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Performance of Social Forestry Implementation at UPTD KPH IX Panyabungan Solihin Solihin; Oding Affandi; Delvian Delvian; Rahmawaty Rahmawaty; T. Alief Aththorick
Journal of Environmental and Development Studies Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Environmental and Development Studies
Publisher : TALENTA Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Social forestry (PS) is a form of sustainable forest management within state forest areas where local communities act as the leading actors to improve welfare, ecological balance, and socio-cultural dynamics. Although PS has been promoted to reduce poverty, increase local income, and strengthen forest conservation, many groups still face challenges in management, compliance, and financial sustainability. At the UPTD KPH IX Panyabungan, several social forestry groups have obtained legal approval but continue to struggle with fulfilling regulatory performance indicators, particularly in business development, area management, and financial contributions to the state (PNBP). This research was conducted in the North Sumatra Forest Management Unit Regional IX Panyabungan, involving four active social forestry groups (KPS): KTH Permata Belantara and KPS Sampean Jaya (HKm), KPS Globe Mangrove Indah (HD), and KPS Koperasi Rizki Jaya (HTR), selected from a total of seven groups at the site. This study aims to analyze the performance of KPS as PS approval recipients. The research employed a qualitative approach using field observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, with evaluation criteria and indicators based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry No. 9/2021. The novelty of this study lies in evaluating both the economic impacts and compliance performance of KPS after PS approval, while most previous studies mainly emphasized ecological or participation aspects. The results show that KPS fulfilled institutional indicators and generated additional income: KTH Permata Belantara (Rp. 31.9 million/year), KPS Sampean Jaya (Rp. 17.75 million/year), and KPS Gubeg Mulyoharjo Indah (Rp. 36.96 million/year). They also received capital support and planted 18,293 trees over three years. However, optimization is still needed in area management, business development, and non-tax state revenue (PNBP) payments. Thus, stronger institutional support, capacity building, and monitoring are required to ensure that PS not only meets administrative targets but also delivers measurable improvements in community welfare and forest sustainability.
OPTIMIZING WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR THE PRESERVATION OF SIBOLANGIT NATURE PARK IN NORTH SUMATERA Febri Yoanita Harahap; Delvian, Isnen Fitri
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS Vol. 1 No. 10 (2025): INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL ECONOMICS (IJEFE)
Publisher : CV. Adiba Aisha Amira

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Nature Tourism Park (TWA) is a conservation area that is formed and aims to be used as a location for tourism, education, research and cultural preservation. By looking at the completeness of the facilities and the potential of the flora and fauna in Sibolangit TWA, it should have the potential to be visited by more tourists. Moreover, its location is only 38 km from Medan City or one hour by road using a motorized vehicle, the place is on the edge of the Medan - Berastagi crossing road. The decline in visitors over the past 2 years has had an impact on the low income received by TWA Sibolangit, which is also one of the sources of PNBP (Non-Tax State Revenue). This study was conducted to answer several research questions, including: 1) What are the factors that affect WTP in Sibolangit TWA? Logistic regression analysis was used and 2) How much is the WTP value by visitors to Sibolangit TWA? Using CVM and average WTP. The target of the questionnaire is teenage visitors (12-25 years old). From the results of the study it is known that the significance value of each variable is smaller than 5 percent of only three variables, namely the variable gender, level of knowledge, and visitor perceptions of service. And based on the above calculations, the average WTP value of respondents is idr. 7,875. Rounded up to idr. 8,000,-
Food Estate Jamson H Tampubolon; Delvian Delvian; Abdul Rauf
Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024 (Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia)
Publisher : Departmen of Agribusiness, Economics and Management Faculty, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jai.2024.12.2.246-258

