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Efek Antiaterogenik Ekstrak Pakis Sayur (Diplazium esculentum) melalui Penghambatan Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 pada Tikus Model Aterogenik Tristira Urvina; Erma Sulistyaningsih; Ika Rahmawati Sutejo
Malahayati Nursing Journal Vol 4, No 10 (2022): Volume 4 Nomor 10 2022
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mnj.v4i10.7722

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ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis is one cause of death. The thickening of the arterial walls which form atherosclerotic plaque can cause a blockage of the artery lumen and lead to thrombosis and blood flow. VCAM-1 activation causes increased adhesion of monocytes to endothelial walls and foam cell formation which is the key to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Diplazium esculentum contains antioxidants and is able to inhibit the activation of VCAM-1. This study aimed to determine the effect of vegetable fern extract on the expression of VCAM-1 as an anti-atherogenic effect and the effective dose required. Experimental studies using randomized post test only control group design. Samples were grouped into 7 groups, namely K, KN, P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. All group except K induced by atherogenic diet ang followed by the granting of vegetable fern extracts of 300 mg/kgBW in P1 groups, 600 mg/kgBW in P2 groups, 900 mg/kgBW in P3 groups, 1200 mg/kgBW in P4 groups, and 1500 mg/kgBW in P5 groups. The results showed a correlation between the dose of the extract given by the expression of VCAM-1, the greater the dose given VCAM-1 will be further hampered. The effective dose in rats was 2707, 19 mg/kg, this dose is equivalent to 4 kg of fresh vegetables fern in humans. Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Vegetable Fern Extract, VCAM-1  ABSTRAK Aterosklerosis merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian. Penebalan dinding arteri yang membentuk plak aterosklerosis dapat menyebabkan penyumbatan lumen arteri dan mengakibatkan trombosis dan gangguan aliran darah. Aktivasi VCAM-1 menyebabkan peningkatan perlekatan monosit pada dinding endotel dan pembentukan foam cell yang merupakan kunci terjadinya aterogenesis. Diplazium esculentum mengandung senyawa aktif yang bersifat antioksidan dan mampu menghambat aktivasi VCAM-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak pakis sayur terhadap ekspresi VCAM-1 sebagai efek antiaterogenik dan dosis efektif yang diperlukan. Studi eksperimental menggunakan randomized post test only control group design. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi 7 kelompok, yaitu K, KN, P1, P2, P3,P4, dan P5. Tiap kelompok diinduksi diet aterogenik dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak pakis sayur sebesar 300 mg/kgBB, 600 mg/kgBB, 900 mg/kgBB, 1200 mg/kgBB, dan 1500 mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara dosis ekstrak yang diberikan dengan ekspresi VCAM-1, semakin besar dosis yang diberikan ekspresi VCAM-1 akan semakin terhambat. Dosis efektif pada tikus adalah 2707, 19 mg/kgBB, dosis ini setara dengan 4 kg pakis sayur segar pada manusia. Kata Kunci: Aterosklerosis, Ekstrak Pakis Sayur, VCAM-1
Sensitivity and Specificity of Nested PCR for Diagnosing Malaria: Cases in Several Areas of Indonesia Samsul Arifin; Loeki Enggar Fitri; Hidayat Sujuti; Bagus Hermansyah; Agustina Tri Endharti; Niniek Burhan; Didi Candradikusuma; Erma Sulistyaningsih; Josef Sem Berth Tuda; Umar Zein
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.02.11

