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Diferensiasi Gelatin Sapi dan Babi pada Cangkang Kapsul Keras Menggunakan metode Kombinasi Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi dan Kemometrik Zilhadia, Zilhadia; Syafiqoh, Fathmah; Betha, Ofa Suzanti
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 9 No 2 (2022): J Sains Farm Klin 9(2), Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.9.2.88-94.2022

Gelatin sapi dan babi merupakan bahan utama pembuatan cangkang kapsul keras. Gelatin babi tidak boleh dikonsumsi oleh Muslim sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis pembeda gelatin sapi dan babi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendiferensiasi gelatin sapi dan babi pada cangkang kapsul keras menggunakan metode kombinasi Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi (KCKT) dan Kemometrik menu Principal Komponen Analisis(PCA). Gelatin di ekstraksi dari cangkang kapsul keras dan langsung dihidrolisis menggunakan teknik hidrolisis asam, diinjeksikan ke dalam alat KCKT dan tinggi puncak kromatogram setiap asam amino penyusun gelatin dianalisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa asam amino penyusun gelatin dapat dipisahkan dengan baik oleh KCKT. Gelatin standar dan gelatin dari cangkang kapsul dengan sumber hewan yang sama memiliki komposisi asam amino yang sama. Dengan demikian, PCA dapat mengklasifikasikan sumber gelatin pada cangkang kapsul simulasi. Namun penelitian ini belum berhasil mengidentifikasi sumber gelatin cangkang kapsul komersialÂ

Formulasi Emulgel Gamma Oryzanol dengan Menggunakan Carbopol sebagai Gelling Agent Dahlizar, Sabrina; Nurkhasanah, Nurkhasanah; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Anggraeni, Yuni
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 9 No 2 (2022): J Sains Farm Klin 9(2), Agustus 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.9.2.129-137.2022

Gamma-oryzanol merupakan senyawa antioksidan alami yang diperoleh dari minyak dedak padi atau yang lebih dikenal dengan rice bran oil (RBO). Gamma-oryzanol diketahui dapat melindungi kulit dari radiasi ultraviolet dan meningkatkan kelembaban kulit, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antikerut dan pelembab kulit di bidang kosmetik. Terdapat dua komponen penting yang menentukan sifat fisik emulgel, yaitu emulgator dan gelling agent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengaruh variasi konsentrasi polimer karbopol 940 sebagai gelling agent terhadap sifat fisik emulgel gamma-oryzanol.Â Konsentrasi karbopol 940 yang digunakan dalam formulasi adalah 0,5% (pada F1), 0,75% (pada F2) dan 1 % (pada F3). Evaluasi sifat dan stabilitas fisik sediaan emulgel dilakukan terhadap beberapa parameter uji, yaitu pengamatan organoleptis, pengukuran diameter globul rata-rata, penentuan pH, penentuan sifat alir dan kekentalan, uji daya sebar dan uji sentrifugasi.Â Evaluasi stabilitas fisik sediaan emulgel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penyimpanan pada suhu 4oC, 26Â±2oC dan 40oC, uji cycling test dan uji sentrifugasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi konsentrasi karbopol 940 berpengaruh terhadap sifat dan stabilitas fisik sediaan. Peningkatan konsentrasi karbopol 940 menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan viskositas emulgel dan ukuran diameter globul rata-rata, serta Â penurunan daya sebar. Uji stabilitas fisik menunjukkan ketiga formula sediaan emulgel gamma-oryzanol mengalami perubahan nilai parameter uji yang tidak bermakna pada sifat organoleptis. Berdasarkan hasil uji sentrifugasi, emulgel yang mengandung Carbopol 0,75% (F2) memiliki stabilitas fisik terbaik.Â

A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of Oral Dosage Form Administered in The Form of Suspension to ICU Patients at Hospital X Suryani, Nelly; Anwar, Vidia Arliani; Saibi, Yardi; Dhilasari, Estu Mahanani; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Komala, Ismiarni; Azzahra, Afifah Nurnishrina
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol 6, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v6i2.41341

Patients in the intensive care unit were often very sick and had lost consciousness. Because they had trouble swallowing, individuals with reduced awareness frequently depended on enteral tubes (NGT) for their daily medical and nutritional requirements. Since not all medications were accessible in parenteral forms, patients who relied on enteral tubes often had issues, including drug stability. Many problems arose in clinical usage when the medication was crushed or suspended and put into the NGT, including drug obstruction in the enteral tube and a reduction in drug stability as a result of the dose form being altered, making the drug unstable. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the stability of oral suspension medications given to intensive care unit patients. The medical records of intensive care unit patients who had received oral medication therapy at X Hospital in Jakarta were examined retrospectively using a cross-sectional, descriptive approach. According to the statistics, coated tablets accounted for 68% of the most frequently used oral medication preparations. It was highly likely that crushing the coated tablets and administering them via NGT had resulted in tube obstruction. Additionally, 59.26% of the medications used had exhibited hygroscopic qualities, and several had been readily hydrolyzed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that oral medications, particularly crushed-coated tablets, could negatively affect drug stability. Active substances with hygroscopic properties and those prone to hydrolysis were also identified as potential contributors to instability.