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ABSTRACT Food functions as a pillar of national development and plays a role in maintaining a country’s economic, social and political stability of a country, all of which must be fulfilled by the state. Many countries are facing global food problems, leading to significant increases in commodity prices. The Indonesian government launched a National Food Storage Development Strategy to overcome the food crisis. The "Food estate" program aims to ensure that high-quality food is available, accessible and consumed by the public, and to increase domestic production. In North Sumatra, efforts to increase food security through the food estate program are considered the right solution. 215 hectares of land was converted into a horticultural area in Humbang HasundutanRegency. Horticultural crops developed in the HumbangHasundutan Regency food estate include potatoes, shallots, garlic and tomatoes. This research aim is to analyze the income from farming horticultural crops in the HumbangHasundutan food estate. This research data analysis uses farming income analysis. The analysis results show that the largest total income (Income) from farming is the potato plant, amounting to Rp. 371,184,000,-. The conclusion of this research is that of the 4 commodities, only 1 commodity made a profit, while the income of the other three commodities received a minus income value. Keywords: economy, food estate, farming, income, horticulture ABSTRAK ​Pangan berfungsi sebagai pilar pembangunan nasionaldan berperan dalam menjaga stabilitas ekonomi, sosial, dan politik suatu negara, yang semuanya harus dipenuhi oleh negara. Banyak negara menghadapi masalah pangan global, yang menyebabkan kenaikan harga komoditas yang signifikan. Pemerintah Indonesia meluncurkan StrategiPembangunan Lumbung Pangan Nasional untuk mengatasikrisis pangan. Program "Food estate" bertujuan untuk memastikan bahwa makanan berkualitas tinggi tersedia, dapatdiakses, dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat, serta untuk meningkatkan produksi dalam negeri. Di Sumatera Utara, upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan melaluiprogram food estate dianggap sebagai solusi yang tepat. lahanseluas 215 hektar diubah menjadi area hortikultura di Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan. Tanaman hortikultura yang dikembangkan di food estate Kabupaten HumbangHasundutan meliputi kentang, bawang merah, bawang putih, dan tomat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisispendapatan usahatani tanaman hortikultura di food estate Humbang Hasundutan. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan analisis pendapatan usaha tani. Hasil analasismenunjukkan bahwa menunjukkan bahwa total pendapatan(Income) usahatani yang paling besar adalah tanamankentang sebesar Rp. 371.184.000,-. Kesimpulan daripenelitian ini adalah bahwa dari 4 komoditi hanya 1 komoditiyang untung sedangkan pendapatan tiga komoditas lainnyamemperoleh nilai pendapatan yang minus. Kata Kunci: ekonomi, food estate, hortikultura, pendapatan, petani.
Potential of phosphate solubilizing fungi isolated from peat soils as inoculant biofertilizer Deni Elfiati; Delvian DELVIAN; Hamidah Hanum; Arida Susilowati; Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 6 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220605

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Abstract. Elfiati D, Delvian, Hanum H, Susilowati A, Rachmat HH. 2021. Potential of phosphate solubilizing fungi isolated from peat soils as inoculant biofertilizer. Biodiversitas 22: 3042-3048. Phosphate-solubilizing fungi are the microbes that have the ability to dissolve insoluble phosphate and made it available for plants. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to obtain the phosphate-solubilizing fungi from peat soils. Peat soil samples were taken in a composite at a depth 0-20 cm from the peat ecosystem in Nagasaribu Village, Lintong Nihuta Sub-district, Humbang Hasundutan District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Soil samples were isolated to obtain phosphate-solubilizing fungi using the Pikovskaya selective medium. The obtained isolates were tested for their ability to dissolve phosphate qualitatively by calculating the dissolution index values and quantitatively by calculating the available phosphorus on Pikovskaya medium by using four phosphate sources, namely Ca3(PO4)2, AlPO4, FePO4, and phosphate rock. Total of 12 isolates of phosphate-solubilizing fungi was obtained during the present study. Based on the results of qualitative and quantitative testing, all 12 isolates have the ability to release phosphate from the four tasted phosphate sources. The qualitative test obtains dissolution index values that vary from 2.55 to 4.25, while quantitatively, the isolates were able to dissolve phosphate in the value range from 17.77 ppm to 69.86 ppm. The top five fungal isolates with highest phosphate-solubilizing potential were FG5, FG8, FG9, FG11, and FG12. Based on molecular identification, these five isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger.
The undergrowth composition and distribution in different forest area utilization SIMON H. SIDABUKKE; Ternala Alexander Barus; Budi Utomo; Delvian Delvian
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221203

