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Effectiveness of Deep Learning Models in Cybercrime Prediction Mustofa, Muhammad; Akhtar, Shazia; Vandika, Arnes Yuli
Journal of Moeslim Research Technik Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/technik.v1i5.1561

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The rise of cybercrime poses significant challenges to security agencies and organizations worldwide. Traditional methods of crime prediction often fall short in accurately identifying potential threats. As a result, there is a growing interest in leveraging advanced technologies, such as deep learning, to enhance predictive capabilities in cybersecurity. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting cybercrime incidents. The study investigates how these models can improve accuracy and reliability compared to conventional prediction techniques. A dataset comprising historical cybercrime incidents was collected and preprocessed to extract relevant features. Various deep learning architectures, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), were implemented. The models were trained and validated using a portion of the data, while performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were used to assess their predictive capabilities. The findings indicate that deep learning models significantly outperform traditional methods in predicting cybercrime incidents. The best-performing model achieved an accuracy of 92%, showcasing its ability to identify complex patterns in the data. Additionally, deep learning models demonstrated lower false positive rates, enhancing their reliability in real-world applications. The research concludes that deep learning is a powerful tool for predicting cybercrime, offering enhanced accuracy and efficiency. These findings contribute to the field by highlighting the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in improving cybersecurity measures. Future work should focus on refining these models and exploring their applicability in real-time cyber threat detection.
Reconceptualizing Consumer Protection in Apartments: A Normative Analysis of Criminalization Practices by Property Developers in Indonesia Rosa, Yenny; Mustofa, Muhammad; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar
Advances In Social Humanities Research Vol. 3 No. 12 (2025): Advances In Social Humanities Research
Publisher : Sahabat Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/adv.v3i12.525

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This study examines the emerging phenomenon of consumer criminalization in Indonesia's high-rise housing sector, where property developers increasingly utilize criminal law mechanisms to exert pressure on buyers involved in contractual disputes. While previous studies have largely focused on issues of unfair contract terms, late delivery, and imbalanced bargaining positions, the use of criminal law as a tool of intimidation remains significantly underexplored. Employing a normative legal research approach, this study analyzes statutory frameworks, judicial decisions, and scholarly literature to investigate the structural and normative weaknesses that allow criminalization to occur. The findings reveal that the misuse of defamation and embezzlement provisions represents a systemic distortion of the ultimum remedium principle and indicates a broader imbalance in the legal power relationship between developers and consumers. This study argues that current regulatory mechanisms are insufficient to prevent the instrumentalization of criminal law in what is fundamentally a civil contractual relationship. By integrating perspectives from global theories of overcriminalization, substantive justice, and consumer protection, the research provides a conceptual foundation for reconstructing Indonesia's legal framework. The study concludes by proposing regulatory reforms, institutional strengthening, and procedural guidelines to ensure that criminal law is not deployed as an oppressive tool against consumers. This contributes to the global discourse on proportionality in criminal law and the protection of vulnerable parties in modern housing markets.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) MODEL BASED ON SNAKES AND LADDERS MEDIA ON STUDENTS' ENGAGEMENT IN SKI Salsabila, Choirunisa; Makbuloh, Deden; Mustofa, Muhammad
Jurnal Visipena Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian (LP2M) STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46244/visipena.v16i2.3565

