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Perbandingan Tingkat Kepuasan Kerja Perawat dan Kepuasan Pasien Noras, Jamilla Upik; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi
Kesmas Vol. 6, No. 5
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Perawat adalah ujung tombak pemberi pelayanan langsung pada pasien selama 24 jam. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk membandingkan tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat dengan kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan keperawatan kelas 3 di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) X Jakarta. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain studi cross sectional, pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Populasi adalah seluruh perawat yang bertugas sebagai pelaksana keperawatan kelas 3 sebanyak 40 orang ser- ta pasien yang dirawat di ruang rawat inap kelas 3 sebanyak 120 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Hasil pengukuran kuantitatif menunjukkan bah- wa tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana di kelas 3 dikategorikan “ren- dah”, (22,5%) sedangkan tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap layanan keperawatan sebesar 85,0% (nilai p > 0,05). Ketidakpuasan kerja perawat yang tinggi tidak berdampak pada kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan keperawatan. Untuk perbaikan ketidakpuasan kerja perawat, manajemen rumah sakit sebaiknya meninjau kembali kebijakan tentang pakaian dinas, menu makanan pada saat jaga, dan merancang kamar ganti perawat. Selain itu, perlu dilakukan perhitungan jasa pelayanan perawat dengan memperhatikan risiko keterpaparan terhadap penyakit. Supervisor diharapkan dapat lebih membuka diri untuk mendengarkan masalah yang dihadapi perawat pelaksana melalui komunikasi dan hubungan interpersonal secara informal. Nurses are front liner in providing nursing services directly to customers for 24 hours. The purpose of this study was to compare the level of job sa- tisfaction of nurses to patient satisfaction in the third class departement in general hospital of Jakarta. This study was a cross sectional study designed with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study population was all nurses who served as executive nurses (40 nurses) and patients treated in the inpatient (120 patients). Sampling was conducted purposively according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of quantitative measurements showed that the level of job satisfaction of nurses categorized as “low” (22,5%), while the level of patient satisfaction on nursing service at 85,0% (p value > 0,05). The high job dissatisfaction of nurses had no impact on patient satisfaction. To decrease the job dissatisfaction of nurses, hospital management should review the policy on official clothing, meals at the guard, and design the locker room of nurses. It also performed the cal- culation of nursing services with the risk of exposure to disease and supervisors more open to listen the problems faced by nurses with communication and informal interpersonal relationships.

Exclusive Breastfeeding Intention among Pregnant Women Permatasari, Tria Astika Endah; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Achadi, Endang Laksminingsih; Purwono, Urip; Irawati, Anies; Ocviyanti, Dwiana; Martha, Evi
Kesmas Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah intensi ibu untuk memberikan hanya ASI pada bayinya sejak dilahirkan hingga berusia enam bulan. Intensi pada periode prenatal merupakan penentu langsung pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu hamil di sebuah rumah sakit ibu dan anak di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang dilakukan secara primer. Sampel berjumlah 143 ibu hamil trimester ketiga dipilih secara purposive sampling. Intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif diukur menggunakan kuesioner the Infant Feeding Intentions scale. Sedangkan sikap, norma subjektif dan persepsi kontrol perilaku dinilai menggunakan modifikasi kuesioner Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistik ganda. Sebanyak 61,5% ibu memiliki intensi kuat memberikan ASI eksklusif. Persepsi kontrol perilaku paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif, (p=0,007; Odds Ratio 3,030; 95% CI 1,361-6,746). Faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan intensi adalah sikap, keterpaparan ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif dari media sosial, dukungan tenaga kesehatan, pengalaman menyusui sebelumnya, dan pekerjaan ibu dengan persepsi kontrol perilaku tinggi berpeluang tiga kali lebih besar memiliki ‘intensi tinggi’ untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu berpersepsi kontrol perilaku rendah. Exclusive breastfeeding intention is a mother’s intention to provide her baby only breast milk since the infant was born until at the age of 6 months. Intention in prenatal period is the direct affirmation of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to find out the most dominant factor related to exclusive breastfeeding intention among pregnant women at a mother and child hospital in South Tangerang. A cross-sectional study design was conducted primarily. The samples were 143 pregnant women on their third trimester pregnancy selected by purposive sampling. Intention was measured by the Infant Feeding Intention scale questionnaire. Meanwhile, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were measured by the modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. It was 61.5% mother had strong exclusive breastfeeding intention. Perceived behavioral control dominantly influenced the exclusive breastfeeding intention (p value = 0.007; Odds Ratio 3.030; 95% CI = 1.361 6.746). The other factors influencing intention were attitude, exposure to exclusive breastfeeding from social media, health workers’ support, previous breastfeeding experience and mothers’ occupation. A mother with high perceived behavioral control has three times more likely to have ‘high exclusive breastfeeding intention’ than those having the low ones.