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Indonesia is still included in high endemic area of malaria infection. Early detection as well as appropriate and quick treatment is needed to be able to prevent and treat malaria in Indonesia. Laboratory examination using a microscopic method is still used as the gold standard to diagnose malaria cases. However, the morphology similarity of some Plasmodium species and the number of parasites that can be seen under microscopy causes malaria diagnosis become difficult if only relying on microscopy diagnostic method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of nested PCR compared to microscopic examination in diagnosing malaria cases. A cross-sectional study has been carried out in some areas of Indonesia and the microscopic analysis as well as nest PCR was done in Laboratory of Parasitology and Laboratory of Central Biomedical Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang East Java Indonesia. A total of 149 blood samples from patients with clinical symptoms of malaria had been obtained from Sumatra, Sulawesi and East Java during December 2011 to December 2013. From 149 sample, 81.9% samples were diagnosed malaria positive by microscopy examination, whereas the PCR results showed that 90.6% of samples were positive. Nested PCR sensitivity is 97.5%, and microscopy 88.2%. Nested PCR specificity is 40.7%, whereas microscopy 78.5%. PPV and NPV for nested PCR are 88,2% and 78.5% respectively, and for microscopy are 97.5% and 40.7% respectively. Nested PCR has a higher sensitivity than microscopy in diagnosing malaria and is able to detect mixed infection better than microscopic examination. However, it is statistically less specific than microscopy examination.
Correlation of Intestinal Protozoa Infection with the Nutritional Status of Toddlers Aged 12–59 Months in Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia Ardyansyah, Rizky Robeth; Armiyanti, Yunita; Astuti, Ida Srisurani Wiji; Hermansyah, Bagus; Utami, Wiwien Sugih; Sulistyaningsih, Erma
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n2.3191

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Background: Intestinal protozoan infection is a problem faced by the global community at all ages. In toddlers, it can cause problems in the form of decreased nutritional status, which is often found in developing countries such as Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between intestinal protozoa infection and the nutritional status of toddlers.Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted in October–December 2022 on 45 children aged 12–59 months in Sucopangepok Village, Jelbuk District, Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia using, consecutive sampling techniques and a total sample size. Nutritional Status was measured based on body weight to body length using the WHO Anthropometric Calculator. Stool examination used the direct smear method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Data was analyzed using the Cramer's V test. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.. Results: The incidence of wasted children was 15.6% and severely wasted was 2.2%. Intestinal protozoan infection had an incidence of 15.6%. The species detected were Giardia lamblia (6.7%), Cryptosporidium parvum (6.7%), and Blastocystis hominis (2.2%). Statistical analysis showed there was no correlation between intestinal protozoan infection and nutritional status (p= 0.441; r = 0.191).Conclusions: There is no correlation between intestinal protozoan infection and the nutritional status of toddlers. However, comprehensive collaboration between the government and the community needs to be improved, as well as healthy lifestyles for toddlers which also need to be encouraged to overcome nutritional problems in children under five  old and prevent intestinal protozoa infections.
Optimized Expression Condition of CIDRα-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein Production in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3): A Step to Develop Malaria Vaccine Candidate Setyoadji, Winnie Almira; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar
Research Journal of Life Science Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rjls.2021.008.01.3

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Malaria is still an essential epidemiological disease worldwide, including in Indonesia. Several approaches are performed to control the disease, as well as vaccine development. The Cysteine-rich interdomain region α of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (CIDRα-PfEMP1) is a pivotal domain in the malaria pathogenesis make it a malaria vaccine candidate. The development of the malaria vaccine is performed using recombinant technology. Recombinant protein production is an important step. The study aimed to determine the optimized condition for CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expression system. Serial IPTG concentrations from 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mM and two different incubation periods of 4 h and 8 h were optimized. The recombinant protein expression was visualized in SDS-PAGE, measured using the Bradford protein assay, and calculated using software Image J. SDS-PAGE visualization showed a 27 kDa band expressed CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein. The optimized condition for CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein expression was at 0.03 mM IPTG concentration and 8 h incubation period.
Interleukin-6 as an Indicator for Acute Toxicity of DBL2β-PfEMP1 Recombinant protein as a Peptide-based Malaria Vaccine Candidate Sari, Leny Yulia Widia; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Siswoyo, Tri Agus
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 26 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v26i1.48709

