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Revisiting Methodology of Qur’anic Interpretation: A Thematic Contextual Approach to the Qur’an Kusroni Kusroni; Mukhammad Zamzami
Mutawatir : Jurnal Keilmuan Tafsir Hadith Vol. 11 No. 1 (2021): JUNI
Publisher : Jurusan Tafsir Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mutawatir.2021.11.1.177-202

Abstract

Abstract: This article is aimed to propose a methodological interpretation of the Qur’an with reference to the thematic method. The concept is derived from combining the contextual approach with the thematic method of Qur’anic interpretation. Here, I argue that the contextual approach is relevant to develop the existing thematic tafsir methods that are vastly adopted, mostly among the works of college students in Indonesian Islamic universities. Besides, the approach becomes important in its ability to come up with fresh researches in the tafsir studies, as well as to address challenges and socio-religious problems in contemporary society. Therefore, this article attempts to elaborate one of the contemporary approaches introduced by Abdullah Saeed, which he called the contextual approach. By adopting this approach, thematic tafsir will be more comprehensive, as the object of analysis is not limited to text, of the Qur’anic verses and its commentaries, but also the socio-historical context of the studied verses. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan kajian metodologis dalam diskursus tafsir al-Qur’an, yaitu metode tematik. Tawaran tersebut berasal dari penggabungan pendekatan kontekstual dengan metode tafsir tematik. Di sini, penulis berpendapat bahwa pendekatan kontekstual sangat relevan untuk mengembangkan metode tafsir tematik yang telah ada dan banyak diadopsi dalam karya-karya akademik di perguruan tinggi keislaman Indonesia. Selain itu, pendekatan ini menjadi penting dalam kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan penelitian-penelitian baru dalam studi tafsir, serta untuk menjawab tantangan dan masalah sosial-keagamaan dalam masyarakat kontemporer. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mencoba mengelaborasi salah satu pendekatan kontemporer yang diperkenalkan oleh Abdullah Saeed, yang disebutnya sebagai pendekatan kontekstual. Dengan mengadopsi pendekatan ini, tafsir tematik akan lebih komprehensif, karena objek analisisnya tidak terbatas pada teks, yaitu ayat-ayat al-Qur’an dan tafsirnya, tetapi juga konteks sosio-historis dari ayat-ayat yang dikaji.
Tarekat and Politics in Indonesia: Contested Authority between Murshids in the Tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah in East Java Mukhammad Zamzami; Fikri Mahzumi; Abd A'la
Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022): December
Publisher : Department of Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy, Faculty of Ushuluddin and Philosophy, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/teosofi.2022.12.2.187-208

Abstract

This article scrutinizes the dynamics between tarekat and politics in contemporary Indonesia in relation to the contested authority between murshids in the Tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsyabandiyah (TQN) in East Java. Using a historical approach, this article analyzes the position, characteristics, and political attitudes of the murshid in Jombang and Surabaya amidst the political currents during the New Order era. This article finds that murshids show adaptation and innovation in responding to challenges in their tarekat hierarchy and political leadership in Indonesia. The political stance of the murshid is considered a rational choice. In East Java, some murshids such as KH. Musta‘in Romli, KH. Adlan Ali, and KH. Usman al-Ishaqi developed different relationships with political organizations. Kiai Musta‘in tried to be adaptive and compromising as he involved in practical politics and joining the ruling party, i.e., Golkar. Kiai Adlan, on the contrary, kept his distance from the ruling regime by joining the Islamic United Development Party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan/PPP). Kiai Usman, on the other side, remained loyal to the tarekat spirit as he refused to be involved in politics. The difference in political attitudes among the members of TQN has been considered a reflection of the political ijtihād of the murshids. Competition for authority, which resulted in conflict and internal divisions in this tarekat, is a logical consequence of political interests when they meet the tarekat and influence its dynamics.
Islam dan Agamaisasi Politik: Studi Analisis Terhadap Peran dan Pergerakan Forum Kiai Muda (FKM) Pamekasan Madura Abd A`la; Ahwan Mukarrom; Mukhammad Zamzami
JRP (Jurnal Review Politik) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): June
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jrp.2018.8.1.%p