Obesity as Type 2 Diabetes Common Comorbidity: Study of Type 2 Diabetes Patients’ Eating Behaviour and Other Determinants in Jakarta, Indonesia Fajarini, Isna Aulia; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi
Kesmas Vol. 13, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Obesity is one of the comorbidities widely occurred among type 2 diabetes patients. It is one of the most modifiable risk factors for the prevention of other comorbid conditions such as diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to recognize eating behaviour, physical activity, and other related factors, also their correlation with obesity as comorbidity among type 2 diabetes patients. Using cross-sectional design, data were collected from purposively selected 133 members of “PROLANIS” in Jatinegara Primary Health Care, East Jakarta. Food intake was assessed by 1x24 hours food recall and FFQ, physical activity by GPAQ. The result showed 63,9% of adult with type 2 diabetes were obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), fat intake was higher than recommendation (30,77±9,06%), but mean energy intake was insufficient compared to energy requirement (62,06±23,67%). The prevalence of obesity among adults with type 2 diabetes is found associated with nutrition knowledge, level of education, and length of suffering type 2 diabetes. Nutrition education is important to reduce the prevalence of obesity among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Exclusive Breastfeeding Intention among Pregnant Women Permatasari, Tria Astika Endah; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Achadi, Endang Laksminingsih; Purwono, Urip; Irawati, Anies; Ocviyanti, Dwiana; Martha, Evi
Kesmas Vol. 12, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah intensi ibu untuk memberikan hanya ASI pada bayinya sejak dilahirkan hingga berusia enam bulan. Intensi pada periode prenatal merupakan penentu langsung pemberian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif pada ibu hamil di sebuah rumah sakit ibu dan anak di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang dilakukan secara primer. Sampel berjumlah 143 ibu hamil trimester ketiga dipilih secara purposive sampling. Intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif diukur menggunakan kuesioner the Infant Feeding Intentions scale. Sedangkan sikap, norma subjektif dan persepsi kontrol perilaku dinilai menggunakan modifikasi kuesioner Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi logistik ganda. Sebanyak 61,5% ibu memiliki intensi kuat memberikan ASI eksklusif. Persepsi kontrol perilaku paling dominan berhubungan dengan intensi pemberian ASI eksklusif, (p=0,007; Odds Ratio 3,030; 95% CI 1,361-6,746). Faktor lainnya yang berhubungan dengan intensi adalah sikap, keterpaparan ibu terhadap ASI eksklusif dari media sosial, dukungan tenaga kesehatan, pengalaman menyusui sebelumnya, dan pekerjaan ibu dengan persepsi kontrol perilaku tinggi berpeluang tiga kali lebih besar memiliki ‘intensi tinggi’ untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu berpersepsi kontrol perilaku rendah. Exclusive breastfeeding intention is a mother’s intention to provide her baby only breast milk since the infant was born until at the age of 6 months. Intention in prenatal period is the direct affirmation of exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to find out the most dominant factor related to exclusive breastfeeding intention among pregnant women at a mother and child hospital in South Tangerang. A cross-sectional study design was conducted primarily. The samples were 143 pregnant women on their third trimester pregnancy selected by purposive sampling. Intention was measured by the Infant Feeding Intention scale questionnaire. Meanwhile, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were measured by the modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. It was 61.5% mother had strong exclusive breastfeeding intention. Perceived behavioral control dominantly influenced the exclusive breastfeeding intention (p value = 0.007; Odds Ratio 3.030; 95% CI = 1.361 6.746). The other factors influencing intention were attitude, exposure to exclusive breastfeeding from social media, health workers’ support, previous breastfeeding experience and mothers’ occupation. A mother with high perceived behavioral control has three times more likely to have ‘high exclusive breastfeeding intention’ than those having the low ones.

