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Spatial Analysis of Vegetation Index in Ambon City Center Area, Indonesia using Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery in Google Earth Engine Rifai , Ahmat; Halim; Rakuasa, Heinrich; Tade , Ferdi; Purnama , Aventus; Jufriansah , Adi; Khusnani , Azmi
Frontiers in Sustainable Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : CV. Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/fsst.v2i1.365

Abstract

This study analyzed the impact of urbanization on vegetation cover in Ambon City using Google Earth Engine (GEE) technology and the NDVI index. The methods used include Sentinel-2 image data processing and field validation at 40 sample points conducted in Google Earth Engine. The analysis revealed that the Non-vegetation area has a percentage area of 29.25%, Sparse vegetation area of 19.89%, Medium Vegetation area of 21.80% and Dense Vegetation area of 29.06% of the total area of Ambon City center. The results of this study emphasize the urgent need for conservation policies and utilization of monitoring technology in the planning of sustainable green open space in Ambon City Center.
Detection of Land Cover Change in Nickel Mining Areas, in Weda Tengah Sub-district, Halmahera Island, Indonesia using Planet-Scope Satellite Images Rakuasa, Heinrich; Ahmat Rifai , Ahmat Rifai; Latulanit , Abdul Kadir; Amahoru , Abd H; Laitupa , Rizky Ahmad; Diaz Astiza , Diaz Astiza; Rajani , La Mbeli
Frontiers in Sustainable Science and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : CV. Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/fsst.v2i1.379

Abstract

Land cover change is a global phenomenon triggered by human activities, including mining, which has significant impacts on the environment and ecosystems. In Indonesia, particularly on Halmahera Island, nickel mining has become one of the main economic sectors, but this activity often results in serious environmental degradation. The data used in this study is PlanetScope satellite image data for 2016, 2020 and 2024 which has a 3-meter spatial resolution. The image data was then interpreted and digitized to obtain land cover classes consisting of settlements, farming areas, vegetation and water bodies. The validation results of land cover in 2016, 2020, and 2024 obtained accuracy values of 92%, 90%, and 95%, respectively. In 2016, settlements had an area of 222.79 ha, mining area of 364.98 ha, vegetation of 52,938.88 ha, water body of 212.88 ha. In 2020, settlements were 343.92 ha, mining areas were 1,329.18 ha, vegetation was 51,853.55 ha, water bodies were 212.88 ha. In 2024, settlements are 563.92 ha, mining area is 4,498.32 ha, vegetation is 48,464.41 ha and water bodies are 212.88 ha. The mining area certainly continues to increase in area every year.
Modeling Flood Hazards in Ambon City Watersheds: Case Studies of Wai Batu Gantung, Wai Batu Gajah, Wai Tomu, Wai Batu Merah and Wai Ruhu Rakuasa, Heinrich; Latue, Philia Christi
Journal of Engineering and Science Application Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): October
Publisher : Institute Of Advanced Knowledge and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69693/jesa.v1i2.6

Abstract

Flood hazard modeling in watersheds is an important step in natural disaster risk mitigation, especially in vulnerable areas such as Ambon City. This research focused on the Wai Batu Gantung, Wai Batu Gajah, Wai Tomu, Wai Batu Merah, and Wai Ruhu watersheds, using JRC Global Surface Water Mapping Layers data, NASA SRTM Digital Elevation 30 m data, and USGS Landsat 8 Level 2, Collection 2, Tier 1 data analyzed on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Prediction of built-up land in flood-prone areas was conducted by utilizing flood history analysis, hydrological modeling, and flood zone mapping. The results show that flood hazard modeling provides a better understanding of flood risk, assists in the development of safer land use planning, and increases public awareness of flood risk in Ambon City. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to flood risk management and sustainable regional development in the future.
Integrating Geospatial Technology in Learning: An Innovation to Improve Understanding of Geography Concepts Manakane, Susan E; Latue, Philia Christi; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Sinergi International Journal of Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/education.v1i2.70

Abstract

This research discusses the integration of geospatial technology in geography learning as an innovation to improve students' understanding of geography concepts. This research uses literature study method to investigate the importance of geospatial technology integration in geography learning with the aim of improving students' understanding of geography concepts. The results show improvements in visualization of abstract concepts, introduction of global and local concepts, development of analytical skills, and more active student interaction. Constraints such as facility availability and teacher training were also recognized. The integration of geospatial technology opens up opportunities for more engaging and effective contextualized learning in the digital era.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Geography Learning: Challenges and Opportunities Rakuasa, Heinrich
Sinergi International Journal of Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/education.v1i2.71