Abstract

Artikel ini mengulas sepak terjang organisasi keislaman yang dibentuk elite kiai dan lora di Pamekasan, yakni Forum Kiai Muda (FKM), di mana produksi pemikiran dan gerakan keagamaannya yang Islamis dapat mengorganisir massa secara masif dan mampu membentuk sektarianisme berlapis di Pamekasan Madura. Sebagai gerakan keagamaan Islam, visi FKM adalah mengantisipasi dan menghindarkan wilayah Madura dari segala bentuk deviasi ajaran dan paham kegamaaan. Terdapat empat jenis penyimpangan keagamaan yang menjadi sasaran utama, yakni Shî‘ah, Wahabi, Liberal, dan penistaan agama, yang kemudian disingkat oleh mereka menjadi SYIBILIP. Keempat pemahaman ini adalah musuh besar. Adapun menyebut FKM sebagai ormas keagamaan yang bergerak di wilayah politis merujuk pada peran dan fungsi strategis mereka yang aktif melibatkan diri dalam banyak dinamika politik, baik di level daerah maupun pusat. Di level daerah, peran dan fungsi strategis politik FKM terilustrasi secara jelas dalam kerja sama politik yang mereka bangun bersama elit partai politik di tingkat daerah. Kata Kunci: Forum Kiai Muda (FKM); Islamisme; gerakan. Abstract: This article analyzes the activities of Islamic organizations formed by the elite kiai and lora in Pamekasan, namely the Forum Kiai Muda (FKM) Madura, where the production of Islamic religious thoughts and movements can organize massively and is able to form layered sectarianism in Pamekasan Madura. As an Islamic religious movement, FKM’s vision is to anticipate and avoid the Madura region from all forms of teaching deviations and understanding congregation. There are four types of religious irregularities that are the main targets, namely Shî‘ah, Wahabi, Liberal, and blasphemy, which they later abbreviate as SYIBILIP. These four understandings are great enemies for Islam. The mention of FKM as a religious mass organization that moves in the political area refers to their strategic roles and functions that actively involve themselves in many political dynamics, both at the regional and central levels. At the regional level, FKM’s political strategic roles and functions are clearly illustrated in the political cooperation they have built with political party elites at the regional level. Keywords: Kiai Muda Forum (FKM); Islamism; movement.
THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FOR GOD’S EXISTENCE: Ayatullâh Ja’far Subḥânî’s Criticism of David Hume’s Thoughts Mukhammad Zamzami; Ghorbanali Karimzadeh Gharamaleki; Abdullah Hosseinieskandian; Fikri Mahzumi
ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam Vol 24, No 1 (2023): Islamic Philosophy & Mysticism
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ua.v24i1.20698

Abstract

The design argument is one of the strongest arguments to prove God's existence. It has been analyzed by various thinkers throughout the history in defense of God’s existence. However, some empiricist philosophers who do not believe in God’s existence criticized and questioned this argument. David Hume (1711-1776) is one of those who made a tremendous effort to deny God’s existence. He also criticized the design argument. Hume’s critiques have always been challenged by philosophers and God-believing theologians. This article is made to criticize Hume’s critiques on the design argument from Ayatullâh Subḥânî’s perspective using descriptive-analytical method. Hume’s objection was due to misunderstanding of the argument’s purpose and function. It should be acknowledged that this argument can easily prove God’s essence along with other arguments such as ḥudûth, necessity, and possibility. The design argument pushes us to the supernatural limits. Also, this argument is supported by experimental sciences because every new discovery made in natural sciences provides us with a new sign to prove God.
MENJELAJAHI DIMENSI ESOTERIS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MELALUI MOTIVASI KHIDMAH SANTRI: MENJELAJAHI DIMENSI ESOTERIS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MELALUI MOTIVASI KHIDMAH SANTRI Agus Riwanda; Mukhammad Zamzami; Abdullah Hosseinieskandian
Penamas Vol 36 No 2 (2023): Volume 36, Issue 2, July-December 2023
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31330/penamas.v36i2.652

Abstract

This research investigates the significance of khidmah, or service, in the Islamic boarding school tradition as a means of gaining access to the esoteric components of Islamic education, particularly blessings. The motivation, process, and service orientation of musaidin students (serving students) at the Darullughah Wadda'wah Islamic Boarding School are the topic of this study. This qualitative study included 26 Musaidin students as participants, with data collected through in-depth interviews. The analysis was carried out by reducing, coding, and establishing themes. According to the findings of this study, the importance of loyalty to teachers and conformity with the norms of Islamic boarding schools carried out by Santri Musaidin in order to receive blessings. Santri Musaidin's compliance has an impact on positive behavior change, better living situations, economic well-being, and social acceptance. The experience of Santri Musaidin has transformed Islamic education not only in terms of greater knowledge, but also in terms of moral and spiritual growth.
Dimensions of Maqāṣid Al-Sharī‘ah and Human Rights in the Constitutional Court’s Decision on Marriage Age Difference in Indonesia Purnomo, Agus; Salam, Nor; Zamzami, Mukhammad; Bakar, Abu
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 7, No 3 (2023): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.13283

Abstract

This article analyzes the Constitutional Court's ruling on the difference in marriage age between men and women as contained in Decision Number 22/PUU-XV/2017 and examines whether the decision guarantees the protection of human rights. Methodologically, the study is a normative research using the maqāṣid al-sharī'ah approach and human rights as analytical tools. The data analyzed are Constitutional Court decisions, journal articles, books and various literature related to the discussion. The study concluded that the Constitutional Court's ruling on the age limit for marriage contains aspects of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah in the form of considerations to prevent harm. This is in line with the general rule in Islamic law of avoiding damage (mafsadah) which must take precedence over efforts to achieve benefit. Another aspect of maqāṣid in the Constitutional Court's ruling is that it affirms the protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs), either through the enforcement of qiṣāṣ (retributive justice) or the protection of children or minors. This legal principle can also mean protection from all forms of discrimination and violence, all of which are assessed in the ruling. Viewed from a human rights perspective, the ruling is closely related to the affirmation of discriminatory treatment of women, as the main objective of basic human rights and must be protected. However, this decision also cannot be interpreted as an equality of women with men. Gender differentiation does exist but should not result in harm.  
The Philosophical Problem of Evil in the Intellectual System of Suhrawardī and John Hick Zamzami, Mukhammad; Eskandian, Abdullah Hosseini; Muktafi, Muktafi; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Jurnal Theologia Vol 32, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Islamic Theology and Humanities, UIN Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.8569

