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All Journal Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Jurnal Media Analis Kesehatan Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Bosowa Journal of Education Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Media Implementasi Riset Kesehatan Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan
Budirman, Budirman
Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan, Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar
Chemistry Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Penilaian Risiko Kesehatan Akibat Pajanan Mikroplastik Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) dalam Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kelurahan Tamangapa, Makassar Menggunakan Metode Environmental Health Risk Assessment Kasim, Setiawan; Dullah, Arif Atul Mahmuda; Budirman, Budirman; Putri, Vicky Milenia Ramadhina
Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Vol 25 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/sulo.v25i2.1779

Abstract

Microplastic contamination in drinking water has emerged as a global public health concern. This study aimed to analyze the exposure of microplastics, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET), in refillable drinking water using the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) method. A total of 20 water samples were collected from refill stations in Tamangapa Village, Makassar City. Microscopic analysis identified 104 microplastic particles, predominantly in the form of fibers (line shape) with dominant colors of blue (39 items) and transparent (27 items). Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PET as the major polymer, along with smaller amounts of polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene vinyl acetate. The concentration of microplastics varied between 0.001 mg/kg and 0.030 mg/kg. Exposure assessment involving 100 respondents revealed that average water intake was 210 mg/kg/day, with an exposure frequency of 350 days/year. Non-carcinogenic intake projections over 5–30 years indicated increasing exposure levels, with mean values ranging from 0.0040 to 0.0242 mg/kg/day, surpassing the reference dose (RfD = 0.0004 mg/kg/day). Risk characterization showed that the Risk Quotient (RQ) values consistently exceeded 1, ranging from 10.07 to 60.47, indicating an unacceptable health risk. Lower body weight was associated with higher susceptibility to microplastic toxicity. These findings highlight that long-term consumption of refillable drinking water contaminated with PET microplastics poses significant non-carcinogenic health risks to the local population. Strengthening monitoring systems, improving water treatment processes, and formulating targeted public health policies are urgently required to mitigate microplastic exposure. Keywords : Microplastics; polyethylene terephthalate (PET); refillable drinking water; environmental health risk assessment; risk quotient
Analisis Faktor Risiko Cemaran Mikroba pada Depot Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Makassar Kasim, Khiki Purnawati; Haerani, Haerani; Budirman, Budirman; Stientje, Stientje
Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat Vol 25 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Sulolipu: Media Komunikasi Sivitas Akademika dan Masyarakat
Publisher : Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/sulo.v25i2.1828

Abstract

Refillable drinking water (AMIU) is a practical solution for the people of Makassar City in meeting their daily drinking water needs. However, its microbiological quality is often questioned due to contamination of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Coliform. Studies show that 45% of refillable drinking water depots (DAMIUs) in Makassar are contaminated with E. coli, which has the potential to cause gastrointestinal diseases. Examination data from the Health Office has identified DAMIU that is positive for contamination, while risk factors such as hygiene and sanitation, treatment methods, and handling practices by operators have not been widely studied. This study aims to identify contaminated DAMIU and analyze risk factors for microbial contamination to formulate recommendations for improvement. The research design used a cross-sectional method with two stages, namely analysis of secondary data from the Health Office's examination results to map E. coli positive DAMIU, as well as field surveys through hygiene-sanitation observation and operator interviews. The analysis was carried out quantitatively using the Microbial Risk Assessment (MRA) approach. The results showed 7 E. coli positive DAMIU with levels of 4–30 CFU/100 ml. The Probability of Illness (Pill) value ranges from 2.8 × 10⁻¹ to 3.5 × 10⁻¹, indicating a high risk (28–35%) of water-based diseases such as diarrhea and gastroenteritis. All DAMIU studied did not meet the microbiological standards of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023. Poor hygiene-sanitary factors, suboptimal water treatment methods, and unhygienic operator behavior are the main causes of contamination. Increased supervision, routine microbiological examinations, operator training, and disciplined maintenance of equipment, as well as public awareness are needed to choose a certified hygienic and sanitation depot. Keywords : Microbial contamination; risk factors; DAMIU
Effectiveness of Integration of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor and Activated Carbon in Treating Wastewater from Health Center Mahmud, Inayah; Budirman, Budirman; Sahani, Wahyuni; Khaer, Ain
Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan Vol. 54 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/bpk.v54i1.4407