Abstract

This research discusses the potential and challenges of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in geography learning. By considering the fundamentals of AI and the role of geography in the era of globalization, this research outlines the benefits of AI in geography learning through interactive visualization and personalization of learning. However, challenges such as equitable access to technology and teacher training are major concerns in the application of AI. The research uses descriptive method with literature review which involves collecting, analyzing, and explaining the information in the literature relevant to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in Geography learning. In addition, this study highlights the opportunities of AI in geographic data analysis and addressing global challenges such as climate change. The profound implications of AI integration in geography learning are also discussed, given its impact on education and society. This research provides a holistic picture of the intersection of AI and geography, encouraging a better understanding of its potential and limitations. It is hoped that this research will provide guidance for educational practitioners and researchers to optimize the potential of AI in geography teaching, taking into account the challenges to be overcome and the opportunities to be exploited.
Integrating Geography in Disaster Education: A Step Toward a Disaster Resilient Ambon City Manakane, Susan E; Latue, Philia Christi; Rakuasa, Heinrich
Sinergi International Journal of Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Yayasan Sinergi Kawula Muda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61194/education.v1i2.72

Abstract

The alignment of geography concepts in disaster education is an important strategy to build an Ambon City that has high preparedness in facing disaster risks. The integration of geography concepts enables a deeper understanding of geographical factors that influence risk, such as location and topography. This research uses a descriptive Qualitative Method by conducting a literature study. The results show that through disaster education that incorporates aspects of geography, communities can plan appropriate mitigation actions and design disaster-resistant infrastructure. Cross-sector collaboration between the government, private sector, community organizations, and educational institutions is the foundation in dealing with disaster risks in a holistic way. This integrated disaster education builds high awareness of risks and the environment, provides mental and physical preparedness in the face of crisis, and forms a solid foundation for a safer and more resilient future. In the face of disaster threats, integrating geography in disaster education is an important milestone in making Ambon City a city that is ready and resilient in the face of various natural challenges and crises.
Analysis of Vegetation Index in Ambon City Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Image Data with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Method based on Google Earth Engine Rakuasa, Heinrich; Sihasale, Daniel Anthoni
Journal of Innovation Information Technology and Application (JINITA) Vol 5 No 1 (2023): JINITA, June 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35970/jinita.v5i1.1869

Abstract

Rapid urban development and increasing human activities in the city can affect the decline in the Vegetation Index in Ambon City. The research aims to analyze the vegetation index using sentinel-2 satellite image data with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) in Ambon City in 2023. This research uses Sentinel-2 Satellite Image data which is analyzed using Google Earth Engine with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. The results showed that the vegetation index value in Ambon City in 2023 was the lowest value of -0.672381 and the highest value of 0.949297. The vegetation index value is then divided into four classes, namely No Vegetation which has an area of 4,448.99 ha or 13.67%, Low Vegetation areas have an area of 1,611.06 ha or 4.95%, Moderate Vegetation areas have an area of 2,895.12 ha or 8.89% and High Vegetation areas have an area of 23,597.35 ha or 72.49%. Analysis of the vegetation index in Ambon City is very important to maintain environmental balance and a healthy and sustainable environment.
Spatial Temporal Analysis of Land Surface Temperature Changes in Ambon Island from Landsat 8 Image Data Using Geogle Earth Engine Rakuasa, Heinrich
Journal of Applied Research In Computer Science and Information Systems Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : PT. BERBAGI TEKNOLOGI SEMESTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61098/jarcis.v2i1.123

Abstract

This study aims to analyze land surface temperature changes on Ambon Island using Landsat 8 imagery data and Google Earth Engine. The research method involves the use of Ambon Island boundary data from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) as well as Landsat 8 Collection 2 Tier 1 and Real-Time satellite image data that have been calibrated to reflect the reflectance of the Earth's surface to the atmosphere. The analysis steps include temperature conversion from Kelvin to Celsius, land surface temperature classification, and data export to Arc GIS software. The results showed an increase in land surface temperature associated with urban development in Ambon City, highlighting the importance of sustainable urban planning and good resource management to mitigate the negative impacts of land surface temperature increase and support adaptation to climate change.
Identification of Potential Landslide Areas in Nusaniwe Sub-district using Slope Morphology Method Rakuasa, Heinrich
Journal of Applied Research In Computer Science and Information Systems Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : PT. BERBAGI TEKNOLOGI SEMESTA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61098/jarcis.v2i1.124