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Malaria caused by Plasmodium spp is an important health problem, and vaccination could be essential for disease prevention. One potential protein candidate is the Duffy binding-like 2β (DBL2β)-Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1). The protein is responsible for malaria pathogenesis by mediating binding to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a receptor on the host cells. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of the DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein as a basis for developing a peptide-based malaria vaccine based on body weight and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration. The study used male and female Wistar rats, which were divided into treatment and control groups after two weeks of acclimatization. Rats in the treatment group were injected with 750 µg DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein, and the control group was injected with NaCl 0.9%. Any indications of clinical toxicity symptoms were closely monitored within 4 hours of injection up to 24 hours. Observations were conducted daily for 14 days and included body weight and toxicity symptoms such as rising fur, tremors, salivation, diarrhea, weakness, draping, excitability, twitching, and death. Blood was collected on days 5, 7, and 14 for IL-6 examination using the ELISA method. Rats were euthanized on day 14. Data were analyzed using an ANOVA test. There was no significant weight loss as well as weight gain and toxicity symptoms during 14 days after treatment in all groups. There was an increase IL-6 levels on day 14 in all groups. However, statistical analysis did not show a significant difference between the control and treatment groups (p>0.05). This study showed that the DBL2β-PfEMP1 recombinant protein has no acute toxicity in Wistar rats, implying its safety and potential as a peptide-based malaria vaccine.
The Expression of The PfEMP1-DBL2β Recombinant Protein of Plasmodium falciparum Isolated From Indonesia Hasanah, Fathul Hidayatul; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Sawitri, Widhi Dyah
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 21 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (123.49 KB) | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v21i1.10494

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The binding of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) to Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a major pathological mechanism in severe malaria including cerebral malaria. The binding is mediated by PfEMP1-DBL2β domain. The study aimed to explore there combinant protein of PfEMP1-DBL2β domain of P. falciparum isolated from Indonesia. DNA was isolated from a severe malaria patient. The DBL2β domain was amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primer and cloned into the pJET1 cloning vector. The DBL2β recombinant protein was constructed from DBL2β-pJET1 clone using pET-30a expression vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-DE3. PCR colony and digestion of plasmid clones using restriction enzymes were conducted to confirm cloning result, and the expression of recombinant protein was analyzed using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The expression of DBL2β-PfEMP1 domain is higher in pellet than in supernatant fraction. In conclusion, the DBL2β-PfEMP1 domain recombinant protein of P. falciparum isolated from Indonesia expressed as a ~66 kDa protein in full length. Keywords: DBL2β domain, Indonesia, PfEMP1, Plasmodium falciparum, recombinant protein.
Optimized Purification of CIDRα-PfEMP1 Plasmodium falciparum Recombinant Protein with Affinity Chromatography Alami, Eqiel Navadz Akthar; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Rachmania, Sheilla
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 23 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v23i2.24127

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Interaction of Cysteine-rich Interdomain Region (CIDR)α-Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein (PfEMP1) and Endothelial Cell Receptors especially CD36 on host cells is main malaria pathogenesis, makes this domain as a malaria vaccine candidate. Recently, the development of the malaria vaccine is conducted by recombinant technology, and the purification of the CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein is a pivotal step. This study aimed to determine an optimal condition to purify the CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein by affinity chromatography through imidazole and NaCl concentration. The purified recombinant protein was visualized using SDS-PAGE and its concentration was measured using Image J software and Bradford Assay. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 software, and the Paired T-Test analysis was conducted to compare the concentration of purified recombinant protein from two different methods. The result showed that thetarget band of purified recombinant protein was 27 kDa. The thickest target protein band was observed in purified recombinant protein using 140 mM imidazole and 300 mM NaCl. The recombinant protein concentration using Image J software was 0.025 µg/µL, while the Bradford Assay was 0.56 µg/µL. The Paired T-Test analysis has a significance value of 0.010 (p<0.05), meaning there was a significant difference between the concentration measurement using Image J software and Bradford Assay. In conclusion, the optimized condition to purify the CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein by affinity chromatography was using 140 mM imidazole and 300 mM NaCl. It is suggested to measure the purified CIDRα-PfEMP1 recombinant protein concentration using the Bradford Assay method due to its convenience and sensitivity.
Var Gene Encoding Duffy-Binding Like (DBL) 1α- Plasmodium Falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) as Diagnostic Marker and Clinical Predictor Candidates for Falciparum Malaria Dewi, Rosita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Aprilia, Annisa Nadya; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Sillehu, Sahrir
Althea Medical Journal Vol 11, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v11n4.2396