Abstract

The debate over the term “evil” is one of the most contentious issues in philosophy, as this term is considered to be antithetical to existence. Suhrawardī al-Maqtūl, a prominent Islamic theosophist, believed that evil did not exist. That which is considered evil or not evil is a suggestion for achieving good, and as such, it is also good. As a result, the term “crime” does not exist. What Suhrawardī said contrasted with John Hick’s view in the article “Theodicy of Soul Cultivation.” Hick concludes that basically evil exists, but only insofar as it is required to develop and evolve the human psyche and spirituality. After comparing the thoughts of these two figures, this article concludes that their partisan defence of God’s existence and His attributes regarding evil is what leads us to their views on the term “evil” and solutions to solve the crime. Suhrawardi and Hick both believe that the existence of evil does not preclude the existence of God because God is absolute. God is not against good or evil. What has considered evil is the judgment of one’s misunderstanding or the requirements for obtaining charity.
THE DESIGN ARGUMENT FOR GOD’S EXISTENCE: Ayatullâh Ja’far Subḥânî’s Criticism of David Hume’s Thoughts Zamzami, Mukhammad; Gharamaleki, Ghorbanali Karimzadeh; Hosseinieskandian, Abdullah; Mahzumi, Fikri
Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol 24, No 1 (2023): Islamic Philosophy & Mysticism
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ua.v24i1.20698

Abstract

The design argument is one of the strongest arguments to prove God's existence. It has been analyzed by various thinkers throughout the history in defense of God’s existence. However, some empiricist philosophers who do not believe in God’s existence criticized and questioned this argument. David Hume (1711-1776) is one of those who made a tremendous effort to deny God’s existence. He also criticized the design argument. Hume’s critiques have always been challenged by philosophers and God-believing theologians. This article is made to criticize Hume’s critiques on the design argument from Ayatullâh Subḥânî’s perspective using descriptive-analytical method. Hume’s objection was due to misunderstanding of the argument’s purpose and function. It should be acknowledged that this argument can easily prove God’s essence along with other arguments such as ḥudûth, necessity, and possibility. The design argument pushes us to the supernatural limits. Also, this argument is supported by experimental sciences because every new discovery made in natural sciences provides us with a new sign to prove God.
THE LOGICAL PROBLEM OF EVIL IN ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY: A Comparative Approach in the Thought System of Ibn Sînâ and Richard Swinburne Zamzami, Mukhammad; HosseiniEskandian, Abdullah; Aabaszadeh, Aabas; Muktafi, Muktafi
MIQOT: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman Vol 45, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : State Islamic University North Sumatra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30821/miqot.v45i1.823

Abstract

Abstract: The study of the ideas of Ibn Sînâ and Richard Swinburne as the pioneers of Islamic philosophy and the West philosophy, and on the other hand, the existing scholastic and ideological differences, is something that can help us to become more familiar with the thoughts of these philosophers and intellectual differences and similarities. In this research, with the analytical method and using the necessary documents, the nature, types, and solutions of evil in the thought of Ibn Sînâ and Swinburne are examined, and also the two philosophers’ thoughts about evil are compared. Both philosophers have considered the existence of evil not in contradiction with the divine attributes, but it is necessary for the acquisition of good, the minimum existence of which is necessary for the best system of creation.Keywords: evil, Ibn Sînâ, Richard Swinburne, Divine attributes, world of creation
ACHIEVING TRUE HAPPINESS: A STUDY OF MUHAMMAD HOSSEIN TABATABAI’S PHILOSOPHICAL-MYSTICAL THOUGHT Zamzami, Mukhammad; Hosseinieskandian, Abdullah; Zuhri, Achmad Muhibin; Haidary, Abdullah Haq Al; Babaei, Ali
Islam Futura Vol 23, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jiif.v23i1.14760

Abstract

The question of what constitutes true happiness has been a core philosophical issue that has warranted multiple attempts in the attempt to provide a final answer, either from a purely religious or philosophical perspective. The issue of happiness is closely connected to the meaning of life and its ultimate outcome and purpose. The modern Muslim philosopher Muhammad Hossein Tabatabai discussed the nature of happiness at length. In his view, human beings instinctively strive to attain happiness or the ultimate good which can only be achieved through nearness to God. Therefore, true happiness requires the believer to commit righteous deeds and avoid sinful acts. This study follows a philosophical-Sufi approach and uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the nature of happiness, the relationship between happiness, goodness and pleasure according to Tabatabai. In line with Islamic thought, true and lasting happiness can only be attained in the Hereafter, and happiness in this life, no matter how acutely and deeply felt, is merely a shadow of the true happiness of the believers who have attained God’s permission to enter Paradise.