Physical-chemical stability test on spray gel with active compound ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) and menthol, using combination gelling agent na cmc and copovidone Suryani, Nelly; Komala, Ismiarni; Akhsani, Luthfia Wikhdatul; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Rahmat, Deni
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 22 No 2 (2024): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v22i2.1626

The major component of galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga Linn) is ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS), which amounts to 80.05%. Significant anti-inflammatory activity is exhibited by EPMS from galangal rhizome through the inhibition of carrageenan-induced mouse edema and the inhibition of IL-6 production. EPMC is recognized for various pharmacological effects, particularly its potential as a wound healing agent due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The choice of spray was made because it meets the characteristics of anti-inflammatory preparations in the wound healing process. The preparation must be moist, easily adjusted to the shape of the wound (flexible), sterile, and evenly distributed, covering the tissue, and can be easily removed from the tissue, including the wound. A spray gel dosage form was formulated with varying concentrations of the gelling agent Na CMC, F1 (0.5%), F2 (1.0%), and F3 (1.5%). Physical stability was evaluated at room temperature storage on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Organoleptics, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spray pattern, adhesive spread ability, centrifugation test, and cycling test were evaluated. Chemical stability evaluation was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to assess the EPMS levels in the preparation. The results of the physical evaluation showed that all formulas were stable in terms of organoleptics, homogeneity, and pH, which was in the range of 6.6–7.1; the weight per spray was uniform and relatively stable in centrifugation and cycling tests. The use of a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and copovidone can produce a spray gel preparation of a good aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga Linn) crystal with a 1%.

The Effect of Gelatin and Propylene Glycol on the Penetration Rate of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Leaf Extract Gel Dahlizar, Sabrina; Anggraeni, Yuni; Munfarikhatin, Atina; Suryani, Nelly; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Zilhadia, Zilhadia; Fajriah, Sofa; Septama, Abdi Wira; Handayani, Maulina; Herdini, Herdini
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol 7, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v7i1.43891

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant known for its potential in scar treatment due to the presence of asiaticoside, a compound capable of promoting skin cell tissue repair. However, the large molecular size of asiaticoside hinders its penetration through the skin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gelatin and propylene glycol on the transdermal penetration of asiaticoside from a gel formulation containing Centella asiatica leaf extract. Four different formulations were tested: a control (F1, without gelatin or propylene glycol); one with 15% propylene glycol (F2); one with 4% gelatin (F3); and one with 4% gelatin and 15% propylene glycol (F4). The physical characteristics of the formulations were assessed using several parameters: organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, centrifugation, spreadability, viscosity, and rheological behaviour. Penetration studies were performed using a Franz Diffusion Cell with a Whatman No. 1 membrane (pre-coated with Spangler solution) for 360 minutes. The penetration data were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with a C18 BEH column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm particle size). The results showed that each formulation exhibited distinct characteristics. The study findings indicated that both gelatin and propylene glycol, as well as their combination, significantly influenced the penetration of asiaticoside in the gel formulation. Propylene glycol, functioning as a penetration enhancer, was found to increase the penetration of asiaticoside in both gelatin-based and liquid formulations.

Analysis of the Entrapment Efficiency of Thymoquinone in Microcapsules of Black Cumin Seed Oil (Nigella sativa L.) Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Ofa Suzanti Betha; Supandi, Supandi; Addina Syahida; Boy Reynaldi Noor; Nelly Suryani; Sabrina Dahlizar; Yuni Anggraeni; Barita J. Siregar; Zilhadia
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v6i1.27545

Thymoquinone is the main active compound found in black cumin seed oil (Nigella sativa). This study intends to analyze the efficiency of its absorption in microcapsules by the ionic gelation of cross-linked alginate and the CaCl2 method, and loading with black cumin seed oil in a concentration of 20%. Thymoquinone was used as a marker to establish quality standards for this microcapsule preparation. Analysis of thymoquinone in microcapsules was performed using a pre-optimized, high-performance liquid chromatography method. Method optimization utilized an Acclaim® Polar Advantage II (C18) column with a flow speed of 1.5 mL/min, a UV detector wavelength of 252 nm, and an injection volume of 20 μL with an isocratic system on a methanol eluent composition: water (70:30). This method revealed a good linearity value (r = 0.9997) in the range of 0.5 – 500 μg/ml. The detection and quantitation limits were 8.67 μg/mL and 28.9 μg/mL, (%diff) was about -1.864 to 1.562, precision (% RSD) was 0.052 to 0.113%, and the recovery was 98.135 to 101.563%. The results of this method validation were then applied to determine thymoquinone loading in black cumin seed oil microcapsules. The results of the absorption efficiency value of black cumin seed oil microcapsules by the ionic gelation alginate and CaCl2 method, which contained 20% oil concentration in the formula, were 81.769%.

