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Effects of Mineral Oils on Host Selection Behavior of Diaphorina citri Mofit Eko Poerwanto; Y. Andi Trisyono; Siti Subandiyah; Edhi Martono; Paul Holford; George Andrew Charles Beattie
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11873

Abstract

Response of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) on citrus leaves treated with horticultural and agricultural mineral oil (HMO & AMO) was evaluated under laboratory condition in choice and non-choice trials. Combination of HMO and AMO at concentration of 0 up to 2% was applied to citrus leaves. Mineral oil applications significantly reduced the proportion of D. citri stayed on citrus leaves for feeding with the proposed mechanisms: 1) oils covered leaves thus hampered it for releasing volatile compounds, 2) oil film preventing the direct contact of tarsus or palpus to leaf surfaces, and 3) the volatile compounds produced by mineral oils also blended with plant volatiles in the atmosphere and reduced the probability of olfactory receptors capturing the olfactory cues for locating the feeding site. Mineral oils also increased the mortality of D. citri due to the refusion for feeding on the treated citrus leaves. The effect of AMO was more prominent than HMO.
Pengaruh Jenis Mangsa dan Suhu pada Perkembangan Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) dan Peranannya dalam Pengendalian Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Tris Haris Ramadhan; Y. Andi Trisyono; Eddy Mahrub; Arman Wijonarko; Siti Subandiyah; George Andrew Charles Beattie
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (111.486 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11874

Abstract

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is the vector of citrus greening (Huanglongbing) bacterium and the most serious impediment to citrus culture. Classical biological control of this psyllid vector should contribute to suppress their population. This research was conducted to determine the performance of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) when they were fed with D. citri. The larval performance index of M. sexmaculatus on D. citri compared with Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) diet was 1.3.M. sexmaculatus fed with D. citri had lower fitness than those fed with A. craccivora as shown by longer larval stadium, lower adult dry weight, less number of egg produced and lower percentage of egg hatched. M. sexmaculatus grew best at the temperature of 27oC. Employing the exclusion procedure under field condition,M. sexmaculatus could reduce the population of D. citri up to 90%. These findings showed that theM. sexmaculatus could be a potential predator in reducing D. citri, particularly when the more preferred prey A. craccivora was not present.
Susceptibility of The Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin CRY1AC Aye Kyawt Kyawt Ei; Y. Andi Trisyono; Witjaksono Witjaksono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11876

Abstract

The larval susceptibility of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), to a Bacillus thuringiensis protein (Cry1Ac) was evaluated using insect feeding bioassays. The founding population of O. furnacalis was originally collected from the experimental station of UGM at Kalitirto and had been reared in the laboratory for three generations using an artificial diet “InsectaLf”. The tested instars were exposed on diets treated with a series of concentrations of Cry1Ac for one week. The LC50 values on the seventh day after treatment for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instars were 7.79, 21.12, 113.66, and 123.17 ppm, respectively, showing that the higher the instars the lesser the susceptibility to Cry1Ac. When the neonates were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cry1Ac (0.0583, 0.116, and 0.5830 ppm), growth and development of the surviving larvae were inhibited. The fecundity and viability of females produced from treated larvae decreased with increasing the concentrations. These findings indicate that Cry1Ac is toxic to larva of O. furnacalis and has chronic effects to larvae surviving from Cry1Ac ingestion.
Ketertarikan Bactrocera carambolae (Diptera: Tephritidae) pada Berbagai Limbah yang Mengandung Protein Dyah Rini Indriyanti; Edhi Martono; Andi Trisyono; Witjaksono Witjaksono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (94.868 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11893

Abstract

There were ten processed wastes (molase, vinase, sludge, ciu, brem, tofu, milk, cacao, fish, and beer) used in these experiments. The experiments were conducted in two separated arrangements: no choice test and choice test. The no choice test was carried by testing the attractiveness of B. carambolae on each waste was compared with water. Each run consisted of four replication, for each replication consisted of 20 females and 20 males. The choice test was conducted by placing all wastes in a cage at the same time. Each run consisted of 15 replication, for each replication consisted of 100 females dan 100 males. The no choice test results showed that B. carambolae tend to visit waste more than water. The choice test results showed that B. carambolae tend to be more frequent visits to beer and cocoa waste. The content of protein inside the waste seemed to play role in attracting B. carambolae to come with.
Karakter Populasi Wereng Hijau, Nephotettix virescens (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) di Wilayah Endemi dan Non Endemi Penyakit Tungro Padi Supriyadi Supriyadi; Kasumbogo Untung; Andi Trisyono; Triwibowo Yuwono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 10, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12203

