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Var Gene Encoding Duffy-Binding Like (DBL) 1α- Plasmodium Falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) as Diagnostic Marker and Clinical Predictor Candidates for Falciparum Malaria Dewi, Rosita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Aprilia, Annisa Nadya; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Sillehu, Sahrir
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n4.2396

Abstract

Background: The pathogenesis of severe malaria involves the antigenic protein Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the var gene. One of the important domains in PfEMP1 is Duffy Binding Like 1α (DBL1α). To diagnose malaria, microscopic examination has low sensitivity and specificity, therefore, the development of molecular-based methods is needed. This study aimed to determine the potential of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker and clinical predictor for falciparum malaria.Methods: An exploratory descriptive study was conducted in 2019 on malaria patients at the Tiakur public health center, Southwest Maluku, Indonesia. Blood samples of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were collected on filter paper for DNA isolation. Amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method used primers αAF [5'-GCA CG(A/C) AGT TTT GC-3'] and αBR [5'-GCC CAT TC(G/C) TCG AAC CA-3'] with cycles of denaturation 95oC 1-minute, annealing 42oC 1-minute, elongation 60oC 1-minute. PCR products were electrophoresed using 1% agarose gel. Amplicons were sequenced directly and analyzed using nucleotide BLAST-NCBI. Results: All patients showed mild malaria symptoms. PCR amplification yielded bands of 370 bp in all samples and 600 bp in 8 out of 10 samples, and 1 sample had a different pattern. Sequencing results confirmed that the amplicon was DBL1α, a var gene that had similarities to sequences from other regions.Conclusion: Positive amplification and sequencing results confirm the sensitivity of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker. The sequence variability of PCR product implies the presence of DBL1α variations, indicating a correlation with clinical outcomes and making it a clinical predictor.
Hubungan Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) dengan Angka Kejadian Tuberculosis (TB) pada Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Rambipuji Ayundasari, Asti; Hermansyah, Bagus; Nurmaida, Eny; Utami, Wiwien Sugih; Armiyanti, Yunita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v13i2.2386

Abstract

Infection is one of the factors associated with stunting. The relationship between stunting and infection can have reciprocal effects. Stunting can increase the risk of infection. Conversely, infections such as Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) can also increase the risk of stunting. Objective: To analyzed the correlation between STH infection and the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in stunting toddlers. Methods: The subjects of this study were 108 stunting toddlers obtained from a simple random sampling method. It was conducted from May 2023 to March 2024 in several villages within the Rambipuji District of Jember Regency, including Gugut, Rambigundam, Pecoro, and Kaliwining. The statistical analysis used in this study was the contingency coefficient test. Results: Findings revealed that the occurrence of STH infection with TB in stunting toddlers was 0%. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant relationship between STH infection and the incidence of TB in stunting toddlers in the Rambipuji District, Jember Regency.Keywords: soil-transmitted helminths, tuberculosis, stunting
Evaluation of Kidney Proximal Tubule Following Immunization with Plasmodium falciparum CIDR1α-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein in Rats Dewi, Rosita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Rachmania, Sheilla; Rahma, Nafisah Hani Asyifah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3801

Abstract

Malaria vaccines are continuously explored as an approach to eradicate malaria. The cysteine-rich interdomain region 1α-Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (CIDR1α-PfEMP1) is an antigenic protein that can bind to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and CD36, resulting in microvascular obstruction. The PfEMP1-induced antibody can induce antibodies, reducing the severity of malaria risk by impeding cytoadherence and destructing rosette formation. Preclinical safety testing is an important step of vaccine development, including safety testing of the kidney as the main excretory organ. The proximal tubule has the most mitochondria to support its main role in reabsorption and excretion, making it prone to oxidative stress caused by foreign substances. This study aimed to evaluate kidney proximal tubule cells after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology Molecular and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember. Eight rats were injected subcutaneously with 150 µg of the protein and four rats were injected with 0.9%  NaCl on days 0, 21, and 42. The rats were euthanized on day 56. The kidney histopathological slides were stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and the necrotic proximal tubule cells were counted at five (5) visual fields (100 cells/visual fields). The average number of necrotic cells of the control and the treatment groups were 0.125±0.25 and 2.438±2.5972 while the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value of p=0.12,  indicating no significant difference between the control and treatment groups. In conclusion, there is no change in the kidney histopathology based on the proximal tubule necrotic cell count after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats.
The Effect of Food Intake on the Incidence of Malnutrition in Toddlers in the Work Area of the Kertosari Health Center, Banyuwangi Regency Endang Sri Purwanti Wulandari; Erma Sulistyaningsih; Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti
STRADA : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): November
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjik.v9i2.530