Abstract

Background: The integration of MBBR and activated carbon merges effective biological degradation with superior adsorption capabilities, enhancing pollutant removal while addressing the limitations of each technology individually. This hybrid system is ideal for small facilities, offering comprehensive, cost-effective wastewater treatment with a flexible design and low operational costs. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of hybrid Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) and activated carbon technology for wastewater treatment of health centers in Makassar City. Methods: The research was conducted experimentally using three variations of contact time (2, 4, and 6 hours), and the physical and chemical parameters measured, namely Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia (NH₃), temperature, and pH, were measured before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test to test differences between treatments and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test to evaluate the significance of differences before and after treatment. Results: The results showed that this hybrid system reduced BOD by 80.41%, COD by 81.40%, and NH₃ by 79.38%, with the highest efficiency achieved at a contact time of 6 hours. Temperature (28-28.5°C) and pH (7.2-7.9) remained stable throughout the treatment process, supporting the performance of microorganisms in MBBR. The novelty of this research lies in the combination of MBBR biodegradation mechanism with activated carbon adsorption, which not only improves the pollutant removal efficiency but also enables its application to small-scale health facilities such as public health center with simple design and low operational cost. Conclusion: This technology offers a practical and sustainable solution for wastewater management in primary healthcare facilities, significantly contributing to developing environmentally friendly technologies and supporting policy-making related to wastewater management in Indonesia.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa Kelas VI tentang Pencegahan Kecacingan melalui Penyuluhan Kesehatan Interaktif di SD Inpres Baraya 1 Makassar Juherah Juherah; Budirman Budirman; Erlani Erlani
Media Implementasi Riset Kesehatan Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Media Implementasi Riset Kesehatan (Juni)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mirk.v7i1.2117

Abstract

Kecacingan merupakan masalah kesehatan yang prevalensinya masih tinggi pada anak usia sekolah dasar dan berdampak pada pertumbuhan, status gizi, serta kemampuan belajar, dengan rendahnya pengetahuan dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS) sebagai faktor risiko utama yang perlu ditangani melalui intervensi edukatif. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan siswa tentang kecacingan dan upaya pencegahannya melalui penyuluhan kesehatan. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di UPT SD Inpres Baraya 1 Makassar pada bulan Oktober 2025 dengan sasaran siswa kelas VI sebanyak 23 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan kesehatan secara edukatif dan interaktif melalui presentasi, diskusi, tanya jawab, permainan edukatif, serta pembagian leaflet. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan desain pretest–posttest untuk menilai perubahan tingkat pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan siswa pada seluruh aspek yang dinilai, meliputi pengertian kecacingan, jenis-jenis cacing, penyebab, dampak, serta pencegahan kecacingan, dengan nilai pretest pada rentang 56–65% meningkat menjadi 91–96% pada posttest. Penyuluhan kesehatan terbukti efektif meningkatkan pemahaman siswa mengenai penerapan PHBS sebagai strategi pencegahan kecacingan pada anak usia sekolah
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Implementasi Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) Di Pulau Kodingareng Muh.Ikbal Arif; Budirman Budirman; Analta Abdullah Latief
Media Implementasi Riset Kesehatan Vol 7 No 1 (2026): Media Implementasi Riset Kesehatan (Juni)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/mirk.v7i1.2332

Abstract

Sanitasi Total Berbasis Masyarakat (STBM) merupakan pendekatan pemberdayaan masyarakat yang bertujuan meningkatkan perilaku higiene dan sanitasi melalui penerapan lima pilar STBM. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran, dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di Pulau Kodingareng, Kota Makassar. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada tanggal 18–20 November 2024 melalui tahapan advokasi, pemicuan, monitoring, dan evaluasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan partisipatif melalui pemicuan STBM yang melibatkan masyarakat dalam identifikasi permasalahan sanitasi lingkungan, diskusi kelompok, observasi lapangan, serta penyusunan komitmen bersama. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pelaksanaan pemicuan sebagian masyarakat masih memiliki pemahaman yang terbatas mengenai konsep STBM dan penerapan lima pilar STBM. Setelah kegiatan berlangsung, masyarakat menunjukkan respons yang positif serta peningkatan pemahaman mengenai pentingnya penerapan Stop Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (SBS), Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS), Pengolahan Air Minum dan Makanan Rumah Tangga (PAMM-RT), Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga (PSRT), dan Pengelolaan Limbah Cair Rumah Tangga (PLCRT). Kegiatan ini juga berhasil meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai hubungan antara sanitasi lingkungan dan kesehatan serta mendorong terbentuknya komitmen untuk menerapkan perilaku sanitasi yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian, pemicuan STBM dapat menjadi salah satu strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam mendukung perbaikan perilaku sanitasi dan kesehatan lingkungan secara berkelanjutan.
Kombinasi Koagulasi-Filtrasi Berbahan Lokal Kepulauan dalam Mengurangi Kadar Kekeruhan Pada Air Sumur Gali Di Pulau Barrang Caddi, Kota Makassar Muhammad Aidil Fitrah; Agus Bintara Birawida; Ain Khaer; Blego Sedionoto; Budirman Budirman
Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Vol 20 No 1 (2025): Media Kesehatan
Publisher : Direktorat Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/medkes.v20i1.1328

