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Widya FATRIASARI
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Valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches into activated carbon: A mini-review Agus Pratama, Andhika Putra; Rohma, Novita Ainur; Elviliana, Elviliana; Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun; Setyawan, Hendrix Yulis; Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang; Fatriasari, Widya; Suhartini, Sri; Jung, Young Hoon; Idrus, Syazwani; Melville, Lynsey
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.01.9

Abstract

This paper aimed to comprehensively review the potential valorization of oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) into activated carbon and its potential application. Activated carbon is carbon processed through dual phases, including carbonization and activation. Firstly, this process converts biomass into carbon thermally with zero to little oxygen conditions. Next, the carbon needs to be activated to stimulate the formation of pores and reduce impurities. The activated carbon’s quality is influenced by the activation process, which can be done physically, chemically, or physiochemically. Activated carbon has an amorphous structure and abundant internal pore structure, thus increasing the surface area. In Indonesia, the quality of active carbon is regulated by Indonesian National Standards or SNI 06-370-1995.  The factors influencing the activation step include activator agent type,  activator agent concentration, activation ratio and time, etc. . Generally, activated carbon can be widely applied to various sectors, such as agriculture (i.e., slow-released fertilizer, fertilizer, etc.), waste treatment (i.e., adsorbent, activator in anaerobic digestion/AD, bioremediation, etc.), gas purification, ceramic membrane, etc. However, further in-depth investigation is required to determine potential scaling-up and commercialization.
FIBER DISRUPTION OF BETUNG BAMBOO (Dendrocalamus asper) BY COMBINED FUNGAL AND MICROWAVE PRETREATMENT Fatriasari, Widya; Syafii, Wasrin; Wistara, Nyoman; Syamsu, Khaswar; Prasetya, Bambang; Anita, S Heris; Risanto, Lucky
BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 2 (2015): BIOTROPIA Vol. 22 No. 2 December 2015
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1200.375 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2015.22.2.363

Abstract

Combined microwave pretreatment is an effective method to modify carbohydrate and lignin structures of fungal and lignocellulosic materials, thereby improving the hydrolysis process for bioethanol conversion. This study aimed to evaluate the structural changes in carbohydrate and lignin components of betung bamboo following a combined biological–microwave pretreatment. Based on previous findings, a 30-day incubation using 5% and 10% (w/v) inoculum loading of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor—which showed the highest delignification selectivity—was selected as the fungal pretreatment. Microwave irradiation was then applied for 5, 10, and 12.5 minutes at 330 W. Characterization of structural changes was conducted using FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis revealed that the combined pretreatment affected only the intensity of absorption bands without altering the functional groups. A decline in peak intensity occurred at 1,736 cm⁻¹ (C=O in xylan), 1,373 cm⁻¹ (C–H deformation in cellulose and hemicellulose), 1,165 cm⁻¹ (C–O–C vibration in cellulose and hemicellulose), and 895 cm⁻¹ (β-glycosidic linkage in cellulose). The pretreatment reduced hydrogen bonding in cellulose and weakened lignin–carbohydrate linkages associated with bamboo cellulose crystallinity. A slight increase in crystallinity index was observed due to cleavage of the amorphous fraction. SEM imaging confirmed the disruption of fiber structure, showing increasing degradation with longer microwave exposure durations.
Bio-Polyurethane Resins Derived from Liquid Fractions of Lignin for the Modification of Ramie Fibers Aristri, Manggar Arum; Lubis, Muhammad Adly Rahandi; Laksana, Raden Permana Budi; Falah, Faizatul; Fatriasari, Widya; Ismayati, Maya; Wulandari, Asri Peni; Nurindah
Jurnal Sylva Lestari Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): May
Publisher : Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jsl29223-238

