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CREDIT RATIONING OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE IN THE RURAL AREAS OF CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA Nunung Nuryartono
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 4 No. 1 (2007): Vol. 4 No. 1 Maret 2007
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5743.72 KB) | DOI: 10.17358/jma.4.1.15-21

Abstract

The agricultural sector provides the highest contribution to economic development in the Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. On average, the share of agriculture in the Product Domestic Regional Bruto (GRDP) is more than 40% (2003). However, poverty is a widespread problem found in this area, as indicated by almost 46% of the total household are categorized as poor and most of them are farmers. Smallholders and poor farmers may perpetually be trapped in poverty due to lack of finance needed to undertake productive investment. This is indicated by lower rate of advance agricultural technology adoption, which results the productivity of some agricultural products in this area is lower compared to the national average.This paper addresses the question of whether greater access of financial services increase agricultural production. Specific research question addressed are as follow: (1) How many household have access to formal credit markets? (2) How many households are credit constrained? (3) What factors influence that households are credit constrained? (4) How does credit rationing influences agricultural production?As many studies have shown, many rural households lack access to either formal or informal credit institutions. In the rural areas of Central Sulawesi Province, particularly in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park only 21.5% of the household have access to formal credits. The results also show that under certain conditions, only 18.1% of the households are not credit constrained. Most households are credit constrained due to lack collateral and because of the self-selection problem.The econometric analysis consists of two parts. The first part explores the determinants for a household to be credit constrained, focusing on the formal credit market by using Probit model. In the second part of the analysis, we investigate the influence of being credit constrained on the rice production by applying a switching regression model. The results of the probit model show that human capital (i.e. education and age of the head of households) as well as wealth and risk-bearing indicators are significant in determining whether household is credit constrained.
Emergence Corporate Financial Distressin Emerging Market: Empirical Evidence from Indonesia Stock Exchange(IDX) 2004-2008 Koes Pranowo; Noer Azam Achsani; Adler H. Manurung; Nunung Nuryartono
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 8 No. 2 (2011): Vol. 8 No. 2 Oktober 2011
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (314.317 KB) | DOI: 10.17358/jma.8.2.109-113

Abstract

Financial recovery is the most difficult in financial management. Therefore, this is important to study how a company in financially-distress can survive to rise up to a healthy financial condition (emergence financial distress). The research consists of 200 non financial companies which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period of 2004-2008. This study focuses on management of working capital. How a company fulfill its current liabilities, and its sources in current assets which shall be cashed at the short term period. By using Multinomial logit, we analyzed the probability a financially-distress company rise up to emergence financial distress or stay of the status of financial distress and what are financial indicators affect to a company in the status of Non Financial Distress tend to Financial Distress. Thus, the important thing is to determine financial ratios which can be an indicator to determine of emergence financial distress. We find a positive relationship between Profit, efficiency and emergence financial distress and a negative relationship between leverage and emergence financial distress.   Keywords: Emergence Financial Distress, Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), Multinomial Logit JEL Classification Codes: G 3
IMPLEMENTASI PENYUSUNAN RENCANA KERJA DAN ANGGARAN BELANJA KEMENTERIAN PERTANIAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TAHUN 2005-2012 Aprilia Sukmawati; Hermanto Siregar; Nunung Nuryartono
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 10 No. 3 (2013): Vol. 10 No. 3, November 2013
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (912.306 KB) | DOI: 10.17358/jma.10.3.182-191

