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ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 08537291     EISSN : 24067598     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences (IJMS) is dedicated to published highest quality of research papers and review on all aspects of marine biology, marine conservation, marine culture, marine geology and oceanography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 743 Documents
 69   70   71   72   73 
Safety Assessment of Ocean Current in Pantar Strait for Marine Tourism Prasetyo, Akhmad Tri; Patriadi, Andi; Ahsin, Awaludin; Nurhidayat, Nurhidayat; Purwanto, Budi; Sobaruddin, Dyan Primana; Muslim, Muslim; Hendri, Muhammad; Hermialingga, Septi; Kurniasih, Eka Maya
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 29, No 4 (2024): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.29.4.530-542

Abstract

The Pantar Strait with its coral reef ecosystem has encouraged many tourists to dive since the last decade. At least, ten coral reef ecosystem sites in Pantar Strait have been indicated as having potential for marine tourism, such as Munaseli Beach, Obisinga Beach, Umangdang Beach, Alor Eco Dive Resort, Ternate Island, Bakalang Beach, Pura Diving Spot, Nuhakepa Diving Spot, Pasir Putih Beach, and Savu Alor. This study illustrated the annual dynamics of ocean currents in Pantar Strait, subsequently assessing the safety rate of commercial diving at those tourism sites in each season. A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was generated by the Delft3d flow module to illustrate the annual ocean current dynamic in the Pantar Strait. The safety assessment for marine tourism was classified into 3 levels (safe, alert, and dangerous). Ocean currents exceed maximum velocities in the west season. Various marine tourism sites close to steep slopes were not recommended for commercial diving. They are Munaseli Beach, Obisinga Beach, Pura Diving Spot, and Pasir Putih Beach. These sites experienced an increase in average currents that exceeded the safe threshold each season. Alor Eco Dive Resort was designated as the safest marine tourism, which showed a safe level for either average or maximum ocean currents in each season. Nuhakepa Diving Spot was designated as the second safest marine tourism. Several tourist sites that showed the danger of commercial diving in the west season were Umangdang Beach and Savu Alor. Many tourism sites showed an alert current for commercial diving in Springtide. Therefore, tourists are advised to avoid diving during the spring tide.
Symbiont Types of Scleractinian Corals in Java and Bali Waters, Indonesia Wijayanti, Diah Permata; Indrayanti, Elis; Haryanti, Dwi; Azizah, Mila Amelia Nur; Bhagooli, Ranjeet
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.71-82

Abstract

Several effects of global warming, particularly coral bleaching, have threatened the symbiotic system of coral reefs. Coral reefs perform a reciprocal system that coincides with coral and their algal symbiont, the environment, and human activities. Nowadays, the system has been threatened by local and global stressors, including global warming.  Understanding the ecological resilience of coral reefs to temperature stress relied heavily on the functional variations between algae symbionts as well as their genotypes. Indonesian coral reefs which play a critical value in supporting the reef fisheries, have been reported to experience bleaching events. However, a few reports were on the symbiont type of Indonesian corals.  This study investigates the Symbiodiniaceae communities of coral hosts of Panjang Island and Karimunjawa Archipelago in Java Sea, and Tulamben Waters, Bali using internal transcribed spacer two (ITS2) amplicon sequencing. In total, 63 sequences out of 119 coral colonies from 16 genera were obtained from Panjang Island, Karimunjawa Archipelago, and Tulamben waters, Bali. All sequences showed approximately 600 bp in the length of the amplified ITS-rDNA region. The BLAST homology analysis of ITS-rDNA region sequences showed that samples matched Cladocopium sp. and Durusdinium sp. with similarities ranging between 96.79-100%. Cladocopium dominated the symbiont type of the Acropora, and Porites, While Durusdinium is the dominant symbiont in the Pavona, Both algal can be found in Pocillopora sp, Montipora sp, Goniastrea sp., and Lobophyllia sp. The occurrence of the two symbiont types suggests that coral species may adopt heat-tolerant Symbiodiniaceae to adapt to the high environmental temperatures. 
Seagrass Meadows as Critical Ecosystems: An Integrated Approach to Conservation Area in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara Lestariningsih, Wiwid Andriyani; Himawan, Mahardika Rizqi; Rahman, Ibadur; Atmaja, Putu Satya Pratama; Khaldun, Muhammad Hafidz Ibnu; Santika, Lora; Murtiyoso, Mahbub; Gigentika, Soraya; Hernawati, Hernawati; Himawan, Cahya; Wibisono, Rendy Vidya
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.7-19