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Abstract. Sidabukke SH, Barus TA, Utomo B, Delvian. 2021. The undergrowth composition and distribution in different forest area utilization. Biodiversitas 22: 5255-5261. Forests provide natural raw materials to support various human activities and also demonstrate a wide range of biodiversity, both in terms of wildlife and plants. Based on biological resources, undergrowth species form a significant portion of the forest ecosystems and have overgrown the typical wooden plants. These ground cover/undergrowth groups are known to exhibit diverse complexities and a type of basic vegetation existing under the forest stands. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the composition and distribution of undergrowth species in each forest area designation, including industrial, protected and natural forests. The plot technique was employed, with an area of 2 m x 2 m. This involves a total of 480, 224 and 96 plots in the industrial plantations, protected and natural forest areas, respectively. Also, the entire plants in the measuring plot were recorded, starting from the sprouts up to 1.5 m high. Subsequently, the important value index (IVI) and Morisita index methods were applied in the data analysis. The results showed the occurrence of 98, 57 and 33 undergrowth species in industrial, protected as well as in natural forests, correspondingly. Based on the important value index calculations, Sintrong species (Crassocephalum crepidioides) reported the maximum IVI (31.587%) in industrial forest plantations, alongside Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum) and Paku Wangi (Phymatosorus scolependria) in the protected areas (29.951%) and natural forests (29.551%), respectively. Furthermore, the Morisita index indicated that the undergrowth distribution pattern for the three areas was clustered, uniform and random, but with varying percentages. However, only two distribution patterns, including random and clustered were peculiar to the natural forests.
Short Communication: Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Casuarina equisetifolia in saline sandy environment, North Sumatra, Indonesia DELVIAN DELVIAN; ADRIAN HARTANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230532

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Abstract. Delvian, Hartanto A. 2022. Short Communication: Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Casuarina equisetifolia in saline sandy environment, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2520-2525. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a mutualistic association with plant roots to cope in the extreme environments including the saline and sandy soils in the coastal areas. In this study, the occurrence of AMF associated with Casuarina equisetifolia that has been planted for coastal rehabilitation located at Cermin Beach, North Sumatra was investigated including its abiotic-biotic interactions from topsoils (0-20 cm) to subsoils (20-80 cm). A total of 10 AM fungal morphotypes were documented with Glomeraceae as the dominant AM fungal taxa (9 morphotypes) and a Glomoid morphotype exists in all soil depths. The number of AMF spores decreased as soil depth increased following other environmental conditions such as pH, soil P availability and soil moisture based on the result of Pearson’s correlation test. The results showed a moderate-to-low level of biodiversity of AMF based on Shannon’s diversity index. The findings revealed the vertical distribution of AMF in a saline environment and supported the planting of C. equisetifolia which successfully recruited the indigenous AMF to form a symbiosis to thrive in the stressful environment.
Autecology of Amorphophallus gigas in Batang Natal Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia RIDAHATI RAMBEY; RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; MOHD NAZIP SURATMAN; ABDUL RAUF; ESTHER SORTA MAULI NABABAN; DELVIAN DELVIAN; T. ALIEF ATHTHORICK; MOHD HASMADI ISMAIL; SECA GENDASECA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 9 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250908

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Abstract. Rambey R, Rahmawaty, Suratman MN, Rauf A, Nababan ESM, Delvian, Aththorick TA, Ismail MH, Gendaseca S. 2024. Autecology of Amorphophallus gigas in Batang Natal Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2887-2900. Amorphophallus gigas Teijsm. & Binn., a member of the Araceae family, is distributed across Sumatra, particularly within the Batang Natal watershed of Mandailing Natal District. This plant population thrives significantly under the forest canopy in high-humidity environments, such as a watershed, despite being exposed to certain challenges. The Batang Natal Watershed, spanning 70.5 km and originating in the Batang Natal Sub-district, is frequently subjected to mining activities. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the autecology of A. gigas in the watershed, focusing on factors such as occurrence, associated plant species, vegetation composition, and soil characteristics. The occurrences of A. gigas were identified through direct interviews with the local community, complemented by field collection of coordinate points in five villages. The vegetation around A. gigas habitats was then analyzed using nested sampling with a plot size of 1 ha. There was no A. gigas in Aek Garingging Village despite the reported presence in 2020, while there were nine individuals in each village of Rao-Rao and Lubuk Bondar Panjang and six and three individuals in Bangkelang and Aek Nangali, respectively. There were 63 tree and 39 understory species recorded around the A. gigas habitat. Lubuk Bondar was dominated by Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. across several strata, with generally low to very low associations. Bangkelang was characterized by Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm. in the pole and tree strata, with similarly low associations. In Rao-Rao, Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner was prominent in the seedling and sapling strata, showing low but consistent associations, and Selaginella willdenowii (Desv.) Baker in the understorey had a high positive association. The dominant species in each site typically had low to very low associations with other species, indicating limited ecological connectivity with A. gigas. The spatial distribution of A. gigas suggested a clumped pattern to ensure A. gigas preservation in the Batang Natal Watershed, it is essential to designate the plant's natural habitat as an in situ conservation area.
Agroforestry-based plant diversity and its implications for ecosystem restoration in Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia MASRIZAL SARAAN; RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; R. HAMDANI HARAHAP; ENDANG HILMI; DELVIAN DELVIAN; ROBERT SIBARANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 12 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261234