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to determine the species composition, distribution pattern and virus transmission properties of N. virescens. Sweep net sampling of the leafhopper and others tungro vectors population were conducted from endemic areas in Central Java, East Java and Bali and also non endemic areas from Central Java and East Java. The species composition and distribution pattern of the leafhopper were studied in seedbeds and early stage of rice crop (30 days after transplanting). Inoculation test using Cisadane seedlings was conducted to determine the efficiency of virus transmission by N. virescens colonies. Four tungro virus vectors were found in all areas, namely N. virescens, N. nigropictus, N. malayanus, and Recilia sp. The domination of N. virescens occurred either in the endemic area or the non endemic areas. However, the domination of N. virescens did not correlate with the occurrence of the disease in the endemic area. The distribution pattern of N. virescens was regular. The number of N. virescens active transmitter in the endemic area was higher than that in the non-endemic areas. In addition, the female of N. virescens was more efficient in transmitting the tungro virus than that of the male.
Bioactivity of A Bacillus Thuringiensis Cry1AC Toxin to Spodoptera litura Y. Andi Trisyono; Serafina T.S. Rahayu; St. Margino
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12214

Abstract

The transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Indonesia has been planted since 2000 for controlling Helicoverpa armigera. Spodoptera litura is another lepidopteran insect that also attacks cotton. The objective of this research was to determine the toxicity of Cry1Ac to S. litura. The acute toxicity was determined using neonates of S. litura exposed to artificial diets treated with series concentrations of Cry1Ac ranging from 0.14 to 625 mg/ml, and larval mortality was recorded at the seventh day after treatment. The chronic toxicity was determined by exposing neonate to artificial diets treated with the sublethal concentrations (LC5 and LC40). The growth and development of treated larvae were compared with those of the control farvae. Cry1Ac was toxic to neonate with LC5 values of 71.9, 18.1, 24.7, and 16.2 mg/ml for S. litura collected from Wonosari, Bantul-l, Bantul-2, and Kopeng, respectively. Cry1Ac was more toxic than formulated B. thuringiensis (LC50 = 724.8 mg/ml). Larvae exposed continuously to artificial diets treated with sublethal concentrations of Cry1Ac (0.61 and 9.77 mg/ml) showed no significant difference on weight and length of each life stages than those of the control larvae. These indicate that the application of the tested sublethal concentrations of Cry I Ac did not affect the growth and development of S. litura. However, increasing concentrations of Cry1Ac (156.25 and 625 mg/ml) significantly reduced the weight of surviving larvae. These findings suggest that application of Cry1Ac to S. litura shows some toxicological effects. The effectiveness of the transgenic cotton in controlling S. litura in field situation will be discussed.
Pengaruh Minyak Atsiri Asal Kulit Jeruk Manis dan Besar terhadap Perkembangan Tungau Panonychus citri (Acarina: Tetranychidae) Mizu lstianto; Kasumbogo Untung; Y. Andi Trisyono; Triwibowo Yuwono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12244

Abstract

P. citri (Acarina: Tetranychidae) is one of the economically important citrus pests in Indonesia. However, the association of this pest with its host is not well understood. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange and pumello fruit peels on the development of P. citri. The research was conducted in the laboratory of IP2TP Tlekung Malang, using a complete random design consisted of six treatments. Fifteen mites were used for each treatment. The treatments were concentrations 10, 20, 40, and 80 ppm of essential oil. Parafin was used as a positive control because it was a diluting solution for the essential oil. The control received no application. The result showed that the main content of essential oil extracted from sweet orange and pumello was limonene. The essential oils prolonged the life cycle and reduced the fecundity of P. citri. The effects of essential oil extracted from pumello were found to be more pronounced than were from sweet orange. These differences might be due to the differences in the composition of the volatile compounds other than limonene.
Pewarisan Sifat Resistensi terhadap Deltametrin pada Plutella xylostella Wahyu Listyaningrum; Y. Andi Trisyono; Aziz Purwantoro
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12284

Abstract

A field population of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Central Java has been reported to become resistant to a pyretroid synthetic deltamethrin. The objective of this research was to study the genetics of resistance in that population. The resistant population wascontinously sprayed with deltamethrin in the laboratory to increase the resistant level. The resistant population used in this study was 51 more resistant to deltamethrin than was the susceptible population. Bioassays using F1 obtaining from the reciprocal mating between the susceptible and resistant parents showed that the resistance to deltamethrin in P. xylostella was inherited recessively and the maternal effects were observed. The degree of dominance (D) was -0.8 when resistant female was mated with the susceptible male and the D value was -0.3 when the susceptible female was mated with the resistant male. Using the monogenic model it was proved that the resistance was controlled by single gen. The implementation of these findings for the development of resistance management program will be discussed.
Seleksi Resistansi Wereng Batang Padi Coklat terhadap Insektisida Fipronil Melhanah Melhanah; Witjaksono Witjaksono; Y. A. Trisyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2002)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12364