Abstract

Small islands often face challenges in providing clean water, including the poor quality of dug wells on Barrang Caddi Island. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of coagulation using moringa seeds and filtration using pumice and mangrove charcoal in reducing turbidity and improving water quality. The study design is a quasi-experimental study using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. Samples were purposively selected from one dug well with the highest TDS value that is actively used. The treatment was conducted in three replicates to ensure consistency and reliability of the results. The coagulation process used Moringa oleifera at a dose of 350 mg/l, while filtration used pumice and activated charcoal media with a thickness of 60 cm. Effectiveness was calculated based on the difference in turbidity levels before and after treatment and analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis. The results showed significant differences in all methods applied (p = 0.016). Moringa seed coagulation reduced turbidity by 26.85%, pumice filtration by 68.72%, activated carbon filtration by 79.96%, and the coagulation-filtration combination by 74.80%. Activated carbon filtration demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity. This study concluded that the combination of coagulation and filtration is a practical and applicable solution for addressing clean water issues in coastal and island regions. Keywords: Coagulation; Filtration; Moringa Seeds; Pumice; Activated Charcoal from Mangrove Wood
Faktor Predisposisi, Klasifikasi Subgrup, Biomarker dan Mekanisme Pencegahan Obesitas : Tinjauan Pustaka Mira Andini; Budirman Budirman; Besse Uswatun Hasanah
Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Vol 20 No 1 (2025): Media Kesehatan
Publisher : Direktorat Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/medkes.v20i1.1414

Abstract

Obesity has emerged as a critical global public health challenge, driven by multifactorial predisposing elements such as sociodemographics, behavior, genetics, and obesogenic environmental factors. This systematic literature review synthesizes evidence on obesity subgroups (e.g., metabolically healthy obesity [MHO], metabolically unhealthy obesity [MUO]), biomarkers (microRNA, adipokines, oxidative stress markers, gut microbiota, and lipid accumulation product index), and prevention strategies. A systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (2010–2023) identified peer-reviewed studies addressing the etiology, classification, and interventions for obesity. Key findings highlight the interaction between early-life nutritional deficiencies and subsequent metabolic dysregulation, the role of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in refining the obesity phenotype, and the diagnostic potential of biomarkers such as miR-222 and leptin. Prevention strategies, including school-based nutrition education, taxes on ultra-processed foods, and bariatric surgery for severe cases, demonstrate varying efficacy across populations. This review emphasizes the need for a multidimensional approach tailored to regional contexts, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where the dual burden of malnutrition persists. By integrating evidence of genetic-environmental interactions and new biomarkers, this research provides actionable insights for policymakers and health practitioners to reduce the growing burden of obesity. Keywords: predisposing factors, subgroup classification, biomarkers, prevention mechanisms, obesity
Uji Kemampuan Bonggol Pisang Sebagai Nutrisi Mikroorganisme Dalam Mendegradasi Sampah Rumah Tangga Menjadi Kompos Ain Khaer; Gyta Jeans; Budirman Budirman; Erwinda Alwi Rachman
Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Vol 19 No 1 (2024): Media Kesehatan
Publisher : Direktorat Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32382/medkes.v19i1.533

Abstract

Waste is waste resulting from activities from households, offices and others. The amount of waste generated nationally is 175,000 tons per day or the equivalent of 64 million tons per year if using environmental assumptions, which can cause various problems including: beauty and comfort as well as human health problems, both within the individual, family and community scope.This research aims to determine the ability of local microorganisms from banana weevils in the household waste composting process to speed up decomposition. The type of research used in this research is a field experiment by carrying out treatment tests three times. The results of the research showed that compost with the addition of 150 ml MOL banana weevils took 20 days for composting, whereas for compost with the addition of 100 ml MOL banana weevils the composting time took 21 days and for compost with the addition of 50 ml MOL banana weevils for 21 days. The length of composting time is greatly influenced by the microorganisms present in the MOL added to the compost. Based on SNI 7030- 2004, the size of the material used for compost maturity requirements such as the C/N ratio has a value of (10-20):1. The conclusion of this research is that banana weevil MOL is able to degrade waste into compost according to SNI standards. From the three tests that have been carried out, the most effective result is the addition of 150ml of banana weevil MOL. It is better for people to use banana weevils as compost and for agricultural purposes because they can degrade waste.
Co-Authors Agus Bintara Birawida Ain Khaer Ain Khaer Ain Khaer Analta Abdullah Latief Andini, Mira Arif, Muh.Ikbal Artati Artati Artati, Artati Azizah, Nurfitriani Batari, Andi Ayu Indriani Besse Uswatun Hasanah Blego Sedionoto, Blego Citrawati Citrawati Djasang, Syahida Dullah, Arif Atul Mahmuda Erlani Erwinda Alwi Rachman Gyta Jeans Haerani Haerani Hasan, Zulfikar Ali Hasfat, Hamsar Janna, Miftahul juherah juherah Kalma Kalma Kasim, Setiawan Khaer, Ain Khiki Purnawati Kasim Khiki Purnawati Kasim, Khiki Purnawati Mahmud, Inayah Mas'ud Muhammadiah Mas’ud, Hikmawati Mira Andini Muh.Ikbal Arif Muhammad Aidil Fitrah Nur Fitra Nur Magfira Haerunnisya Putri, Vicky Milenia Ramadhina Rafidah Rafidah Rahmaniah, Rahmaniah Rasjid, Ashari Risma Novianti sahani, Wahyuni Siska Siska Siti Rachmawati Stientje, Stientje Sulasmi Sulasmi Sulasmi Suryadi, Iwan Syahida Djasang Syamsuddin Virny Dwiya Lestari Zaenab Zaenab Zaenab Zulfian Armah