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe research objectives were to 1) analyze the implementation suitability of RKA-K/L document preparation which is implemented by Ministry of Agriculture with the concept of unified budget, Performance Base Budgeting (PBB) and Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF) by using gap analysis method and 2) analyze the influence of expenditure in research, development and agriculture extension program; agriculture infrastructure; and increasing of production and agricultural productivity program, as well as agricultural subsidies to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth through multiple regression analysis. The methods used were gap analysis and multiple regression analysis. Gap analysis shows that there are still some obstacles in the application of unified budget concept, PBK and KPJM which resulted partial gap with applicable regulations. Multiple regression analysis shows that the Ministry of Agriculture budget expenditure both agriculture research, development and extension programs also agricultural production and productivity program had significant negative effect on the growth of GDP in agriculture sector. Therefore the government needs to pay attention to the government budget allocation which is closely related to the implementation of the existing programs in the Ministry of Agriculture.Keywords: government expenditure, sector of agriculture, ministry of agriculture, gap analysis, multiple regression analysisABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan  1) menganalisis kesesuaian dokumen Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran Kementerian Negara/Lembaga (RKAK/L) yang disusun oleh Kementerian Pertanian dengan konsep penganggaran terpadu, Penganggaran Berbasis Kinerja (PBK) dan Kerangka Pengeluaran Jangka Menengah (KPJM) serta 2) menganalisis pengaruh alokasi anggaran untuk program penelitian dan penyuluhan pertanian; program infrastruktur pertanian; program peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas pertanian; serta subsidi benih dan pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan PDB. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis gap  dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil analisis gap menunjukkan bahwa masih ada beberapa kendala dalam penerapan konsep penganggaran terpadu, PBK dan KPJM yang mengakibatkan kesenjangan parsial dengan ketentuan yang berlaku, sedangkan hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa alokasi anggaran Kementerian Pertanian untuk program penelitian pertanian, pengembangan dan penyuluhan serta program peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas pertanian berpengaruh negatif secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan PDB di sektor pertanian. Jadi pemerintah perlu memperhatikan alokasi anggaran pemerintah yang terkait erat dengan pelaksanaan program yang ada di Kementerian Pertanian.Kata kunci: anggaran belanja, sektor pertanian, kementerian pertanian, analisis gap, regresi berganda
Crafting Design Strategy on Seaweed Industry in Indonesia Muhammad Gunawan Sani Saputro; Nunung Nuryartono; Bustanul Arifin; Nimmi Zulbainarni
Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis Vol. 18 No. 2 (2021): JMA Vol. 18 No. 2, July 2021
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jma.18.2.156

Abstract

The global demand for seaweed is expected to increase in the coming years due to new product development using seaweed. There are many benefits of seaweed such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food industries, textiles, paper, and bioenergy production. On the other hand, Indonesia, as the archipelago country with the second-longest coastline after Canada, is expected to achieve competitiveness so Indonesia benefit more from the seaweed industry. This study aims to get the landscape of the seaweed industry and to select strategies. The strategies are designed using the Structural Equation Modelling Method – Partial Least Square (SEM – PLS). The findings of this study are the competitive advantage of Indonesia's carrageenan-producing seaweed industry using descriptive statistical methods through the perception model show considered weak. The three main parameters of concern are assessed as low-cost leadership, ability to increase export value and self-sufficiency in meeting the needs of domestic seaweed. The analysis also shows that the influence of innovation and stakeholder support on increasing the competitive advantage of Indonesia's carrageenan-producing seaweed industry is considered significant. Innovation is represented by the latent variable attributes of innovation, communication channels and the role of change agents, which are concluded to have a significant effect both directly and indirectly on the industry's competitive advantage. Keywords: seaweed industry, competitiveness, carrageenan, innovation, SEM-PLS, stakeholder support
Rural banks (BPRs) have some roles to small industries especially in rural area.  The roles of BPRs are very important to develop the small industries because their capitals still limited.  But BPRs have some problems to conduct their roles.  The objectives of this study were (1) to identify small industries that being client of BPRs in West Sumatra and (2) to analyze the impact of credit to the increasing of small industries performance.  Those objectives can be analyzed using descriptive appro Zednita Azriani; Harianto .; Nunung Nuryartono
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 3 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Rural banks (BPRs) have some roles to small industries especially in rural area.  The roles of BPRs are very important to develop the small industries because their capitals still limited.  But BPRs have some problems to conduct their roles.  The objectives of this study were (1) to identify small industries that being client of BPRs in West Sumatra and (2) to analyze the impact of credit to the increasing of small industries performance.  Those objectives can be analyzed using descriptive approaches and econometrics in form of small industries model as simultaneous equation.  The result showed that amount of credit that received by small industries was only significant to value small industries but not significant to using labor.  There was no difference between the performance of constructed rural bank’s credit clients and non-constructed rural bank’s credit clients. Key words: credit, rural banks, financial performance, small industries
Analysis Food Demand of Java Households with Aids Model Estimates Roeskani Sinaga; Manuntun Paruliah Hutagaol; Sri Hartoyo; R Nunung Nuryartono
Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen Vol 37, No 1 (2022): January 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis UNTAG Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (428.693 KB) | DOI: 10.24856/mem.v27i01.2550

