the most common bacteria found in root canals with chronic apical abscess. Resistance to amoxicillin, clindamycin and vancomycin has been increasing year after year, necessitating the use of a sensitivity test. The goal of this research was to determine the sensitivity of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus from root canals with chronic apical abscess to amoxicillin, clindamycin, and vancomycin to make scientific antibiotic selections.Method: Six isolates of Staphylococcus and one Streptococcus from root canals with chronic apical abscess were identified by Remel RapID and tested to 10 g amoxicillin, 2 g clindamycin, and 30 g vancomycin using Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion sensitivity test. The diameter inhibition zone was measured and interpreted according to the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) standard.Result: Three of six Staphylococcus are resistant, one of six are intermediate, and two are sensitive to amoxicillin. While the Streptococcus is sensitive to amoxicillin. In contrast, all Staphylococcus and the Streptococcus are resistant to clindamycin. Whilst four of six Staphylococcus are resistant, two are intermediate, and the Streptococcus is resistant to vancomycin.Conclusion: Staphylococcus sensitivity to amoxicillin and vancomycin are diverse even though resistant to clindamycin. In comparison, the Streptococcus sensitivity to clindamycin and vancomycin is resistant but sensitive to amoxicillin.

KNOWLEDGE ON INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL AMONG STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN DENTAL HOSPITAL Paham, Aulia Narendra Mohamad; Malinda, Yuti; Setiawan, Ame Suciati
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Background: Dentist is one of the professions that are vulnerable to the transmission of infectious diseases there is hence it requires proper infection control. The educational hospital is responsible for carrying out infection control training that includes appropriate standard precautions for dental students before carrying out educational activities in the hospital so that students are ready to treat patients. This study aims to determine the knowledge of interns and residents at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital on infection prevention and control.Method: This is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach using data from the training section of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital from August 2020 to February 2021. Determination of the number of samples taken using the Isaac and Michael formula and using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique.Result: The average value of interns and residents are the same, which is 71, seen also from the average percentage of those who answered correctly on the questionnaire which showed similar results between interns and residents. Conclusion: Knowledge on infection prevention and control among interns and residents are the same, with knowledge classified in the sufficient category.

Antifungal effectiveness of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) against candida albicans ATCC 10231: Study experimental Salsabila, Syifa Ainun Fatiha; Setiawan, Ame Suciati; Malinda, Yuti
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 9, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v9i3.65556

ABSTRAKIntroduction: Oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans is a common issue in dental medicine. Red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is known to contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenolics, which have potential antifungal properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal effectiveness of red dragon fruit peel extract against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 in vitro. Methods: This experimental study employed the well diffusion method. The extract was tested in two volumes (20 µL and 100 µL) and five concentrations (50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125%). Nystatin 100,000 IU/mL was used as a positive control, and 2.5% DMSO as a negative control. Microorganism identification was conducted using CHROMagar and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: No inhibition zones were observed in any of the extract treatments.. In contrast, Nystatin showed consistent inhibition zones with an average diameter above 17 mm, while DMSO showed no inhibitory effect. Morphological identification confirmed the test microorganism as Candida albicans. Conclusions: Red dragon fruit peel extract did not exhibit antifungal activity against Candida albicans in the well diffusion method. Further research is needed using different approaches and methodologies.KEY WORDS: candida albicans, red dragon fruit, antifungal, flavonoid, well diffusionEfektivitas antijamur ekstrak kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) terhadap candida albicans ATCC 10231: Studi eksperimentalABSTRACTPendahuluan: Kandidiasis oral akibat Candida albicans merupakan masalah umum di bidang kedokteran gigi. Kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti flavonoid dan fenolik yang berpotensi sebagai antijamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak kulit buah naga merah terhadap Candida albicans ATCC 10231 secara in vitro. Metode: Studi eksperimental ini menggunakan metode difusi sumur (well diffusion). Ekstrak diuji dalam dua volume (20 µL dan 100 µL) dan lima konsentrasi (50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, 3,125%). Nystatin 100.000 IU/mL digunakan sebagai kontrol positif, dan DMSO 2,5% sebagai kontrol negatif. Identifikasi mikroorganisme dilakukan melalui CHROMagar dan pewarnaan hematoksilin eosin. Hasil: Tidak menunjukan zona hambat pada seluruh perlakuan ekstrak. Sebaliknya, Nystatin menunjukkan zona hambat rerata di atas 17 mm, sementara DMSO tidak menunjukkan efek hambatan. Identifikasi morfologi mengkonfirmasi mikroorganisme uji sebagai Candida albicans. Simpulan: Ekstrak kulit buah naga merah tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans dalam metode difusi sumur (well diffusion). Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan dengan pendekatan dan metode yang berbeda.KATA KUNCI: candida albicans, buah naga merah, antijamur, flavonoid, difusi sumur.

