Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal)
MORFAI This journal will publish research articles or studies that are multidisciplinary in nature, including: education, law, health, agriculture, engineering, energy, technology, and social science. This journal is dedicated to explore and socialize many creative and innovative thought who focus in: Humanities: Art, History, Languages, Literature, Music, Philosophy, Religion, Theater, etc. Social Science: Geography, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Law, Policy, Social Review, Arts, History, Philosophy, Anthropology Management: Commerce, Economics, Finance, Accounting, Corporate Governance, Human Resources Management, Marketing Management, Quality Management Training and Development Engineering: Information Technology, Computer Application, Civil Engineering, Machanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Physics Medical Science: Medicine, Health, Nursing, Clinical Research, Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, Phytochemistry Biology: Botany, Bioscience, Microbiology, Biotechnology, Clinical Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Agriculture, Chemistry, Environment and Ecology, Food Science, Nutrition, Plant Science, Entomology, Zoology, Fisheries Physical Education: Sports, Yoga, Physiotherapy, Physiology, Exercise, Health
Articles
2,142 Documents
<![CDATA[VALIDITY AND LEGAL POSITION OF ON-CHAIN DISPUTE RESOLUTION IN THE INDONESIAN ARBITRATION SYSTEM: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH SINGAPORE LAW ]]>
<![CDATA[Daffa Charisma Putra Ramadhon]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21235011
<![CDATA[The development of blockchain technology has given rise to on-chain dispute resolution (OCDR) as a dispute settlement mechanism that operates entirely through algorithms and anonymous jurors, without the involvement of any state judicial institution. This research aims to analyze the legal standing of OCDR within Indonesia's civil law system and examine its validity as a form of arbitration under Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, enriched through a comparative analysis with Singapore's legal framework. This research employs a normative juridical method enriched with comparative elements, utilizing the theory of Lex Cryptographia, the theory of state sovereignty and legal positivism, and Satjipto Rahardjo's progressive law theory as analytical tools. The findings indicate that OCDR constitutes a sui generis legal phenomenon operating as Lex Cryptographia, an independent normative order born from algorithmic consensus rather than sovereign state authority. This characteristic causes OCDR to encounter structural deadlock when tested against the legal positivism paradigm underlying Indonesia's Arbitration Law, particularly concerning the validity of arbitration agreements and arbitrator qualifications, both of which remain fundamentally human-centric. Comparison with Singapore reveals that even a more technology-accommodating legal framework experiences similar normative friction, albeit at a lower intensity. This research argues that Satjipto Rahardjo's progressive law approach which prioritizes the law's benefits to humanity over their textual compliance, provides a relevant philosophical framework to justify the acceptance of a hybrid arbitration model, as successfully demonstrated in the Kleros case in Mexico, as a pragmatic solution to the legal gap currently faced by Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[PRICE ELASTICITY IN GENERATION Z LIFESTYLE COFFEE CONSUMPTION : AN ANALYTICAL LITERATURE REVIEW ]]>
<![CDATA[Tamariska Fendy Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Lis Sintha]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22040361
<![CDATA[This study analyzes price elasticity in emotional product consumption, focusing on lifestyle coffee among Generation Z consumers. The study applies an analytical literature review with thematic analysis to synthesize research on coffee demand, price elasticity, hedonic consumption, lifestyle-based purchasing, social media influence, fear of missing out (FoMO), and perceived value. A replicable search protocol was developed using Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journals, Emerald Insight, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis Online, and Garuda/SINTA-indexed Indonesian journals. The search prioritized publications from 2016 to 2026, while seminal works on hedonic consumption and thematic analysis were retained when conceptually necessary. After relevance-based screening, 25 sources were synthesized into four themes. The review finds that lifestyle coffee demand among Generation Z is not shaped by price and functional utility alone, but also by hedonic value, lifestyle identity, brand experience, social media visibility, and FoMO-driven trend participation. These factors may reduce price sensitivity and support higher price tolerance, especially when consumers perceive coffee as a symbolic and experiential product. However, this inelasticity is conditional; consumers may become price sensitive when quality, ambience, digital relevance, or emotional value declines. The study concludes that lifestyle coffee businesses should apply value-based and experience-driven pricing rather than relying solely on cost-based or competition-based pricing.]]>
<![CDATA[POLICY INSTRUMENTS OF PERSUASION AND COERCION: LESSONS FROM ZIMBABWE GOLD CURRENCY REFORM (2024–2025) ]]>
<![CDATA[Malony Zorodzai Marekwa]]>;