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Background: The pathogenesis of severe malaria involves the antigenic protein Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1), encoded by the var gene. One of the important domains in PfEMP1 is Duffy Binding Like 1α (DBL1α). To diagnose malaria, microscopic examination has low sensitivity and specificity, therefore, the development of molecular-based methods is needed. This study aimed to determine the potential of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker and clinical predictor for falciparum malaria.Methods: An exploratory descriptive study was conducted in 2019 on malaria patients at the Tiakur public health center, Southwest Maluku, Indonesia. Blood samples of patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum malaria were collected on filter paper for DNA isolation. Amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method used primers αAF [5'-GCA CG(A/C) AGT TTT GC-3'] and αBR [5'-GCC CAT TC(G/C) TCG AAC CA-3'] with cycles of denaturation 95oC 1-minute, annealing 42oC 1-minute, elongation 60oC 1-minute. PCR products were electrophoresed using 1% agarose gel. Amplicons were sequenced directly and analyzed using nucleotide BLAST-NCBI. Results: All patients showed mild malaria symptoms. PCR amplification yielded bands of 370 bp in all samples and 600 bp in 8 out of 10 samples, and 1 sample had a different pattern. Sequencing results confirmed that the amplicon was DBL1α, a var gene that had similarities to sequences from other regions.Conclusion: Positive amplification and sequencing results confirm the sensitivity of DBL1α-PfEMP1 as a diagnostic marker. The sequence variability of PCR product implies the presence of DBL1α variations, indicating a correlation with clinical outcomes and making it a clinical predictor.
Hubungan Infeksi Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) dengan Angka Kejadian Tuberculosis (TB) pada Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Rambipuji Ayundasari, Asti; Hermansyah, Bagus; Nurmaida, Eny; Utami, Wiwien Sugih; Armiyanti, Yunita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v13i2.2386

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Infection is one of the factors associated with stunting. The relationship between stunting and infection can have reciprocal effects. Stunting can increase the risk of infection. Conversely, infections such as Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) can also increase the risk of stunting. Objective: To analyzed the correlation between STH infection and the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in stunting toddlers. Methods: The subjects of this study were 108 stunting toddlers obtained from a simple random sampling method. It was conducted from May 2023 to March 2024 in several villages within the Rambipuji District of Jember Regency, including Gugut, Rambigundam, Pecoro, and Kaliwining. The statistical analysis used in this study was the contingency coefficient test. Results: Findings revealed that the occurrence of STH infection with TB in stunting toddlers was 0%. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant relationship between STH infection and the incidence of TB in stunting toddlers in the Rambipuji District, Jember Regency.Keywords: soil-transmitted helminths, tuberculosis, stunting
Evaluation of Kidney Proximal Tubule Following Immunization with Plasmodium falciparum CIDR1α-PfEMP1 Recombinant Protein in Rats Dewi, Rosita; Sulistyaningsih, Erma; Kusuma, Irawan Fajar; Rachmania, Sheilla; Rahma, Nafisah Hani Asyifah
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 57, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v57.3801