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Abstract. Saraan M, Rahmawaty, Harahap RH, Hilmi E, Delvian, Sibarani R. 2025. Agroforestry-based plant diversity and its implications for ecosystem restoration in Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 6367-6377. The Indonesian government promoted conservation partnership schemes in Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) to resolve land-use conflicts while supporting ecosystem restoration and local livelihoods, where communities implement agroforestry that combines native species and Multi-Purpose Tree Species (MPTS). However, empirical evidence on plant diversity and vegetation composition within these systems remains limited. This study analyzes vegetation structure, species composition and plant diversity in conservation partnership areas and assess their contribution to ecosystem recovery, including provides recommendations for sustainable management. Vegetation surveys were conducted on 1-ha plots across three stations representing upper, middle, and lower areas. Species composition, dominance, and diversity were quantified using Importance Value, Shannon–Wiener and Margalef Species Richness Index. The upper area was dominated by native dipterocarps (Dryobalanops aromatica), while lower areas were characterized by cultivated MPTS (Parkia speciosa), reflecting trade-offs between natural regeneration and livelihood-oriented agroforestry practices. Species diversity ranged from moderate to high, with native species concentrated near rehabilitation zones and cultivated species in lower areas, which are intensively managed by communities. Overall, agroforestry within conservation partnership enhances biodiversity, supports ecological recovery, and strengthens livelihoods while offering scalable pathways for integrating restoration and biodiversity enhancement with community-based forest management. Strengthening native-species enrichment is recommended to balance ecological objectives with community needs and guide large-scale restoration policies.
Risk analysis of human-wildlife conflict in Leuser Ecosystem Area, Indonesia IRWANDI IRWANDI; ABDUL RAUF; RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY; DELVIAN DELVIAN; R. HAMDANI HARAHAP; AGUS PURWOKO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270120

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Abstract. Irwandi, Rauf A, Rahmawaty, Delvian, Hamdani, Purwoko A. 2026. Risk analysis of human-wildlife conflict in Leuser Ecosystem Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (1): d270120. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270120. Over the past six years, the Aceh Natural Resources Conservation Agency recorded 542 incidents of human-elephant conflict. In 2023 alone, 13 farmers and residents were attacked by wild tigers and elephants, resulting in injuries and fatalities. Additionally, at least 19 tigers died in Aceh between 2019 and 2022. This study aims to assess the risk of wildlife conflict to community livelihoods in seven villages within the Leuser Ecosystem Area. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection involved the distribution of questionnaires covering 10% of households from the total population. The combined population of the seven surveyed villages is 2,673 households, from which 268 households (10%) were sampled using proportionate random sampling based on population size in each village. In addition to questionnaires, the study also conducted Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). In addition to questionnaires, the study also conducted Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). These were designed to validate survey findings and capture deeper community perspectives on risk perception, conflict experiences, and local coping strategies. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, consisting of three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The study found that the perceived risk of wildlife conflict to livelihoods was generally low. However, some villages reported a medium level of risk. Most villages exhibited moderate vulnerability, with significant variation across dimensions of human, social, economic, physical, and environmental vulnerability. From a risk assessment perspective, the combination of low vulnerability and low threat levels contributes to a low overall risk of wildlife conflict for local government.
Similarity Analysis of Understorey Plant Species in Forest Areas Simon Sidabukke; Ternala Alexander Barus; Budi Utomo; Delvian; Fathiatul Rizkia Aulin
Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Vol. 5 No. 02 (2022): Journal of Sylva Indonesiana
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (746.991 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/jsi.v5i02.7375