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of food intake patterns on malnutrition incidence in toddlers in the working area of Kertosari Health Care. This study used a cross-sectional method with a research population of 30 toddlers. The data were obtained from validated questionnaires and food intake measurements using a 24 hours food recall form. Samples in this study as many as 30 malnourished toddlers and spread in the Kertosari Health Care working area. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques and ordinal logistic regression influence tests. The results of the study showed that energy intake patterns (p = 0.032), protein intake patterns (p = 0.026), fat intake patterns (p = 0.026), carbohydrate intake patterns (p = 0.014), zinc intake patterns (p = 0.043) and calcium intake patterns (p = 0.026) with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers
Risk Factors for Contamination of Pesticide Residues in Women's Breast Milk Farmers in Agricultural Ar-eas Intan Rachmawati; Sri Hernawati; Erma Sulistyaningsih; Aldi Cahya Muhammad
STRADA : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): May
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjik.v10i1.675

Abstract

Pesticides are all chemicals, serve as controls for pests and weeds' growth. This study aimed to identify the pesticide residue contamination in women farmers' breast milk in agricultural areas and analyze the risk factors. Quantitative descriptive research method with cross-sectional approach. A sample of 10 female farmers was selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data on risk factors were obtained by interview using a questionnaire, and pesticide residues in breast milk were measured by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. Spearman rank correlation tests and ordinal logistic regression are used to analyze data. The results showed that all of the respondents' breast milk was contaminated with organochlorine pesticide p'p DDE (> 0.001 mg/kg). Statistical test results prove that nutritional status / BMI with pesticide residue concentration has a significant relationship (p-value = 0.000). In conclusion, excess body mass index is a risk factor for pesticide residue contamination in female farmers in agricultural areas.
Differential Leukocyte Count Responses Post Injection of Duffy-binding-like Domain-2β of PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein in Wistar Rat Zahniar, Zahniar; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Rachmania, Sheilla; Dewi, Rosita; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i1.628

Abstract

Malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum causes a high mortality rate, and vaccination is a valuable approach to control it. One malaria vaccine candidate is Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1), specifically Duffy binding-like 2β (DBL2β) domain (DBL2β-PfEMP1), which has a vital role in severe malaria pathogenesis. The DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein is immunogenic. This study aimed to investigate the immune response of DBL2β-PfEMP1 protein by analyzing the differential leukocyte count. Twenty-three rats were randomly divided into control and five treatment groups. Rats were injected on days 0, 21, and 42 with a physiological solution of 0.9% NaCl, adjuvant, DBL2β-PfEMP1 protein, and each mixture of DBL2β-PfEMP1 protein with doses of 150, 300, and 450 µg/200gBW and adjuvant. Blood was collected on day 56 and prepared for differential leukocyte count examination with a visual microscopic examination by two expert observers. The results showed that DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein and adjuvant increased the eosinophils and neutrophils but decreased monocytes and lymphocytes and did not affect the basophils. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups for eosinophils (between control and DBL groups; Adj and DBL groups; DBL and other groups except DBL150+adj) and monocytes (between control and all doşe groups with adjuvant; DBL and all doşe groups with aduvant), but not for basophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes. In conclusion, the serial injection of DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein showed different responses in each leukocyte cell type. Further analysis by time-series differential leukocyte count examination will be essential to determine the responses of each type of leukocyte to support the research on malaria vaccine development.
Molecular Method Optimization to Identify Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene as a Predictor of Antimalarial Resistance Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Dewi, Rosita; Rachmania, Sheilla; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Kholifaturrohmy, Muhammad Rizqi; Armiyanti, Yunita; Kholifaturrohmah, Sakinatus Sariroh; Andriani, Made Prasanti
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.673-678

Abstract

Several approaches have been designed to control malaria, a disease with high morbidity and mortality, but they face some hurdles. Antimalarial resistance is one of the major challenges for malaria elimination, so the detection of antimalarial resistance is essential. Several molecular markers for antimalarial resistance have been identified, including Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene. This study determined the optimization of molecular techniques to identify the pfmdr1 gene as an antimalarial resistance predictor in Indonesia. The study included patients diagnosed with uncomplicated or severe malaria originating from the health district of Kerom Regency, Papua Province, and Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, East Java Province. Blood samples were collected in the Whatmann filer paper after informed consent. DNA was isolated from dried blood filter paper, and nested PCR was performed using a specific primer, the pfmdr1-A and pfmdr1-B genes. The PCR cycle was optimized based on previous studies. The pfmdr1-A has a similar setting to the earlier study, but the pfmdr1-B had a different optimum setting from the previous study with the annealing temperature of 57oC for nested-1 and 62oC for nested-2. This PCR setting could be used for further examination. The positive results of the amplification indicated the potential for antimalarial resistance in the parasite population. A study on the gene copy number and polymorphism is essential to determine the definitive conclusion on antimalarial resistance.
Optimasi Transformasi Gen CIDR1α-PfEMP1 pada Eschericia coli BL21(DE3) dengan Metode Heat-shock Dewantoro, Dicky; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Dewi, Rosita
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jstundiksha.v12i1.53704