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Student engagement is a crucial indicator of successful educational outcomes. However, in practice, engagement levels often remain low, particularly in Islamic Cultural History (SKI) courses. Preliminary research conducted at MTs Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung revealed that only 2% of students actively engaged in asking questions to teachers or peers, indicating a predominantly passive attitude towards learning. This situation highlights the urgent need for innovative teaching methods that can effectively foster active student participation. Accordingly, this study empirically examines the effectiveness of the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) cooperative learning model, integrated with Snakes and Ladders game media, in enhancing students’ engagement in Islamic Cultural History (SKI). The research adopts a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a post-test-only control group framework. The sample consists of two intact groups from seventh-grade classes, selected via intact group sampling techniques. One class served as the experimental group, utilizing NHT with Snakes and Ladders media, while the other group was the control, applying the Jigsaw method. Data on learning activity were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using independent sample t- tests, along with effect size calculations. The findings revealed a significance level of 0.269 (> 0.05) and a Cohen’s d of 0.027, indicating no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups, with the treatment effect being negligibly small in practical terms. These results suggest that the effectiveness of the NHT model based on game media is context-dependent and influenced by students’ preparedness, self-confidence, and emotional factors. Consequently, for NHT to function optimally in enhancing student engagement, it requires strengthening of the affective domain alongside consistent reinforcement of cooperative learning practices.
KESENIAN HADROH: MEDIA PENANAMAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM MEMBENTUK AKHLAK REMAJA Rismawan, Fariz; Syafe'i, Imam; Susanti, Agus; Mustofa, Muhammad
EDUCATIONAL : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan & Pengajaran Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/educational.v6i1.9229

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This study departs from the reality of adolescents as the next generation, who are currently in a transitional phase and are highly vulnerable to the negative impacts of globalization and the advancement of digital technology. The main focus of the research is to examine the role of hadroh art as a creative medium in instilling Islamic educational values oriented toward the moral development of youth. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the research was conducted at As-Sholah Mosque, Srirejosari Village, East Lampung, using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation involving community leaders, mentors, and adolescents engaged in hadroh activities. The findings indicate that the internalization of Islamic educational values through hadroh is based on three aspects: faith (love for the Prophet Muhammad SAW expressed through shalawat chants), worship (religious expression and prayers to draw closer to Allah SWT), and morality (discipline, responsibility, and cooperation). The impact is clearly visible among adolescents, including increased participation in worship, more courteous social behavior, and reduced dependence on gadgets. Although challenges remain in regenerating members due to many continuing their studies outside the region, the activities persist thanks to the support of parents and the local government. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berangkat dari realitas remaja sebagai generasi penerus yang tengah berada dalam fase transisi dan cukup rentan terhadap dampak negatif arus globalisasi serta perkembangan teknologi digital. Fokus utama penelitian adalah mengkaji peran kesenian hadroh sebagai media kreatif dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam yang berorientasi pada pembentukan akhlak remaja. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Masjid As-Sholah, Desa Srirejosari, Lampung Timur, melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi terhadap tokoh masyarakat, pembina, serta remaja yang terlibat dalam kegiatan hadroh. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa internalisasi nilai pendidikan Islam melalui hadroh bertumpu pada tiga aspek: iman (kecintaan kepada Rasulullah SAW lewat syair shalawat), ibadah (syiar dan doa untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Allah SWT), serta akhlak (kedisiplinan, tanggung jawab, dan kerja sama). Dampaknya terlihat nyata pada remaja, seperti meningkatnya keterlibatan ibadah, perilaku sosial yang lebih santun, dan berkurangnya ketergantungan pada handfone. Meski ada kendala regenerasi anggota karena melanjutkan pendidikan ke luar daerah, kegiatan tetap berlanjut berkat dukungan orang tua dan pemerintah setempat.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STAD TERHADAP KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK Pamungkas, Bayu; Makbuloh, Deden; Mustofa, Muhammad
QANUN: Journal of Islamic Laws and Studies Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): QANUN: Journal of Islamic Laws and Studies, Maret 2026
Publisher : ASIAN PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58738/qanun.v4i3.1329