<![CDATA[Asal Wahyuni Erlin Mulyadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Rino Ardhian Nugroho]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22005335
<![CDATA[The policy implementation process is complex, as policymakers select and design policy instruments that best suit their objectives in the context of the issues at hand. This study explores how the Zimbabwean government implemented the 2024 Zimbabwe Gold currency reform through persuasion and coercion in a low-trust economy with a highly informal structure. This study uses policy instrument theory and the NATO framework to argue that policy instruments based on nodality can be deployed as persuasion and those based on authority as coercion. This study employs reflexive thematic analysis across 30 documents from government, civil society, academia, and the media. The results show that using nodality tools, such as persuasion without transparency, is a symbolic mechanism, and using authority-based tools without capacity is a coercive mechanism that is difficult to implement. The joint application of the two instruments in these cases reduces the effectiveness of the policy, promotes informality, and weakens citizens’ trust in public institutions. The study concludes that persuasion and coercion are insufficient substitutes for credible institutional frameworks and stakeholder engagement. This study contributes to policy instrument theory and offers recommendations for currency reforms in developing countries.]]>
<![CDATA[PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA LINN EXTRACT ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND COLLAGEN DEPOSITION IN D-GALACTOSE-INDUCED SKELETAL MUSCLE AGING IN RATS ]]>
<![CDATA[Gabriella E.O Andrianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurul Paramita]]>;
<![CDATA[Roman Ardian Goenarjo]]>;
<![CDATA[Imelda Rosalyn Sianipar]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21282013
<![CDATA[Background: The aging process in skeletal muscle is often triggered by chronic oxidative stress that impacts extracellular matrix remodeling in the form of fibrosis and decreased motor function. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. (HSL) extract is known to be rich in polyphenol and anthocyanin compounds that have the potential as antioxidant agents. Objective: This study aims to analyze the potential of HSL intervention in regulating gastrocnemius muscle aging in an old rat model accelerated with D-galactose, reviewed from molecular, histopathological and functional aspects. Methods: A total of 18 rats were divided into three groups (n=6): Young Normal Group (NM), D-galactose aging acceleration Group (Ap), and D-galactose + HSL Group (ApH). Aging induction was carried out using D-galactose at a dose of 200 mg/KgBW, daily for 8 weeks orally via tube. HSL supplementation was mixed in drinking water at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW daily for 8 weeks. The parameters tested included serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, MMP-9 levels in muscle tissue, limb muscle grip strength, and the percentage of collagen deposition in histopathology preparations. Results: MDA levels and MMP-9 enzyme activity in the Ap group were higher than the NM group (P < 0.001). The percentage of gastrocnemius muscle tissue collagen in the Ap group was lower than the NM group (P < 0.05). No differences were found in muscle grip strength between the Ap group and the NM group. MDA and MMP-9 levels in the ApH group given HSL supplementation were not significantly different from the NM group (P > 0.05). The percentage of gastrocnemius muscle tissue collagen in the ApH group was also not significantly different from the NM group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation of HSL extract in the accelerated aging group was able to suppress MDA levels, reduce MMP-9 levels, and maintain the percentage of gastrocnemius muscle tissue collagen. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. extract proven to be effective in inhibiting the aging process of gastrocnemius muscle through the mechanism of lipid peroxidation chain cleavage and prevention of fibrotic remodeling, which contributes to the maintenance of the mechanical functional capacity of the muscle.]]>
<![CDATA[THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE UTILIZATION ON STUDENTS' SELF-CONFIDENCE THROUGH KNOWLEDGE AND MOTIVATION ]]>
<![CDATA[Lidyawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Bakri Hasanuddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiri Wirastuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Nur Risky Islianti]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21350415
<![CDATA[Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have transformed the way students acquire information and supported the learning process. However, the impact of AI use on students’ self-confidence through knowledge and motivation still requires further study. This study aims to analyze the effect of artificial intelligence on students’ self-confidence, with knowledge and motivation serving as mediating variables. This study employed a quantitative approach involving 292 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business at Tadulako University, selected using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the SmartPLS 4 software. The results of the analysis indicate that artificial intelligence has a positive and significant effect on students’ knowledge, motivation, and self-confidence. Knowledge does not have a significant effect on students’ self-confidence. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on students’ self-confidence. The results of the mediation test indicate that knowledge does not mediate the effect of artificial intelligence on students’ self-confidence. The mediation test results also showed that motivation mediates the effect of artificial intelligence on students’ self-confidence. These findings indicate that the use of artificial intelligence can support the improvement of students’ self-confidence and provide insights for higher education institutions in optimizing the use of artificial intelligence in the learning process.]]>