Abstract

Malaria masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Data World Malaria Report 2020, kasus malaria di dunia tahun 2019 mencapai 229 juta kasus dengan total kematian mencapai 409.000 jiwa. Kematian tertinggi terjadi pada pasien usia balita yang mencapai 272.000 jiwa.  Angka kematian akibat malaria berat di dunia sangat tinggi sehingga perlu berbagai pendekatan penanganan termasuk vaksin malaria. Domain Cysteine-rich Interdomain Regions 1α-Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (CIDR1α-PfEMP1) merupakan kandidat vaksin malaria karena berperan penting dalam pathogenesis malaria. Pengembangan vaksin malaria berbasis CIDR1α-PfEMP1 dilakukan melalui teknologi rekombinan DNA dimana tahapan yang sangat penting adalah transformasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengoptimasi kondisi transformasi gen CIDR1α-PfEMP1 pada Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) menggunakan metode heat shock guna mendapatkan efisiensi transformasi tertinggi. Variable yang dianalisis adalah durasi heat shock selama 30, 50, dan 70 detik dan volume plating 100 µL dan 200 µL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan efisiensi transformasi tertinggi sebesar 1,9 x 102 CFU/µg dicapai pada kondisi heat shock selama 50 detik dan volume plating 200 µL. Ini adalah kondisi optimum transfomasi gen CIDR1α-PfEMP1 yang dapat digunakan untuk penelitian lanjutan guna mengembangkan vaksin malaria.
Analysis of Microglia Morphology and Number in Wistar Rats Brain After CIDR1α-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein Injection Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Putri, Izza Amalia; Rachmania, Sheilla
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.38242