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The quantity and quality of food consumed by the community are determined by the price level and household income. Household food expenditure share is still dominated by rice commodities. The aims of this study are 1) to analyze the level of household expenditure on food in Java and (2) to analyze the expenditure elasticity and price elasticity of household food demand in Java. The data used was March 2015, 2016, and 2017 SUSENAS data. Household consumption data was estimated using the AIDS Model. The results showed that household food expenditure share for medium and low-income groups (Q3 and Q4) for urban and rural areas was more than 50 percent. This shows that the household is food insecure. The own-price elasticity for all commodities is negative and inelastic. Changes in food prices do not significantly affect changes in demand for food commodities because their elasticity is inelastic. Household food demand is more influenced by food prices than household income for food commodities except for rice commodities. Rice has elastic expenditure elasticity (means that food demand is very responsive to changes in household expenditure/income. The relationship between each commodity is almost entirely negative (complementary).
Strategi Pengembangan Nano Teknologi Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Daya Saing Industri Pertanian Nasional Dengan Menggunakan SWOT-ANP Nurul Taufiqu Rochman; Gumbira Sa'id; Arief Daryanto; Nunung Nuryartono
Jurnal Ekonomi Vol. 15 No. 3 (2010): November 2010
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonom dan Bisnis, Universitas Tarumanagara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24912/je.v15i3.173

Abstract

Nanotechnology is believed to give a significant added value to the agricultural industry. Various applications of nanotechnology provide opportunities for improving the global competitiveness of the agricultural industry. This study aims to assess nanotechnology development strategy at the national agricultural industry by using the quantitative SWOT method and ANP in BOCR (benefit, opportunity, cost, risk) perspective. The results from these two approaches were then compared. There were four stages of the research procedure that consists of 1) analyzing agricultural industries that apply nanotechnology using quantitative SWOT, 2) formulating nanotechnology development strategy in the TOWS matrix quantitatively, 3) determining strategy alternative for developing nanotechnology in the agricultural industry with ANP in BOCR perspective and 4) assessing comparatively weight value of each strategy alternative using quantitative SWOT and ANP in BOCR perspective. Data were collected by conducting FGD (group discussion forum) for 20 participants and a questionnaire to 10 experts in the field of food chemistry, agriculture, nanotechnology and policy. Results show that in the formulation of nanotechnology development strategy on national agriculture industry, aspects of opportunities and positive impact are taken to account more than that risk and economic aspects. ANP results indicate that nanotechnology development in the national agricultural industry is still in the early stage where the strategy that leads to increased mastery of technology is paid more intention than the implementation of research result itself, socialization of nanotechnology safety and governance of policies. Strategy formulation done by ANP in BOCR perspective is slightly different than that done by quantitative SWOT method which uses only independent variables. The result of this study can be used as a reference for stakeholders for strategic decision making in relation to improving the competitiveness of the national agricultural industry through the development of nanotechnology.
Aksesibilitas dan Partisipasi Pengrajin Industri Tempe Terhadap Sumber Pembiayaan Formal di Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat Zednita Azriani; Nunung Kusnadi; Bonar M. Sinaga; Nunung Nuryartono
Jurnal Agro Ekonomi Vol 32, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Agro Ekonomi
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jae.v32n1.2014.75-89

Abstract

EnglishAgriculture-based processing industry is important to support the overall economy as a whole and also the agricultural sector. Tempe industry is an important agroindustry. In general, tempeh industry consists of small business and household-scale industry dealing with some problems, i.e. raw materials and capital access. Capital constraint is due to the low access of tempeh industry to formal credit institutions. The objectives of study are: (i) to distinguish between access and participation tempeh industry to formal financing, (ii) to identify factors affecting accessibility and participation tempeh industry to formal credit using the probit models, and (iii) to identify factors influencing credit value requested. Results of the study show that education and collateral ownership are the important factors determining accessibility to formal financing sources. Tempe processors with higher educational level and land certificates will have greater opportunities to access formal financing. Formal financing participation is affected by total income of tempeh processors, age, and participation in the organization. Thus, improving knowledge and skills of tempeh processors is necessary to enhance their access to formal financing. In addition, loosened collateral requirements are important for tempeh industry. Financial scheme such as subsidized credit is very useful to improve credit participation of tempeh processors. IndonesianIndustri pengolahan yang berbasis pertanian sangat diperlukan, selain untuk mendukung perekonomian secara keseluruhan juga sebagai penyokong sektor pertanian. Salah satu agroindustri yang cukup potensial adalah industri tempe. Pada umumnya industri tempe merupakan industri kecil dan rumah tangga yang masih dihadapkan dengan beberapa permasalah, baik permasalahan bahan baku maupun keterbatasan modal. Keterbatasan modal disebabkan karena rendahnya akses industri tempe terhadap lembaga-lembaga kredit formal perbankan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membedakan akses dan partisipasi pengrajin tempe terhadap sumber pembiayaan formal dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi akses dan partisipasi pengrajin tempe terhadap kredit dengan menggunakan model probit serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi jumlah kredit yang diminta. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa faktor pendidikan dan ketersediaan collateral menjadi faktor penting dalam menentukan aksessibilitas pengrajin industri tempe terhadap sumber pembiayaan formal. Pengrajin yang lebih berpendidikan dan memiliki surat tanah akan memiliki peluang yang lebih besar untuk dapat akses terhadap sumber pembiayaan formal. Sedangkan partisipasi terhadap pembiayaan formal lebih dipengaruhi oleh total pendapatan pengrajin, umur, dan keikutsertaan dalam organisasi. Sehingga upaya-upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan pengrajin tempe perlu dilakukan guna meningkatkan aksessibilitas pengrajin industri tempe terhadap sumber pembiayaan formal. Di samping itu, kemudahan persyaratan agunan dalam pinjaman perlu diberikan untuk pengrajin industri tempe.  Kredit bersubsidi sangat bermanfaat bagi para pengrajin tempe.
Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi: Implementasi dan Persepsi oleh Petani Padi Iman Widhiyanto; Nunung Nuryartono; nFN Harianto; Hermanto Siregar
Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2017): Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian
Publisher : Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/akp.v15n2.2017.99-112