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Many forests have substantial understorey plants. These plants have an important contribution to soil and water conservation. The similarity index determines the resemblance of species structure and composition in a community. This research is aimed to see the impact and relationship of changes in the allocation of forest areas to the similarity of understorey species. The research was conducted using the line plot sampling method, sized 2 m x 2 m, with the understorey plants observed have been measured from germination to young plant (height 1.5 m). The number of plots in the plantation forest is 480 plots, protected areas 224 plots, and natural forest 96 plots. Determination of the number of understorey plots based on the minimum representative area curve. A Similarity Index was performed to analyze the data.  The results indicated that there is an impact of changes in the forest area on the similarity of understorey species. It is known from the low similarity index value at the research location. It is due to the differences in environmental factors at the two locations such as air humidity, air temperature, the intensity of sunlight, and different patterns of forest area management.
Co-Authors . Elvitriana . Rosmayati . Zulfan Abda Abda ABDUL RAUF ABDUL RAUF ABDUL RAUF Abdul Rauf ADRIAN HARTANTO Agree Hutami Sinaga AGUS PURWOKO Agustrisno, Agustrisno Alan Syahputra Simamora Alief Aththorick Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar Annie N Hutagalung Ariasta Bereona Tarigan Ariasta Bereona Tarigan Arida Susilowati Arida Susilowati Iswanto Arrasyid, Nurfida Khairina Aulia, Dwira Nirfalini Aznawi, Andi Aznan Bejo Slamet Budi Utomo BUDI UTOMO Budi Utomo Ceriati Magdalena Simanjuntak D Elfiati D Elfiati, D Dendi Parasian Pane Deni Elfiati Deni Elfiati Deni Elfiati Deni Elfiati Diana Sofia Hanafiah Dianingrum, Tengku Edy Batara Mulya Siregar Elfiati, D. - Elfiati, Deni Elfiati ENDANG HILMI Erman Munir ESTHER SORTA MAULI NABABAN etti sartina siregar Fadhilah, Amanatul Fahriza Zuhri Fathiatul Rizkia Aulin Febri Yoanita Harahap Febri Yoanita Harahap Fikarwin Zuska Gita Nasrani Sembiring Hamdani Harahap Hamidah Hanum Helmud Putra Anas Hutasoit Heni Pujiastuti Henti Hendalastuti Rachmat Herna Sianipar Hesti Wahyuningsih Ichwana Ichwana Indirawati, Sri Malem Ipanna Enggar Susetya, Ipanna Enggar IRWANDI IRWANDI Isnen Fitri Jamson H Tampubolon Jeskiel Sipayung Jumilawaty, Erni Jumilawaty Juneith O S Nadeak Kansih Sri Hartini Kiking Ritarwan Lusi Astri Simamora M. Basyuni Manurung, Cristo Mori Romario Masitta Tanjung MASRIZAL SARAAN Ma’ruf Tafsin Mohammad Basyuni MOHD HASMADI ISMAIL Mohd Hasmadi Ismail MOHD NAZIP SURATMAN Mona Fhitri Srena Mubaraq, Alfian Mubaraq Muhammad Iko Pratama Mukhlis Nauly, Meutia Nauly Nelly Anna Netti Herlina Nini Rahmawati Nini Rahmawati Nius Abdi Ginting Oding Affandi Oding affandi Pulungan, Afran Rouzani Puput Sarah Purnama Sari Sagala R. HAMDANI HARAHAP R. Hamdani Harahap R. Hamdani Harahap Rahmawaty Rahmawaty RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY Rahmawaty, Rahmawaty Rangkuti, Ahmad Baiquni Rauf Rauf Reza Dimas Putra Ria Pertiwi Sianturi RIDAHATI RAMBEY Ridwanti Batubara Risnasari, Iwan Risnasari ROBERT SIBARANI Ronald Pandapotan Marpaung Sahat A. Sihombing SECA GENDASECA Shanti Desima Simbolon Siahaan, Indri Marita Siahaan, Nelson Manumpak Sidabukke , Simon Sihotang, Krisda Fadila SIMON H. SIDABUKKE Simon Sidabukke Sinuraya, Sofyanurrazaq Sivaipram, Itchika Sivaipram Slamet, Bejo Slamet Solihin Solihin Sumono Sumono Suryanti Saragih Susilowati, Arida Susilowati T Alief Aththorick T. ALIEF ATHTHORICK T. Alief Aththorick Ternala Alexander Barus Ternala Alexander Barus Ternala Alexander Barus Usnawiyah Usnawiyah, Usnawiyah Wahyu Fahreza Wika Astuti Sagala Zulfansyah, Ichfan Zulfredi Zulfredi Zulkifli Nasution Zumar Halim Rambe