<![CDATA[THE INFLUENCE OF NON-FINANCIAL COMPENSATION ON TURNOVER INTENTION OF GENERATION Z EMPLOYEES IN THE FOOD & BEVERAGES INDUSTRY WITH JOB SATISFACTION AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE ]]>
<![CDATA[Suci Indah Syafitri]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahdini Rizki Saragih]]>;
<![CDATA[Naomi Karina Hutagalung]]>;
<![CDATA[Siti Nurrahmawati Novitasari Hasyim]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Kodri Fauzi Hasibuan]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22040175
<![CDATA[The high rate of employee turnover in the Food & Beverages industry has become a major challenge for companies in retaining human resources, particularly Generation Z employees who possess distinct work characteristics and expectations compared to previous generations. This study aims to analyze the effect of non-financial compensation on turnover intention among Generation Z employees in the Food & Beverages industry in East Medan District, with job satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. This research employed a quantitative approach using an accidental sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with the assistance of SmartPLS 4 software. The results indicate that non-financial compensation has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention and a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Furthermore, job satisfaction has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention. The findings also reveal that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between non-financial compensation and turnover intention. These results suggest that providing adequate non-financial compensation, such as recognition, career development opportunities, supportive work environments, and positive workplace relationships, can enhance job satisfaction and reduce Generation Z employees' intention to leave the organization. The study contributes to the human resource management literature and provides practical implications for companies in developing effective employee retention strategies for Generation Z workers.]]>
<![CDATA[ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION FOR OPERATIONAL COST EFFICIENCY AT PARAMEDIKA BEKASI HOSPITAL ]]>
<![CDATA[Wendy Mochamad Ramdhan]]>;
<![CDATA[Erliany Syaodih]]>;
<![CDATA[Budi Santoso]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the implementation of financial risk management and its impact on the efficiency of operational costs at Paramedika Bekasi Hospital. The research employs the SNI ISO 31000:2018 framework as the analytical foundation. The method applied is a descriptive qualitative case study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with key informants, documentation studies of financial reports, and field observations. The findings reveal that the implementation of financial risk management in the hospital does not meet the principles of SNI ISO 31000:2018. The process is reactive and fragmented, characterized by top-down communication, the absence of formal risk context establishment, undocumented risk assessment, treatment strategies reliant on internal borrowing, and ineffective monitoring mechanisms. This condition leads to the organization's inability to anticipate and mitigate various financial risks, which ultimately directly impacts the low efficiency of operational costs. The novelty of this research lies in its holistic approach, which integrates an international standard framework with an in-depth analysis of the unique context of private hospitals in Indonesia, particularly in an acute financial crisis situation.]]>
<![CDATA[THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CADETS' ACADEMIC COMPETENCE AND PERFORMANCE DURING FLIGHT OPERATIONS OFFICER ON-THE-JOB TRAINING AT PT CITILINK INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Rico Darmawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Khoirunnisa Larasati]]>;
<![CDATA[Herdi Santoso]]>;
<![CDATA[Dimas Hari Cahyo]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22038300
<![CDATA[Aviation vocational education requires alignment between theoretical knowledge and the ability to perform operational tasks effectively. This study aimed to analyze the level of cadets' academic competence, the level of practical performance, and the relationship between the two during the On-the-Job Training (OJT) program for Flight Operations Officers (FOOs) at PT Citilink Indonesia. The study employed a quantitative descriptive correlational design. The primary analysis involved all 126 cadets of the Aircraft Operations Study Program at the Indonesian Aviation Academy Banyuwangi who had complete academic records and OJT performance evaluations. Academic competence was measured using the average scores of 17 FOO-related subjects, while OJT performance was measured based on supervisors' evaluations covering FLOPS, RAMP, Flight Following, Crew Tracking, and Work Habit. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, and Spearman's rank correlation. As supporting data, a perception questionnaire was administered to 65 cadets, with the sample size determined using the Slovin formula. The results showed that the mean academic competence score was 84.67, which falls into the Very Good category, while the mean OJT performance score was 87.75, categorized as Satisfactory. Both variables were not normally distributed. Spearman's rank correlation analysis yielded a correlation coefficient of ρ = –0.196 with p = 0.028, indicating a statistically significant but very weak negative relationship. The questionnaire findings revealed that academic competence provided a fundamental basis for performing OJT tasks; However, cadets still perceive differences between campus-based learning and airline operational practices, particularly regarding operational procedures, company systems, and operational applications. The study concludes that academic competence is significantly associated with OJT practical performance, although the strength of the relationship is very weak and therefore does not fully explain OJT performance. The findings suggest that educational institutions should strengthen operational simulations, introduce airline operational systems, and further align academic learning with industry requirements]]>
<![CDATA[MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF TAF VENTILATION SYSTEMS WITH DIFFERENT INLET GEOMETRIES FOR PARTICLE CONTROL AND THERMAL COMFORT IN OPERATING ROOMS ]]>
<![CDATA[Ghiffar Yanuar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sholahudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawan Teguh Waskito]]>;
<![CDATA[Ridho Irwansyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22006312
<![CDATA[Operating room ventilation plays an important role in controlling bacteria-carrying particles (BCP), reducing infection risk, and maintaining thermal comfort for medical staff. Temperature-controlled airflow (TAF) is a promising ventilation strategy because it supplies air through central and peripheral inlets with different temperatures to form a stable downward airflow. This study aims to optimize a TAF ventilation system by considering BCP concentration, energy consumption, and predicted mean vote (PMV). A three-dimensional operating room model was developed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Four operating parameters were varied using central composite design (CCD), while the peripheral inlet position was evaluated separately as a two-level geometry parameter. Airflow was solved using the RNG k–ε turbulence model, while BCP motion was modeled using the discrete phase model (DPM). CFD simulation results were used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) model, which was then integrated with a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA). TOPSIS was used to select the best compromise solution from the Pareto front. The optimum condition was obtained at a central inlet velocity of 0.2735 m/s, peripheral inlet velocity of 0.1671 m/s, central inlet temperature of 21.8649 °C, peripheral inlet temperature of 22.0127 °C, and peripheral-to-central inlet distance of 2.0474 m. This configuration produced a BCP concentration of 0.9115 CFU/m³, energy consumption of 9.8832 kW, and PMV of −0.3186. These results indicate that the modified TAF configuration can produce low particle concentration, relatively low energy consumption, and acceptable thermal comfort in the operating room.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LOVE-BASED CURRICULUM IN ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS USING THE STUFFLEBEAM CIPP MODEL ]]>
<![CDATA[Mifkhudin]]>;
<![CDATA[Darodjat]]>;
<![CDATA[Sriyanto]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad]]>
<![CDATA[ Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 5 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[RADJA PUBLIKA ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22038176
<![CDATA[The Love-Based Curriculum (KBC) is a strategic policy of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia through the Decree of the Director General of Islamic Education Number 6077 of 2025 which instills the values of Panca Cinta in learning in madrasas. Although it has been implemented nationally, no research has evaluated the quality of its implementation measurably using a program evaluation model at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah level. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of KBC at MTs Nurul Islam Bayung Lencir using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model from Stufflebeam. The study used a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design involving 171 respondents, consisting of one madrasah principal, 18 teachers, and 152 students. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation studies, then analyzed and triangulated. The results showed that the overall implementation of KBC was in the Good category (83.49%). The Context component received the highest score (87.81%, Very Good), indicating that the program is aligned with the needs of students and madrasah policies; The Process component also scored Very Good (81.69%) through habituation and exemplary behavior. Meanwhile, the Input component received the lowest score (80.34%, Good) due to weak documentation and supporting administration, and the Product component (84.12%, Good) showed a positive impact on student character even though the reporting system was still manual. This study provides a measurable evaluation framework based on CIPP for the implementation of KBC in madrasas as well as data-based improvement recommendations for madrasa managers and Islamic education policy makers.]]>