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap keaktifan belajar peserta didik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain quasi experiment, yang melibatkan dua kelompok penelitian, yaitu kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen diberikan perlakuan berupa penerapan model pembelajaran STAD, sedangkan kelas kontrol menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Basic Learning (PBL). Subjek penelitian terdiri atas 52 peserta didik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan instrumen angket keaktifan belajar yang telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas, dengan nilai koefisien reliabilitas Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,646, sehingga instrumen dinyatakan layak digunakan. Sebelum dilakukan pengujian hipotesis, data terlebih dahulu dianalisis melalui uji prasyarat. Hasil uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro–Wilk menunjukkan bahwa data keaktifan belajar pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol berdistribusi normal. Namun, hasil uji homogenitas varians menggunakan uji Levene menunjukkan bahwa varians data tidak homogen. Oleh karena itu, pengujian hipotesis dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Independent Samples t-Test dengan asumsi varians tidak sama (Welch’s t-test). Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,022, yang lebih kecil dari taraf signifikansi 0,05. Temuan ini mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara keaktifan belajar peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran STAD efektif dalam meningkatkan keaktifan belajar peserta didik.
From Punitive Response to Civic Safeguarding: Optimizing a Pentahelix Policy Community Model for Preventing Pedophilia-Related Violence Against Children In Indonesia Suseno, Bayu; Mustofa, Muhammad; Puspitasari; Adnan, Ricardi S.
Jurnal Kewarganegaraan Vol. 23 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Department of Pancasila and Civic Education, Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/tv6pts68

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Pedophilia-related violence against children in Indonesia is still addressed predominantly through punitive law-enforcement responses, while participatory prevention, civic reporting capacity, and cross-sector coordination remain fragmented. This article aims to formulate a policy community model that connects pentahelix collaboration with citizenship education in order to strengthen child safeguarding. The study uses an integrative literature review and policy document analysis, guided by Whittemore and Knafl’s review stages, and reports the results using an adapted PRISMA logic. The synthesis shows that effective prevention requires six interrelated praxis syntaxes: evidence building, pentahelix role allocation, sustainable routines, innovation, evaluation, and citizenship campaigns. The article argues that citizenship education should be repositioned from a classroom-centered subject into a civic-learning infrastructure that develops legal awareness, digital literacy, ethical bystander behaviour, and collective responsibility. The study concludes that civic-oriented policy communities can reduce governance fragmentation and should be empirically tested in local child-protection settings.  
POE (PREDICT,OBSERVE,EXPLAIN): EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK Aisahara, Chindy; Makbuloh, Deden; Mustofa, Muhammad
SECONDARY: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Menengah Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/secondary.v6i2.9875

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This study was motivated by the low learning outcomes and critical thinking skills of students in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at SMP Negeri 2 Krui, where instruction remains predominantly teacher-centered through the Direct Instruction model. This condition has resulted in limited student participation and difficulties in achieving higher-order cognitive skills (C6). The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Predict, Observe, Explain (POE) instructional model in improving students’ learning outcomes in PAI. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a post-test only control group design. The sample consisted of 64 eighth-grade students selected through cluster random sampling, comprising an experimental group that received instruction using the POE model and a control group taught through Direct Instruction. The research instrument was a validated multiple-choice test. Data were analyzed using normality and homogeneity tests, followed by the Mann–Whitney U hypothesis test. The findings indicated that the data were not normally distributed but were homogeneous; therefore, the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test was applied. The Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (< 0.05) revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, the POE model proved to be more effective than Direct Instruction in enhancing students’ learning outcomes in PAI, as it promotes active engagement, deeper conceptual understanding, and the development of critical thinking skills.
TIME TOKEN: MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI Yusnida, Azma; Makbuloh, Deden; Mustofa, Muhammad; Wahyudi, Didik
LEARNING : Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Pendidikan dan Penelitian Indonesia (P4I)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51878/learning.v6i2.10870