Abstract

Agricultural sector is the government’s priority through fiscal policies. One of the policies implemented is the interest rate subsidy for Food and Energy Security Credit Program (KKP-E). Some Banks had been appointed and in collaboration with the government to provide KKP-E. KKP-E program had lower interest rate than the market rate and it was expected that the farmers could access it. KKP-E was intended to meet the needs of agricultural equipment and farm inputs purchase. Since the program rolled out from 2008 to 2015, the implementation of KKP-E was below the credit limit. This study aimed to analyze the KKP-E implementation, farmers’ perspectives of KKP-E, and change from KKP-E to KUR (People’s Business Credit) for Agricultural Sector. Results of the study showed that KKP-E disbursement was relatively low. KKP-E distribution channels needed enhancement and the credit could not satisfy all farm business. Farmers did not receive KKP-E from the bank on time. Continuity of subsidized credit was important for farmers. Basic scheme of KKP-E program should be applied to KUR for Agricultural Sector. The government and the Banks need to be more actively in socializing the program, to improve financial education, to utilize more advanced technology, and to simplify bureaucracy. AbstrakPemerintah berusaha untuk membangun sektor pertanian melalui berbagai instrumen kebijakan fiskal. Salah satu kebijakan yang telah digulirkan adalah subsidi bunga Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi (KKP-E). Pemerintah bekerjasama dengan bank pelaksana menyediakan KKP-E. Petani diharapkan dapat mengakses KKP-E karena tingkat bunganya lebih rendah dari pasar. KKP-E digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembelian peralatan pertanian dan input usaha taninya. Sejak digulirkan pada tahun 2008 sampai dengan 2015, realisasi penyaluran KKP-E masih jauh di bawah plafon kredit, dan realisasi subsidi bunga tidak efisien pada tahun-tahun awal digulirkannya subsidi bunga KKP-E. Penelitian ini bermaksud menganalisis secara diskriptif implementasi KKP-E, perspektif usaha tani terhadap KKP-E, dan perubahan KKP-E menjadi KUR (Kredit Usaha Rakyat) sektor pertanian. Data di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa jangkauan KKP-E masih rendah, saluran distribusi KKP-E perlu ditambah, terjadi fungibility penggunaan KKP-E, pinjaman KKP-E belum dapat memenuhi semua kebutuhan usaha tani, dan pencairan KKP-E masih lama dan tidak tepat waktu. Usaha tani menginginkan agar skim kredit dengan subsidi bunga dapat dilanjutkan di masa yang akan datang. Kemudahan-kemudahan yang ada pada KKP-E hendaknya diterapkan pada KUR sektor pertanian. Pemerintah bersama bank pelaksana perlu lebih masif melakukan sosialisasi dan edukasi keuangan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi yang lebih maju dan menyederhanakan birokrasi. 
CLUSTER OF INDONESIA KABUPATEN-KOTA POTENTIAL IN DEVELOPING FOOD CROP AND HORTICULTURE COMMODITIES Imam Wahyudi; Nunung Nuryartono; Amzul Rifin
Indonesian Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship (IJBE) Vol. 2 No. 3 (2016): IJBE, Vol. 2 No. 3, September 2016
Publisher : School of Business, IPB University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/ijbe.2.3.151