The Effect of Gelatin and Propylene Glycol on the Penetration Rate of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Leaf Extract Geleaf Extract Gel Dahlizar, Sabrina; Anggraeni, Yuni; Munfarikhatin, Atina; Suryani, Nelly; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Zilhadia; Fajriah, Sofa; Septama, Abdi Wira; Handayani, Maulina; Herdini
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/w7prk175

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant known for its potential in scar treatment due to the presence of asiaticoside, a compound capable of promoting skin cell tissue repair. However, the large molecular size of asiaticoside hinders its penetration through the skin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gelatin and propylene glycol on the transdermal penetration of asiaticoside from a gel formulation containing Centella asiatica leaf extract. Four different formulations were tested: a control (F1, without gelatin or propylene glycol); one with 15% propylene glycol (F2); one with 4% gelatin (F3); and one with 4% gelatin and 15% propylene glycol (F4). The physical characteristics of the formulations were assessed using several parameters: organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, centrifugation, spreadability, viscosity, and rheological behaviour. Penetration studies were performed using a Franz Diffusion Cell with a Whatman No. 1 membrane (pre-coated with Spangler solution) for 360 minutes. The penetration data were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with a C18 BEH column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm particle size). The results showed that each formulation exhibited distinct characteristics. The study findings indicated that both gelatin and propylene glycol, as well as their combination, significantly influenced the penetration of asiaticoside in the gel formulation. Propylene glycol, functioning as a penetration enhancer, was found to increase the penetration of asiaticoside in both gelatin-based and liquid formulations.

Review Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Tanaman Berkhasiat terhadap Tulang dan Sendi menurut Al-Qanun Fi’l Tibb II Siregar, Barita Juliano; Sangadji, Sarah Nahdah Zhaafirah; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Dhilasari, Estu Mahanani
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v4i2.25611

Al-Qanun Fi’l Tibb II merupakan buku materia medica karya Ibnu Sina yang terkenal di dunia. Buku tersebut menjelaskan secara rinci mengenai monografi tanaman berkhasiat terhadap organ tubuh, salah satunya terhadap tulang dan sendi. Akan tetapi dalam buku tersebut belum memuat komponen major metabolit sekunder yang diduga berperan penting dalam memberikan efek farmakologis. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menginventarisasi tumbuhan yang terdapat di dalam buku Al-Qanun Fi’l Tibb II dan melakukan literatur review terkait kandungan metabolit sekunder yang terdapat dalam tanaman tersebut. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan literature review melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil pengambilan data menunjukan terdapat 74 tanaman yang berkhasiat terhadap tulang dan sendi diantaranya memiliki komponen major metabolit sekunder seperti senyawa terpen, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, alil isotiosianat, saponin, glikosida, alkohol lemak, asam fenolat, benzofenon, kuinon, sekoiridoid, kumarin, stilbene, anthrone, naftalen, benzaldehida dan asam karboksilat. Terpen merupakan metabolit sekunder yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam tanaman yang berkhasiat terhadap tulang dan sendi. Bioaktivitas yang ditemukan pada tanaman diantaranya antigout, antioksidan, osteoprotektif, antiosteoporosis, antibakteri, antiinflamasi dan analgesik.

A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study of Oral Dosage Form Administered in The Form of Suspension to ICU Patients at Hospital X Suryani, Nelly; Anwar, Vidia Arliani; Saibi, Yardi; Dhilasari, Estu Mahanani; Dahlizar, Sabrina; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Komala, Ismiarni; Azzahra, Afifah Nurnishrina
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v6i2.41341

Patients in the intensive care unit were often very sick and had lost consciousness. Because they had trouble swallowing, individuals with reduced awareness frequently depended on enteral tubes (NGT) for their daily medical and nutritional requirements. Since not all medications were accessible in parenteral forms, patients who relied on enteral tubes often had issues, including drug stability. Many problems arose in clinical usage when the medication was crushed or suspended and put into the NGT, including drug obstruction in the enteral tube and a reduction in drug stability as a result of the dose form being altered, making the drug unstable. Thus, this study aimed to ascertain the stability of oral suspension medications given to intensive care unit patients. The medical records of intensive care unit patients who had received oral medication therapy at X Hospital in Jakarta were examined retrospectively using a cross-sectional, descriptive approach. According to the statistics, coated tablets accounted for 68% of the most frequently used oral medication preparations. It was highly likely that crushing the coated tablets and administering them via NGT had resulted in tube obstruction. Additionally, 59.26% of the medications used had exhibited hygroscopic qualities, and several had been readily hydrolyzed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that oral medications, particularly crushed-coated tablets, could negatively affect drug stability. Active substances with hygroscopic properties and those prone to hydrolysis were also identified as potential contributors to instability.

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