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ABSTRACT This study was motivated by the low academic achievement and lack of higher-order thinking skills among students in the Islamic Religious Education (IRE) course at SMP Negeri 1 Kota Agung Timur, where instruction is still dominated by one-way Direct Instruction. This situation has led to a lack of active student participation and suboptimal achievement in the cognitive domain at the C4 level. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the Time Token learning model on PAI learning outcomes. The study employs a quantitative approach using an experimental method and a post-test only control group design. The research sample consisted of 64 eighth-grade students selected through cluster sampling, comprising an experimental class (VIII D) that implemented the Time Token model and a control class (VIII F) that used the Direct Instruction model. The research instrument was a multiple-choice test based on Bloom’s Taxonomy, which had been tested for validity and reliability, with 16 items deemed suitable for use. Data were analyzed using normality and homogeneity tests, as well as the Mann–Whitney U hypothesis test. The results showed that the mean score of the experimental class was higher than that of the control class, and the majority of students in the experimental class had achieved the established Minimum Passing Score (MPS) of 76, whereas in the control class, there were still students who had not reached the MPS. Furthermore, the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value < 0.05 indicates the presence of a significant. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya hasil belajar dan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di SMP Negeri 1 Kota Agung Timur yang masih didominasi oleh pembelajaran Direct Instruction yang bersifat satu arah. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada kurangnya partisipasi aktif siswa serta belum optimalnya pencapaian ranah kognitif pada level C4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas model pembelajaran Time Token terhadap hasil belajar PAI. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen dan desain post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 64 siswa kelas VIII yang dipilih melalui teknik cluster sampling, terdiri atas kelas eksperimen (VIII D) yang menerapkan model Time Token dan kelas kontrol (VIII F) yang menggunakan model Direct Instruction. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes pilihan ganda berbasis Taksonomi Bloom yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya, dengan 16 soal dinyatakan layak digunakan. Data dianalisis melalui uji normalitas, homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis Mann–Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol, dan sebagian besar siswa pada kelas eksperimen telah mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang ditetapkan yaitu 76, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol masih terdapat siswa yang belum mencapai KKM. Selain itu, nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran Time Token terbukti lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar PAI karena mampu mendorong keaktifan, pemerataan partisipasi, serta peningkatan kemampuan berpikir siswa pada semua level kognitif.
Fenomena Double Regulation dan Perkembangan Budaya Penjara dalam Interaksi Street-Level Bureucracy dengan Semi-Autonomous Social Field di Lapas Cipinang dan Rutan Batam Hidayat, Rizky; Mustofa, Muhammad
Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Siber Multi Disiplin (April - Juni 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research & Yayasan Sinergi Inovasi Bersama (SIBER)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jsmd.v4i1.685

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Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena double regulation di lembaga pemasyarakatan yakni koeksistensi dan konflik antara aturan formal negara dan norma informal internal dengan studi perbandingan pada Lapas Kelas I Cipinang dan Rutan Kelas IIA Batam. Latar belakang penelitian berfokus pada perubahan bentuk pains of imprisonment pada era pemasyarakatan modern, termasuk ketegangan prosedural (tightness), impunitas, dan stratifikasi sosial yang membentuk budaya penjara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk memahami dinamika sosial, praktik birokrasi lapangan, dan relasi kuasa antar aktor di dalam penjara. Data dianalisis secara kontekstual untuk mengungkap mekanisme pembentukan regulasi ganda dan dampaknya terhadap pengalaman hidup narapidana serta praktik petugas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa double regulation terbentuk melalui stratifikasi sosial yang kompleks (terutama di Lapas Cipinang) dan interaksi langsung yang memberi ruang bagi norma informal untuk mengisi kekosongan aturan formal (terutama di Rutan Batam). Kondisi overcrowding memperkuat diskresi petugas, praktik tawar-menawar, dan konsolidasi mutualisme antara petugas dan narapidana, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian normatif, tekanan psikologis berkelanjutan, serta melemahnya efektivitas program pembinaan dan rehabilitasi. Meski demikian, budaya penjara juga menyediakan stabilitas operasional sementara. Berdasarkan temuan, direkomendasikan reformasi struktural, penguatan akuntabilitas, transformasi budaya institusional, harmonisasi SOP, dan penelitian komparatif lanjutan untuk mereduksi dampak negatif double regulation dan memperbaiki kualitas pemasyarakatan di Indonesia.
Kerjasama ASEAN Dalam Menanggulangi Kejahatan Pencucian Uang Lintas Negara Mustofa, Muhammad
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan Vol. 31, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

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