Antifungal efficacy of pomegranate aril extract against candida albicans ATCC 10231 in vitro: An experimental study Syafiq, Ikram; Setiawan, Ame Suciati; Malinda, Yuti
Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students Vol 9, No 3 (2025): Oktober 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjdrs.v9i3.65436

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is one of the herbal plants that is widely used as a traditional medicine and has been known to contain alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, punicalagin, phenolics and tannins that function as antifungals. Given the need for alternative antifungals with minimal side effects and the potential of pomegranate aril as significant antimicrobials and antifungals. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power of pomegranate aril extract against C. albicans which is a fungus that causes oral candidiasis. Methods: The antifungal activity test was carried out using the agar diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The average value of the measurement results was taken to see the effect of the concentration of pomegranate aril extract on the growth of C. albicans. Results: The results showed that pomegranate aril extract concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12% did not produce an inhibition zone Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that pomegranate aril extract has no inhibitory power against C. albicans.KEY WORDS: Oral candidiasis, pomegranate aril extract, antifungal, C. albicans, inhibitory zone diameter.Efektivitas antijamur ekstrak aril buah delima terhadap jamur candida albicans ATCC 10231 secara in vitro: Studi eksperimentalABSTRAKPendahuluan: Delima (Punica granatum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman herbal yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional dan telah diketahui mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, punicalagin, fenolik dan tanin yang berfungsi sebagai antijamur. Mengingat adanya kebutuhan akan alternatif antijamur dengan efek samping minimal dan potensi aril buah delima sebagai antimikroba dan antijamur yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak aril buah delima terhadap C. albicans yang merupakan jamur penyebab oral candidiasis. Metode: Ekstrak aril buah delima diperoleh melalui maserasi kemudian diencerkan hingga mendapatkan konsentrasi 50%, 25%, 12,5%, 6,25%, dan 3,12%. Uji aktivitas antijamur dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan cara mengukur diameter zona hambat. Hasil pengukuran diambil nilai reratanya untuk melihat pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak aril buah delima terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak aril buah delima konsentrasi 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25% dan 3.12% tidak menghasilkan zona hambat. Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh simpulan bahwa ekstrak aril buah delima tidak memiliki daya hambat terhadap C. albicans.KATA KUNCI: Oral candidiasis, ekstrak aril buah delima, antijamur, C. albicans, diameter zona hambat.

THE ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY TEST ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS FROM CHRONIC APICAL ABSCESS Malinda, Yuti; Prisinda, Diani
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.9.1.130-137

Background: Prophylactic antibiotics are required as part of root canal therapy for patient with chronic apical abscess. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are the most common bacteria found in root canals with chronic apical abscess. Resistance to amoxicillin, clindamycin and vancomycin has been increasing year after year, necessitating the use of a sensitivity test. The goal of this research was to determine the sensitivity of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus from root canals with chronic apical abscess to amoxicillin, clindamycin, and vancomycin to make scientific antibiotic selections.Method: Six isolates of Staphylococcus and one Streptococcus from root canals with chronic apical abscess were identified by Remel RapID and tested to 10 g amoxicillin, 2 g clindamycin, and 30 g vancomycin using Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion sensitivity test. The diameter inhibition zone was measured and interpreted according to the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) standard.Result: Three of six Staphylococcus are resistant, one of six are intermediate, and two are sensitive to amoxicillin. While the Streptococcus is sensitive to amoxicillin. In contrast, all Staphylococcus and the Streptococcus are resistant to clindamycin. Whilst four of six Staphylococcus are resistant, two are intermediate, and the Streptococcus is resistant to vancomycin.Conclusion: Staphylococcus sensitivity to amoxicillin and vancomycin are diverse even though resistant to clindamycin. In comparison, the Streptococcus sensitivity to clindamycin and vancomycin is resistant but sensitive to amoxicillin.

KNOWLEDGE ON INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL AMONG STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN DENTAL HOSPITAL Paham, Aulia Narendra Mohamad; Malinda, Yuti; Setiawan, Ame Suciati
Odonto : Dental Journal Vol 9, No 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/odj.9.1.100-109

Background: Dentist is one of the professions that are vulnerable to the transmission of infectious diseases there is hence it requires proper infection control. The educational hospital is responsible for carrying out infection control training that includes appropriate standard precautions for dental students before carrying out educational activities in the hospital so that students are ready to treat patients. This study aims to determine the knowledge of interns and residents at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital on infection prevention and control.Method: This is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach using data from the training section of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital from August 2020 to February 2021. Determination of the number of samples taken using the Isaac and Michael formula and using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique.Result: The average value of interns and residents are the same, which is 71, seen also from the average percentage of those who answered correctly on the questionnaire which showed similar results between interns and residents. Conclusion: Knowledge on infection prevention and control among interns and residents are the same, with knowledge classified in the sufficient category.

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