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Malaria vaccines are continuously explored as an approach to eradicate malaria. The cysteine-rich interdomain region 1α-Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (CIDR1α-PfEMP1) is an antigenic protein that can bind to the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and CD36, resulting in microvascular obstruction. The PfEMP1-induced antibody can induce antibodies, reducing the severity of malaria risk by impeding cytoadherence and destructing rosette formation. Preclinical safety testing is an important step of vaccine development, including safety testing of the kidney as the main excretory organ. The proximal tubule has the most mitochondria to support its main role in reabsorption and excretion, making it prone to oxidative stress caused by foreign substances. This study aimed to evaluate kidney proximal tubule cells after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats. This study was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology Molecular and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jember. Eight rats were injected subcutaneously with 150 µg of the protein and four rats were injected with 0.9%  NaCl on days 0, 21, and 42. The rats were euthanized on day 56. The kidney histopathological slides were stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and the necrotic proximal tubule cells were counted at five (5) visual fields (100 cells/visual fields). The average number of necrotic cells of the control and the treatment groups were 0.125±0.25 and 2.438±2.5972 while the Mann-Whitney test showed a significance value of p=0.12,  indicating no significant difference between the control and treatment groups. In conclusion, there is no change in the kidney histopathology based on the proximal tubule necrotic cell count after CIDR1α-PfEMP1 immunization in rats.
Co-Authors Achmad Faza Abdillah Agustina Tri Endharti Al Munawir Alami, Eqiel Navadz Akthar Aldi Cahya Muhammad Alfi Kamalia Aliyatul Farida Anas Bakhtiar Diyansah Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti Aprilia, Annisa Nadya Ardyansyah, Rizky Robeth Arifin, Mochammad Samsul Ayundasari, Asti Aziz, Ayu Munawaroh Bagus Hermansyah Burhan, Niniek Cholis Abrori, Cholis Cicih Komariah Denaneer Rahmadatu Devita Prima Nurmasari Dewantoro, Dicky Didi Candradikusuma Didi Candradikusuma Dini Agustina Dion Krismashogi Darmawan Dwi Wahyuni Dwita Aryadina Rachmawati Elly Nurus Sakinah, Elly Nurus Endang Sri Purwanti Wulandari Eny Nurmaida Erfan Efendi Eva Sulawati Arum Fathul Hidayatul Hasanah, Fathul Hidayatul Febrina Sylva Fridayanti, Febrina Sylva Firdha Novitasari Fitri Dika Maharani FX Ady Soesetijo, FX Ady Ghani Silahudin Hadi Prayitno Heni Fatmawati Hidayat Sujuti I Ketut Suada Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti Ika Rahmawati Sutejo Intan Rachmawati Irawan Fajar Kusuma Iza Billa Fahmi Jarot Subandono Jauhar Firdaus Josef Sem Berth Tuda Kahfi Karunia Ilahi Laeli Kurniasari Laili, Elisa Fadia Laily Rahmawati Loeki Enggar Fitri Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Muhammad Hasan Nabila Putri Anissa Nafisa, Tsabita Ngurah Agung Reza Satria Nugraha Putra Nicole Berens-Riha Nicole Berens-Riha, Nicole Niniek Burhan Nur Aqmarina Kusumawardani Nurmaida, Eny Parawita Dewanti Pralampita, Pulong Wijang Pungky Setya Arini Putri, Izza Amalia Rahma, Nafisah Hani Asyifah Rina Fitriana Rina Fitriana Ristya Widi Endah Yani Rosita Dewi Rosita Dewi Sahrir Sillehu Salim Salim Samsul Arifin Sari, Leny Yulia Widia Setyoadji, Winnie Almira Sheilla Rachmania Sheilla Rachmania, Sheilla Silvi Ahmada Chasya Sinta Ariyani Sri Hernawati Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Thomas Loescher Thomas Loescher, Thomas Tri Agus Siswoyo Tristira Urvina Tuda, Josef Sem Berth Umar Zein Warda Ayu Nadira Wayan T. Artama Wayan T. Artama Widhi Dyah Sawitri Wiji Utami Wiwien Sugih Utami Wulandari, Lindi Priyantika Tri Yunita Armiyanti Zahniar, Zahniar