Abstract

Seagrass beds are crucial for marine ecosystems, providing habitats and food sources for diverse species while naturally protecting coastlines from erosion. These ecosystems play a pivotal role in stabilizing sediments, filtering pollutants, and acting as carbon sinks, which helps mitigate the effects of climate change. Their significance extends to supporting ecotourism and providing essential services to coastal communities, thereby promoting environmental conservation awareness. Saleh Bay, designated as a marine nature reserve, exhibits rich marine biodiversity across its five distinct zones: core, utilization, sustainable fisheries, non-conservation, and other zones. This study aimed a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal role played by seagrass beds in Saleh Bay's integrated ecosystem in West Nusa Tenggara. The density and percentage cover were count from three linear transects and placed perpendicularly to the coastline. Correspondence Analysis (CA) was applied to represents which species most strongly associated with specific zones. Meanwhile, Cluster Analysis was used to grouping specific zones based on the ecological characteristics. A total of eight seagrass species were identified, which dominated by Enhalus acoroides (42.15%) and closely related to Sustainable Fisheries and Utilization zones. Furthermore, the Cluster Analysis indicates that the Utilization and Sustainable Fisheries zones exhibit the highest degree of similarity (90%) based on their density characteristics. This research underscores the broader understanding of seagrass ecosystems. The high similarity between the Utilization and Sustainable Fisheries zones suggests that these areas play complementary roles in supporting the health of seagrass ecosystems. Management plans should integrate these findings to optimize resource use while ensuring ecological sustainability.
Acoustic Sediment Classification Using High-Frequency (400 kHz) Multibeam Data in Pari Water of Seribu Island, Indonesia Handoko, Dadang; Manik, Henry Munandar; Hestirianoto, Totok; Priandana, Karlisa; Hasan, Rozaimi Che
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.135-144

Abstract

Seafloor classification is essential for understanding sediment distribution, marine habitat characteristics, and resource management. Therefore, this study aimed to classify seafloor sediment in the Pari water, Indonesia using high-frequency (400 kHz) backscatter data obtained through the Multibeam Echosounder T-50P. The Angular Range Analysis (ARA) method was applied to analyze backscatter intensity variations across different incidence angles, to enhance the accuracy of sediment classification in this shallow marine environment. Data acquisition was collected using the T-50P, which captured high-resolution acoustic signals from varying angles to generate angular response curves. Analysis was conducted in the curves were then analyzed to differentiate sediment types, with ground-truth sediment samples collected to validate classification outcomes. The result showed that backscatter intensity mosaic had an intensity range of -27 dB to -37.5 dB. Applying ARA enabled the identification of 12 sediment classes, including sandy silt, coarse silt, and clayey sand. Sediment distribution maps, generated via FMGT and visualized with ArcGIS, indicated a predominance of fine-grained sediments. The FMGT-based classification tended to prioritize finer sediment categories, likely due to the acoustic limitations in detecting granular details. Conversely, the in-situ analysis of 15 sediment samples revealed medium sand as the predominant sediment type, accompanied by smaller proportions of coarse sand and coral fragments. The discrepancies between the in-situ sampling and FMGT results were primarily due to the operational frequency of the MBES system, which limits the acoustic signal's penetration to the surface of the seabed. This highlights the importance of in-situ sampling to complement acoustic data, especially in accurately seabed characterization. 
Morphological and Genetic Characteristics of Red Snapper (Lutjanidae) in Nabire Waters Maharani, Andi Nacisa Malfin Savina; Sala, Ridwan; Toha, Abdul Hamid A; Purbani, Debora Christin; Mokodongan, Daniel Frikli; Kusuma, Aradea Bujana; Pranata, Bayu
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.83-91