Abstract

AbstractOne malaria vaccine candidate is Cysteine-rich Interdomain Region 1α (CIDR1α) of Plasmodium falciparumErythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1), an essential protein involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria. Microglia in the brain act as the first line of defense against brain pathological changes. The study aimed to evaluate the response of brain microglia to the CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein injection by observing microglia morphology and number in rat’s cerebral cortex. 12 Wistar rats were divided into the control group, which was injected with normal saline solution, and the treatment group, which was injected with 150 µg CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein combined with adjuvants. Injection was conducted thrice within three-week intervals (day 1, 21, and 42). Wistar rats were euthanized on day 56, and histological slides were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Examination using a microscope, 400x, and Fiji Image J software showed microglia morphology of ramified and rod cells in both the control and treatment groups. The microglia number in the control group was 93.00 ± 5.77, and the treatment group was 105.75 ± 15.62. Statistical analysis using an independent t-test showed no significant differences between groups (p= 0.15). The result indicated that the injection of CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein did not provoke pathological changes in brain tissue, which induced a microglia response. This study strengthens the potential of the CIDR1α-PfEMP1 recombinant protein as a peptide-based malaria vaccine candidate.AbstrakSalah satu kandidat vaksin malaria adalah Cysteine-rich Interdomain Region 1α (CIDR1α) dari Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1), protein penting dalam patogenesis malaria serebral. Mikroglia di otak berperan sebagai pertahanan lini pertama terhadap perubahan di otak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi respon mikroglia otak terhadap pemberian protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 dengan mengamati morfologi dan jumlah mikrolia pada korteks serebri otak tikus. 12 tikus Wistar dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol yang diinjeksi normal saline dan  kelompok perlakuan diinjeksi 150 µg protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 yang dikombinasikan dengan adjuvant. Injeksi dilakukan tiga kali dengan interval tiga minggu (hari 1, 21, dan 42). Tikus dieuthanasia pada hari ke-56 dan preparat histologi otak disiapkan dengan pengecatan Hematoxyline-Eosin. Pengamatan menggunakan mikroskop 400x dan Fiji Image J software menunjukkan morfologi ramified dan rod cell pada kelompok kontrol maupun perlakuan. Jumlah mikroglia pada kelompok kontrol 93,00 ± 5,7 sedangkan kelompok perlakuan 105,75 ± 15,62). Analisis statistik menggunakan independent-t test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara 2 kelompok (p= 0,15). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemberian protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 tidak menimbulkan patologi pada jaringan otak yang memicu respon mikroglia. Hal ini menguatkan potensi protein rekombinan CIDR1α-PfEMP1 sebagai kandidat vaksin malaria berbasis peptida.
The Relationship between Sanitation and Personal Hygiene with Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women at Kaliwates and Banjarsengon Community Health Centers Nabila Putri Anissa; Yunita Armiyanti; Eny Nurmaida; Bagus Hermansyah; Erma Sulistyaningsih; Wiwien Sugih Utami
Journal of Agromedicine and Medical Sciences Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease in animals that can be transmitted to humans. Sanitation and personal hygiene are risk factors for toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis can be transmitted from pregnant women to their fetuses. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy can cause pregnancy, premature birth, and congenital toxoplasmosis. According to the Jember District Health Office in 2023, access to proper sanitation and good hygienic behavior is still low. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between sanitation and individual hygiene with toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in pregnant women at the Kaliwates and Banjarsengon Health Centers. This study used a crosssectional study type. The subjects of the study were 65 pregnant women at the Kaliwates and Banjarsengon Health Centers who were taken using the accidental sampling technique. The serological examination used the Toxoplasma IgM and IgG ELISA kit from Calbiotech®. The results of this study showed that 77% of pregnantwomen were detected positive for toxoplasmosis. The majority of pregnant women have good sanitation and personal hygiene categories of 87.7% and 90.8%, respectively. Based on the results of Fisher's exact test, sanitation and personal hygiene are not related to toxoplasmosis seroprevalence (p>0.05). This study concludes that sanitation and personal hygiene of pregnant women at the Kaliwates and Banjarsengon Health Centers are not significantly related to toxoplasmosis seroprevalence.  
Co-Authors Agustina Tri Endharti Al Munawir Alami, Eqiel Navadz Akthar Aldi Cahya Muhammad Alfi Kamalia Aliyatul Farida Anas Bakhtiar Diyansah Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti Andriani, Made Prasanti Aprilia, Annisa Nadya Ardyansyah, Rizky Robeth Arifin, Mochammad Samsul Ayundasari, Asti Aziz, Ayu Munawaroh Bagus Hermansyah Burhan, Niniek Cholis Abrori, Cholis Cicih Komariah Denaneer Rahmadatu Devita Prima Nurmasari Dewantoro, Dicky Didi Candradikusuma Didi Candradikusuma Dini Agustina Dion Krismashogi Darmawan Dwi Wahyuni Dwita Aryadina Rachmawati Elly Nurus Sakinah, Elly Nurus Endang Sri Purwanti Wulandari Eny Nurmaida Erfan Efendi Eva Sulawati Arum Fathul Hidayatul Hasanah, Fathul Hidayatul Febrina Sylva Fridayanti, Febrina Sylva Firdha Novitasari Fitri Dika Maharani FX Ady Soesetijo, FX Ady Ghani Silahudin Hadi Prayitno Heni Fatmawati Hidayat Sujuti I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti I Ketut Suada Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti Ika Rahmawati Sutejo Intan Rachmawati Irawan Fajar Kusuma Istinaroh, Nurul Iza Billa Fahmi Jarot Subandono Jarot Subandono Jauhar Firdaus Josef Sem Berth Tuda Kahfi Karunia Ilahi Kholifaturrohmah, Sakinatus Sariroh Kholifaturrohmy, Muhammad Rizqi Laeli Kurniasari Laili, Elisa Fadia Laily Rahmawati Loeki Enggar Fitri Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Muhammad Hasan Nabila Putri Anissa Ngurah Agung Reza Satria Nugraha Putra Nicole Berens-Riha Nicole Berens-Riha, Nicole Niniek Burhan Nur Aqmarina Kusumawardani Nurmaida, Eny Parawita Dewanti Pralampita, Pulong Wijang Pungky Setya Arini Putri, Izza Amalia Rahma, Nafisah Hani Asyifah Rina Fitriana Rina Fitriana Ristya Widi Endah Yani Rosita Dewi Salim Salim Samsul Arifin Sari, Leny Yulia Widia Sa’diyah, Nindya Audatus Setyoadji, Winnie Almira Sheilla Rachmania, Sheilla Sillehu, Sahrir Silvi Ahmada Chasya Sinta Ariyani Sri Hernawati Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Thomas Loescher Thomas Loescher, Thomas Tri Agus Siswoyo Tristira Urvina Tuda, Josef Sem Berth Umar Zein Warda Ayu Nadira Wayan T. Artama Wayan T. Artama Widhi Dyah Sawitri Wiji Utami Wiwien Sugih Utami Wulandari, Lindi Priyantika Tri Yunita Armiyanti Zahniar, Zahniar