Abstract

This study aims to identify potential landslide areas in Nusaniwe Sub-district using the Slope Morphology Method (SMORPH) based on slope and slope shape analysis. The results show that the complex geological and topographical conditions in the area increase the risk of landslides, with areas of high slope and steep slope shapes tending to be landslide hotspots. Interdisciplinary collaboration, community education, and the development of effective mitigation strategies are key in reducing the risk of landslides in Nusaniwe Sub-district and similar areas.
Assessing Settlement Suitability Using Road Network Analysis for Sustainable Urban Planning in Ambon City, Indonesia Rakuasa, Heinrich; Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirovich
Applied Engineering, Innovation, and Technology Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/aeit.v1i2.39

Abstract

The availability of infrastructure, particularly the road network, is a critical factor influencing the spatial distribution and suitability of land for settlement development in Ambon City. This study aims to assess settlement suitability by analyzing the relationship between settlement areas and their proximity to the road network, with a focus on supporting sustainable urban planning. Using road network data and SPOT 6 satellite imagery, the research employs a buffer technique to categorize settlements into three zones based on their distance from the nearest road: less than 100 meters, between 100 and 750 meters, and more than 750 meters. The findings reveal that settlements located within 100 meters of the road network cover 8,538.43 hectares, or 26.21% of the total settlement area. Settlements situated between 100 to 750 meters from roads account for 11,634.20 hectares (35.72%), while those farther than 750 meters from the road network occupy 12,401.05 hectares, representing 38.07% of the total settlement area. These results underscore the critical role that proximity to roads plays in determining the suitability of land for residential development, with a noticeable concentration of settlements closer to transportation infrastructure. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers in Ambon City, offering a spatial understanding of settlement distribution that can guide future infrastructure development and land use policies.
Co-Authors Abdul Muin Adi Jufriansah Adifan, Muhammad Rayhan Ahmad Jaelani Ahmat Rifai , Ahmat Rifai Amahoru , Abd H Amelia, Risky Nuri Amponsah, Anastasia Arda Fadhli Romadhon Ardin Suwandi, Mohamad ARINI, INE Aswan, Marwis Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirov Budnikov, Viktor Vladimirovich C Latue, Philia Christi Latue, Philia Daniel Anthoni Sihasale Darisera, Stiadi Darisera, Stiadi Ivanto Diaz Astiza , Diaz Astiza Do Huy-Hoang Dzaka A Faris Dzaka Ashriel Faris Fadlan Turi Faris, Dzaka. A Gustavo, Geoffrey John Pascal Halawa, Feberman Halim Halim Halim, Halim Helwend, Joseba Kristina Hidayatullah, Muh Hidayatullah, Muh. Imanuel Septory, Juan Steiven Joshua, Benson Juan S. I. Septory Kamiludin, Kamiludin Kappy, Tresia M Khromykh , Vadim V. Khromykh, Vadim V Khromykh, Vadim V. Khusnani , Azmi Kusratmoko, Supriatna, Eko Laitupa , Rizky Ahmad Langputeh, Sukree Latue , Philia Christi Latue, Philia Latue, Philia C Latue, Philia Christi Latue, Philia, Christi Latue, Theochrasia Latulanit , Abdul Kadir Letedara, Reindino Letedara, Reindino` Liwan, Sandy Lubis, Aufar Raynanda Luturmas, Jochbeth D. Maimina, Steiven Mehdil, Marhelin Chostansa Mehdila, Marhelin C Mohammad Amin Lasaiba Muh Hidayatullah Muh. Hidayatullah Muhammad Ikhsan Muskita, Marike Nathanya I Alicia Nordin, Norazah Nurul Achmadi , Panji Pakniany, Yamres Pertuak, Anesia Clorita Philia Christi Latue Pinoa, W S Pitri, Mellia Laura Purnama , Aventus Purwantara, Suhandi Rafly Aulya Rizky Nasution Rahayaan , Muhamad F. M. Raihan Rabbani Rajani , La Mbeli Rajani, La Mbeli RAMDHANI RAMDHANI Reinhard Nolly Limba Ria Karuna, Joan Rifai , Ahmat Rifai, Ahmat Rinaldi, Muhamad Rohima Wahyu Ningrum, Rohima Wahyu Sarfan , Riri Septory, Juan Steiven Imanuel Sihasale, Daniel A Sihasale, Daniel Anthoni Sipiel, Roni Somae, Glendy Stewart Pertuack Sugandhi, Nadhi Sugandhi, Nandhi Supriatna, s Susan E. Manakane, Susan E. Syahran Wael Tade , Ferdi Tambunan, Mangapul Parlindungan Tambunan, Rudy Parluhutan Tamrin Robo Tehupelasury, Syifa Triani, Triani Viktor Vladimirovich Budnikov Wahab, Wulan Abdul Wlary, Anelia P. Wulandari, Agustia Ayu Wutres, Sadrak L. Yamres Pakniany Yuni Andriyani Safitri