Abstract

The Lutjanidae family has a wide range of varieties, posing challenges in their morphological identification. Molecular identification is crucial for augmenting the current morphological data as a comprehensive database for documenting the presence of economically significant fish species in Nabire water. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the morphological and genetic characteristics of red snapper species, as well as assessment of the evolutionary connections among snapper fish found in the water. This study aims to analyze the morphological and genetic characteristics of red snapper species and assess the evolutionary relationships among red snapper found in the sea waters. The DNA extraction procedure was conducted according to the instructions provided by the Geneaid gSYNC DNA extraction kit. The molecular marker used is the DNA barcode of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1) gene. A total of 29 individuals were identified, representing 8 species, namely Lutjanus timoriensis, Lutjanus gibbus, Lutjanus bohar, Lutjanus papuensis, Pinjalo lewisi, Etelis coruscans, Pristipomoides multidens, and Aphareus rutilans. The molecular analysis indicated that there was a fragment length of 620 base pairs (bp). P. multidens and L.  gibbus had the greatest genetic distance (0.22), whilst the species L. bohar and L. gibbus had the smallest genetic distance (0.11). The phylogenetic tree reconstruction yielded 8 monophyletic clades. Based on morphological and genetic analysis, eight species of the Lutjanidae family were identified in Nabire waters. Research is needed on biological parameters such as size when first caught, optimum length of capture and size when first gonad mature.
Modeling Seasonal Variations of Sediment Transport and Morphological Changes in Delta Ecosystem: A Case Study of the Wulan Delta, Indonesia Fadlillah, Lintang Nur; Widyastuti, Margaretha; Kim, Dong Hyeon; Marfai, Muh Aris
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.21-30

Abstract

The suspended sediment from the Serang River plays a crucial role in the development of the Wulan Delta. This study employs the open-source DELFT3D model to investigate seasonal hydrodynamics, sediment distribution, and morphodynamic changes in the delta. Sediment dynamics during both the rainy and dry seasons were analyzed using the DELFT3D-Flow model. Tidal data were sourced from TPXO 9v1 and field measurements, while bathymetric data from GEBCO were validated against in-situ observations. Model results indicate seasonal sediment concentration patterns, which were further validated against satellite imagery, demonstrating consistency between simulated and observed sediment distribution. Statistical analysis revealed an RMSE range of 0.001 to 0.061. The estimated sediment deposition rate is approximately 1.2 t·yr⁻¹, with a deposition rate of 2.74 t·m⁻²·yr⁻¹ at both river mouths. About 12% of the sediment accumulates near the river mouth, while the remainder is redistributed by currents influenced by the Java Sea's bed morphology. Erosion was primarily observed in the eastern part of the delta and at the OWR mouth, whereas the western delta exhibited significant deposition due to strong river currents and substantial sediment supply. This sediment distribution suggests potential delta expansion from the west to the north. Findings contribute to the understanding of sediment transport processes in deltas, with implications for mitigating coastal erosion, enhancing delta resilience, and preserving ecosystems in similar regions across northern Java.
Temporal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in Iraq Marine Water, Northwest of Arabian Gulf. Lafta, Ali Abdulridha; Abdullah, Sadiq Salim
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.145-151

Abstract

Understanding sea surface temperature (SST) Changes in coastal areas is crucial for many aspects of the coastal environment and maritime operations in these water systems. Although SST fluctuations have been frequently documented in various Arabian Gulf areas, such variations in Iraq's marine waters, situated northwest of the Arabian Gulf, are poorly understood. To determine the temporal variations of SST, we examined SST measurements taken off the coast of Iraq between 2017 and 2019. The results revealed that SST exhibited pronounced annual, semiannual, and seasonal fluctuations. The highest and lowest recorded SST values were 36.77 and 14.68  ͦ C, respectively. The seasonal averages of SST reach their maximum value during the summer season at 32.38 C and then are reduced to their lowest range during winter at 17.23 C. Furthermore, the results revealed that the highest SST was recorded in August of all three study years, namely 2017, 2018, and 2019. Meanwhile, the lowest recorded SST was observed in December of 2017 and February of both 2018 and 2019. The results also revealed a negative correlation between SST and Shamal winds. A perceived decrease in SST occurs with Shamal wind events, where the average reduction of SST reaches 2-3 C. At the same time, our results show that SST increases when the southeast wind is predominant. The results obtained in this study could be beneficial for several aspects of the environmental and maritime at this significant part of the Arabian Gulf.
Effect of El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Heat Transport in The Indonesia Throughflow Passages and Ocean Heat Content in The Banda Sea Pratama, Khafid Rizki; Radjawane, Ivonne Milichristi; Pratama, Bayu Edo
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.92-102