Abstract

The rice brown planthoper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal (Homoptera: Delphacidae), is one of  key pests on rice. The use of insecticides unwisely has caused N. lugens to develop resistance. The objective of this research was to determine the potency of N. lugens to develop resistance through laboratory, selections to fipronil, a relatively new insecticide.  A population of N. lugens was collected from rice field in Muntilan, Central Java during the outbreak in 2001. Selections were carried out every generation for four generations against third instars. Selection was started by dipping Cisadane rice seedlings in a solution of fipronil (50 ppm). The concentration was increased every generation, and the concentration used for the last selection (the fourth generation) was 250 ppm. To determine the rate of resistance development, biassays were carried out to estimate LC50 of fipronil against selected and non-selected populations of N. lugens, and their LC50 values were compared to that of the laboratory population. The laboratory population has been in the laboratory for 15 years without any insecticides exposure. The founding population was as susceptible as the laboratory population to fipronil because their LC50 values were similar. Even though the concentration for selections was increased from generation to generation, the survival rate of N. lugens increased steadily. After four generations of selection, the resistance of selected population was 27.3 times than the non-selected population. These findings indicate that N. lugens population has the potency to develop resistance to fipronil in a continuous selection pressure is applied.
Response of A European Corn Borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, Population to Selection with An Ecdysone Agonist, Tebufenozide Y. Andi Trisyono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 6, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (8578.46 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12389

Abstract

Response of a population of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), to selection with an ecdysone agonist, tebufenozide (RH-5992), was investigated. The selection was carried out by exposing newly hatched larvae of O. nubilalis on an artificial diet containing 0.285 ppm tebufenozide for four days. Throughout seven generations of selection, a slight decrease in the larval mortality, an increase in the pupal mortality, and a decrease in the number of offspring produced per female were noticed. After four generations of selection, a shift in susceptibility of the selected O. nubilalis larvae to tebufenozide was not observed. The acute and chronic effects of tebufenozide caused the loss of O. nubilalis population after seven generations of selection.
Co-Authors - Mulyadi - Mulyadi - Muryati - Witjaksono Abdul Aziz Agustina Dwi Wijayanti Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin Ananto Triyogo Araz Meilin Araz Meilin Araz Meilin Arman Wijonarko Arman Wijonarko Arman Wijonarko Aryuwandari, Valentina E. F. Aye Kyawt Kyawt Ei Aziz Purwantoro Azzahra, Zulfa Bambang Sumiarto Bambang Sumiarto Budi Setiadi Daryono DAMAYANTI BUCHORI De Faveri, Stefano Didik Indradewa Donny Satria, R. Gagak Dwi Wijayanti Dwi Wijayanti Dyah Rini Indriyanti Eddy Mahrub Edhi Martono Edhi Martono Edhi Martono Edhi Martono George Andrew Charles Beattie George Andrew Charles Beattie Hanna Kawulur, Hanna Hanna S.I. Kawulur Hanna S.I. Kawulur, Hanna S.I. Harahap, Nafsiyah Agustina Harjanto, Sriyanto Harwanto (Harwanto) Helina, Selvi Hendrayanti, Hadvina Nur Hidayat Soesilohadi I. Indriyati Wibisono Ignatius Julijantono Ika Puji Rahmawati K Untung Kasumbogo Untung Kurnia Pratiwi Melhanah Melhanah Mizu Istianto Mizu lstianto Mofit Eko Poerwanto Muliadi, Ahmad Muliadi, Ahmad Muryati Muryati Nasrullah, Nasrullah Nasrullah, Nasrullah Nemay Anggadewi Ndaong, Nemay Anggadewi Nur Khasanah Palupi Jatuasri Paul Holford Praptana, R. Heru R Heru Praptana R. Gagak Donny Satria R. Gagak Donny Satria R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi Rachmawati, Jeti Sari, Riya Fatma SEDYO HARTONO Serafina T.S. Rahayu Setyaningrum, Ary V. Siwi Indarti Somowiyarjo, Susamto Sri Suharni Siwi SRI SULANDARI St. Margino Subandi Subejo Subiadi Subiadi Subiadi Subiadi Suciati Hadi Wuryaningsih Sudi Pramono . Sumardi . Sumardi Sumardi Sumardiyono, Y. B. Sumardiyono, Y. B. Sumardiyono, Y. B. Suprihanto, Suprihanto Supriyadi Supriyadi Suputa Suputa Suputa Suputa Suryani, Julia Nanda Susamto Somowiyarjo SUWARNO HADISUSANTO T Yuwono Tanjung, Heru Rezki TRIS HARIS RAMADHAN Triwibowo Yuwono Vijaysegaran, Shanmugam Wagiman, Franciscus Xaverius Wahyono - Wahyono Wahyono Wahyu Listyaningrum Widiarta, I Nyoman Witjaksono . Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono Y B Sumardiyono Yosefus F. da-Lopez Yuantomoputro, Arzaq P. Yuni Ratna