Gangguan Kepadatan Tulang pada Orang Dewasa di Daerah Urban dan Rural Mardiyah, Sarah; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi
Kesmas Vol. 8, No. 6
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Gangguan kepadatan tulang atau osteoporosis dan osteopenia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan gangguan kepadatan tulang pada kelompok usia dewasa di daerah urban dan rural terpilih di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2012. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang dengan sampel 142 responden. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei - Juni 2012 di Pesona Khayangan, Kecamatan Sukmajaya, Kota Depok, sebagai daerah urban dan Desa Pabuaran, Kecamatan Gunung Sindur, Kabupaten Bogor sebagai daerah rural. Prevalensi gangguan kepadatan tulang dalam penelitian ini adalah sekitar 31,7% (4,2% osteoporosis dan 27,5% osteopenia). Analisis multivariat menemukan responden yang mempunyai indeks massa tubuh (IMT) < 23,49 kg/m2 berisiko mengalami gangguan kepadatan tulang 5,5 kali lebih tinggi daripada responden dengan IMT > 27,36 kg/m2. Responden yang mempunyai IMT 23,49 _ 27,36 kg/m2 berisiko mengalami gangguan kepadatan tulang 2,2 kali lebih tinggi daripada responden yang mempunyai IMT > 27,36 kg/m2 setelah dikontrol variabel usia, asupan vitamin D, dan asupan protein. Pada penelitian ini, IMT merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan gangguan kepadatan tulang setelah dikontrol variabel usia, asupan vitamin D, dan asupan protein. Semakin rendah IMT,maka semakin tinggi risiko gangguan kepadatan tulang. Bone density disorder (osteoporosis and osteopenia) is a major public health problem caused by multifactor. The purpose of this study was to find out factors related to adult bone density disorder in the selected urban and rural area, West Java Province, 2012. It used cross-sectional method and the samples were 142 respondents. The data was taken from 2012 May to June in Pesona Khayangan, Kecamatan Sukmajaya, Kota Depok as the urban area and Desa Pabuaran, Kecamatan Gunung Sindur, Kabupaten Bogor as the rural area. Prevalence of bone density disorder in this study was 31.7% (4.2% osteoporosis and 27.5% osteopenia). Multivariate analysis verified that respondent with body mass index (BMI) < 23.49 kg/m2 will 5.5 times higher to have bone density disorder than respondent with BMI > 27.36 kg/m2. Respondent with BMI 23.49 _ 27.36 kg/m2 will 2.2 times higher to have bone density disorder than respondent with BMI > 27.36 kg/m2 after controlled by age, vitamin D and protein intake variable. In this study, BMI is the most related factor of bone density disorder after controlled by age, vitamin D and protein intake variable. The lower BMI, the higher risk of bone density disorder.