Abstract

Indonesia Throughflow (ITF) flows water mass from the Northern Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean through Indonesian waters. This research was conducted in the Eastern Indonesia waters in 2009–2019 using Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) reanalysis and World Ocean Database (WOD) to analyze heat transport in ITF passages and ocean heat content in the Banda Sea. The analysis shows that ITF and heat transport have a strong relationship with a correlation of 0.7 during El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Regarding the vertical profile by depth, heat transport in the Makassar Strait during La Niña was detected to be stronger in the Labani Channel and Central Sulawesi water, with values of -1.2 PW and -0.6 PW. Then, in the Lifamatola Strait, it was identified as strengthening in the Lifamatola Channel and Halmahera Strait with a value of -0.5 PW and -0.3 PW. The lag correlation between heat transport and the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) shows a lag time of around 3-4 months, with the ENSO preceding heat transport. Mixed layer depth has an inverse relationship and salinity has a direct relationship with ENSO. Meanwhile, salinity has a relationship that is directly proportional to the ENSO. Another influence is the Rossby (Kelvin) waves when La Niña (El Niño) propagates to the West (Central) Pacific region, which tends to cause higher (lower) sea level elevations so that ITF and heat transport become strong (weak). It causes the ocean heat content (OHC) to increase during La Niña and decrease during El Niño.
Abundance, Diversity, and Distribution of Fish Larvae in The Bali Strait Satyawan, Noar Muda; Suhery, Noveldesra; Kelana, Perdana Putra; Triyono, Heri; Prasetyo, Ganang Dwi; Prayitno, Muhamad Riyono Edi; Tiku, Mathius
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.31-42

Abstract

Larva represents the initial phase of a fish’s life after hatching from the egg. Studies on fish larvae aim to provide seasonal information, as well as identify spawning and nursery areas, especially economically important fish species, to support the sustainability of fishery resources. This study aimed to gather information on the abundance, diversity, and distribution of fish larvae in the waters of the Bali Strait. Sampling was carried out from August to November 2024, using a trawl net at five observation stations. The larval samples were preserved with 4% formalin and subsequently identified and counted using a microscope at the Capture Fisheries Laboratory of Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic of Jembrana. This study found 22 families of fish larvae, with abundance ranging from 38 to 433 individuals per 1000 m3. Spatially, the highest abundance was recorded at the Perancak station, followed by Tuwed, Sumbersari, Cupel, and Jimbaran. Temporarily, fish larvae with high abundance were found from September to November. The larval composition was dominated by the families Clupeidae, Gobiidae, Bramidae, and Carangidae. Shannon-Wiener Index (H') of fish larvae ranged from 0.64 to 2.18, indicating that the level of diversity and stability of the community was at a low–moderate level. The highest diversity was found at Tuwed station. The distribution of fish larvae is influenced by oceanographic characteristics, fish behavior, and the availability of natural food sources, such as plankton.
Spatial Modeling of Yellowfin Tuna in the Banda Sea Based on Oceanographic Factors Using MaxEnt Asuhadi, Sunarwan; Zainuddin, Mukti; Safruddin, Safruddin; Musbir, Musbir
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 30, No 1 (2025): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.30.1.103-114

Abstract

This study models the spatial distribution of yellowfin tuna (YFT) in the Banda Sea using the MaxEnt approach, addressing critical questions about its predictive capability, the influence of environmental variables such as sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration, and temporal patterns. MaxEnt was chosen for its ability to predict potential distribution areas based on presence data and environmental factors. Data utilized include fish catch records obtained from the fishing logbook of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries of the Republic of Indonesia, chlorophyll-a concentration, and SST data sourced from ocean color satellite observations. Model performance was evaluated using the Area Under the Curve (AUC) metric. Study results reveal that significant spatial and temporal variations in YFT distribution are influenced by oceanographic factors, with the model performing best in July (AUC 0.72) and lowest in April, September, and December (AUC ~0.60). SST was the dominant variable in November (82.35%), while chlorophyll-a had the highest contribution in April (83.02%). These findings highlight the dynamic link between tuna distribution and environmental conditions. The spatial maps offer insights for optimizing fishing practices, reducing pressure on overexploited stocks, and supporting sustainable fisheries management through data-driven approaches like MaxEnt. However, the MaxEnt model has limitations such as sensitivity to multicollinearity, overfitting, and low transferability. Future research could enhance accuracy and robustness by using advanced methods like Spatial Maxent, Monte Carlo Variable Selection, or ensemble modeling to support adaptive fisheries management.

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