Abstract

Lignin is a biopolymer from agro-forestry biomass which provides greater prospects for higher added value applications in renewable and sustainable products. In this study, technical lignin from black liquor was used as a pre-polymer for the preparation of bio-polyurethane (Bio-PU) resins. Briefly, the isolated lignin was fractionated using ethyl acetate (EtAc) and methanol (MeOH). The liquid fractions of lignin, such as lignin-EtAc (L-EtAc) and lignin-methanol (L-MeOH), were mixed with 10% of polymeric isocyanate (based on the weigth of liquid fractions) to obtain Bio-PU resins. The isolated lignin, fractionated lignin, and lignin-derived Bio-PU resins were characterized using several techniques. The obtained Bio-PU resins then were used to modify ramie fibers using vacuum impregnation method. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed that the isolated lignin had quite similar characteristics to lignin standar. Fractionation of lignin with EtAc and MeOH altered its characteristics. FTIR, DSC, and TGA showed that solid fractions of lignin had similar characteristics to lignin standard and isolated lignin, while the liquid fractions had characteristics from lignin and the solvents. The absorption band of isocyanate (-N=C=O) groups was shifted to 2285 cm-1 from 2240 cm-1 owing to the reaction with the -OH groups in lignin, forming urethane (R-NH-C=O-R) groups at 1605 cm-1 in Bio-PU resins. Thermal properties of Bio-PU resins derived from L-EtAc exhibited greater endothermic reaction compared to Bio-PU-L-MeOH. As a result, the free -N=C=O groups in Bio-PU resins have reacted with -OH groups on the surface of ramie fibers and improved its thermal properties. Modification of ramie fibers with Bio-PU resins improved the fibers' thermal stability by 15% using Bio-PU-LEtAc for 60 min of impregnation. Keywords: bio-polyurethane resins, impregnation, lignin fractions, ramie fibers, thermal stability
Co-Authors Agus Pratama, Andhika Putra Apip Amrullah Apri Heri Iswanto Apriastini, Marsiti Ashrianis, Devi Nury Asri Peni Wulandari, Asri Peni Bambang Prasetya Budiman, Ismail Danang Sudarwoko Adi Dede Heri Yuli YANTO Deni Zulfiana Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti Dewi Sondari Djarwanto Dyah Ayu Agustiningrum, Dyah Ayu Elviliana, Elviliana Euis HERMIATI Fahriya Puspita Sari Faizatul FALAH Fajriutami, Triyani Gutari, Sesmi H Hadiyanto hamzah, fajar nur Haniif Prasetiawan Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul I Nyoman Jaya Wistara Idrus, Syazwani Ina Winarni, Ina Irshad , Shagufta Ismayati, Maya Jung, Young Hoon Khaswar Syamsu Khorshidi, Fatemeh Hassani Kurnia Wiji Prasetiyo Laksana, Raden Permana Budi Listya Mustika Dewi Lubis, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lucky Risanto Manggar Arum Aristri Mawarni, Rista Siti Meliana, Yenny Melville, Lynsey Muhammad Ghozali Muryanto Nafi'ah, Riris Waladatun Nafisyah, Ayu Lana Nanang Masruchin Narto Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Nurhani Aryana, Nurhani Nurindah Obie Farobie Ogino, Chiaki Pari, Rohmah Pizzi, Antonio Pratomo, Bagas Ikhasan Rahman, Delicia Yunita Rahmanto, Raden Gunawan Hadi Ramadhan, Kharisma Panji Ratih Damayanti Riksfardini Annisa ERMAWAR Rohma, Novita Ainur Rusumayanti, Felli S Heris Anita, S Heris Saadatabadi, Ahmad Ramazani Sabrina Sunyoto, Nimas Mayang Septiyanti, Melati Setyawan, Hendrix Yulis Shahnaz Sita Heris Anita Sofianto, Imran Arra'd Sohail, Asma Sri Suhartini Supriyanto Supriyanto Suryanegara, Lisman Swastika Praharyawan, Swastika Teguh DARMAWAN Triwibowo, Dimas Wahyu DWIANTO Wahyu Hidayat Wasrin Syafii Witta Kartika Restu Yadav, Sumit Manohar Yusup AMIN Zia, Sobia