Abstract

Identification of potential areas in an agricultural sector is needed in order to meet the national food needs, among others, by carrying out mapping the potential areas through clustering the Kabupaten-Kota in Indonesia, especially on imported agricultural commodities of food crops and horticultures. The use of cluster analysis with top-down clustering method (K-means) produces the best cluster. Of 268 regencies-cities, there are 7 clusters, namely Cluster 1 consisting of 154 regencies, Cluster 2 consisting of 2 regencies, Cluster 3 consisting of only1 regency, Cluster 4 consisting of 8 regencies, Cluster 5 consisting of 24 regencies, Cluster 6 consisting of 75 regencies, and Cluster 7 consisting of 4 regencies. Each cluster has its own dominant commodity characteristics.  The results of typology klassen on constructed clusters show that food crop and horticulture commodities have grown well and fast. Out of 13 commodities, there are 7 major commodities: Cluster 1: rice and corns; Clusters 2, 3 and 7: cassava; Cluster 4: corns, cassavas and chilly; Cluster 5: apples; Cluster 6: corns, shallots, and garlic. Six other commodities do not grow well, namely sorghum, potatoes, soybeans, peanuts, oranges, and grapes. The potential lack of an area is due to the plants’ low productivity, which is mainly because of plant pests, highly operational cost, climates and natural disasters. Keywords: imports, food crops, horticulture, cluster, and leading sector.
Co-Authors ., Harianto Achsani, Noer Azham Adila, Dara Adler H. Manurung Aji Hamim Wigena Akhmad Fauzi Alfian Helmi Alfiana Ainurrahma Amzul Rifin Aprilia Sukmawati Arief Daryanto Arif Satria ASEP SAEFUDDIN Bambang Juanda Bambang Siswaji Bang Bangsawan Bintan Badriatul Ummah Bonar M. Sinaga Budi Purwanto Bunasor Sanim Bustanul Arifin Bustanul Arifin Carunia Mulya Firdausy Dara Adila Desak Putu Ristami Paramita Dewi Rohma Wati Dian Verawati Panjaitan Didin Hafidhuddin MS Dudung Darusman Duhita Herlyn Lusiya Dwi Rachmina Dwirayani, Dina E. Gumbira-Said Eddi Wahyudi Eddi Wahyudi, Eddi Eka Intan KP Eka Intan Kumala Putri Erliza Noor Eva Anggraini Faizul Mubarok Farida Farida Fikrotus Salma, Dzikrina Gumbira Sa'id Guruh Herman Harianto . Harianto Harianto Harianto Harianto Helentina Situmorang Heriyanto S Soba Herlambang, Resandy Hermanto Siregar Hermanto Siregar Hoeriyah, Lilis Hutagaol, Manuntun Paruliah Imam Teguh Saptono Imam Wahyudi Iman Widhiyanto Iman Widhiyanto Ingratubun, Muhammad A Irfan Syauqi Beik Isventina Isventina JAENAL EFFENDI Koes Pranowo Lay, Jann Lilis Hoeriyah Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Lukytawati Anggraeni M. Efendi Arianto Mandar Oak Masbantar Sangadji Muhammad Fazri Muhammad Gunawan Sani Saputro Muhammad Said Didu Nana Rodiana Nidaa Nazaahah Kusumawati Nimmi Zulbainarni Nunung Kusnadi Nurul Taufiqu Rochman Nurwati, Etty Oak, Mandar Ono Juarno Rachman, Muhammad Ibrahim Ratna Winandi Rina Oktaviani Rina Oktaviani Rochman, E, Nurul Taufiqu Rokhani Hasbullah Sa’id, Gumbira Salahuddin El Ayyubi Silaban, Maman Kurniawan Syahputra Sinaga, Bonar M. Sinaga, Roeskani Siska Fibriliani Sahat Sri Hartoyo Sri Hartoyo Suarsih, Siti Syamsul Hidayat Pasaribu Syarifah Amaliah Tauhid Ahmad Tobing, Adil Toni Bakhtiar Tony Liwang Triane Widya Anggriani Trias Andati Ungkap Pasaribu Vionencia P.S. Faria Freitas Wibisono Chandra Widhiyanto, Iman Widyastutik Yandra Arkeman Yani Mulyaningsih Zednita Azriani Zednita Azriani Zednita Azriani Zenal Asikin