Makanan Tabu pada Ibu Hamil Suku Tengger Sholihah, Lini Anisfatus; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi
Kesmas Vol. 8, No. 7
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Ibu hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok berisiko kekurangan gizi karena tabu terhadap makanan masih banyak dijumpai pada masyarakat dengan etnis budaya yang masih kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makanan tabu dan alasannya pada ibu hamil suku Tengger di Ngadas, Malang. Desain studi yang adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode diskusi kelompok terarah pada ibu hamil dan wawancara mendalam dengan tetua masyarakat, keluarga, serta petugas kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makanan yang ditabukan meliputi kelompok buah-buahan, lauk, sayuran, makanan yang dianggap panas, dan makanan yang dianggap tidak lazim, seperti makanan dempet atau kembar. Alasan tabu makanan di Tengger Ngadas karena adanya pendekatan secara simbolik, fungsional, dan nilai atau keagamaan. Diperlukan penyuluhan oleh bidan desa terkait gizi kehamilan pada ibu hamil, kader posyandu, tetua masyarakat, dan keluarga. Ibu hamil perlu didorong untuk mengonsumsi makanan yang bergizi dan tidak memantang makanan yang dapat mengeksklusikan zat gizi tertentu dari dietnya. Pregnant woman is a risk group of malnutrition because of food. Food taboo is still exist in the community with strong culture. This study aimed to know the food taboo among pregnant woman in Tengger in Ngadas, Malang and its reason. Study design used is descriptive qualitative by focus group disscussion method with pregnant woman and indepth interview with elders, family, and health worker. The result shows that food taboo including fruits, side dish, vegetables, ‘hot foods’ group, and unusual foods such as food that stuck together. The reasons for avoiding food are symbolic approach, functional approach, and value or religion. It’s recommended for midwife in village to give information about maternal nutrition to pregnant women, elders, posyandu kader, and family. Pregnant women needs to be encouraged to consume nutritional food and avoid food taboo that can excluse some nutrients from the diet.

Knowledge and Behavior Change of People Living with HIV through Nutrition Education and Counseling Hudayani, Fitri; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi
Kesmas Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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HIV, AIDS, dan gizi saling berhubungan. Pada Unit Pelayanan Terpadu HIV Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, layanan edukasi dan konseling gizi disediakan secara kolaboratif untuk orang yang hidup dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan dan konseling gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku orang yang hidup dengan HIV. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain kuasi eksperimental menggunakan kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari 25 sampel dan 29 sampel untuk kelompok kontrol, dilakukan sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Sampel berusia dewasa antara 18 – 50 tahun dipilih dengan menerapkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel uji-t berpasangan digunakan untuk menganalisis data. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei – Juli 2014. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa adanya efek berupa perubahan pengetahuan (nilai p = 0,000) dengan nilai 6,38 poin lebih rendah pada kelompok kontrol dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dalam perubahan perilaku (nilai p = 0,048) untuk kelompok perlakuan setelah menerima edukasi dan konseling gizi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi dan konseling gizi menggunakan media edukasi yang lebih lengkap dan diberikan secara berkelanjutan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengubah perilaku orang yang hidup dengan HIV. HIV, AIDS and nutrition are interconnected. In the HIV Integrated Care Unit of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Public Hospital, nutrition education and counseling services are provided within a collaborative service for people living with HIV (PLWH). This study aimed to determine influence of nutrition education and counseling to knowledge and behavior of PLWH. This study was conducted with quasi experimental design using treatment and control groups. The treatment group consisted of 25 samples and 29 samples for control group. Samples were adults between 18 – 50 years old selected by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. A pretested questionnaire was used to assess knowledge. Paired t-test sample was used to analyze data. This study was conducted on May – July 2014. Based on results of this study, there was effect in form of knowledge change (p value = 0.000) with score 6.38 point lower on the control group and any significant differences in behavior change (p value = 0.048) for the treatment group after receiving nutrition education and counseling. This study shows that nutrition and counseling using media of education which is more complete and continuously provided may improve knowledge and change behavior of PLWH.

Household Food Expenditure Typology and Its Association with Child Stunting and Anemia in Indonesia Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Yusnita, Yusnita; Ningsih, Winda M; Wulandari, Ririn Arminsih; Pujonarti, Siti A; Wirawan, Fadila
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Stunting and anemia remain the coexisting nutritional problems among Indonesian children. However, evidence of household-level food expenditure and its association with child stunting and anemia is limited. This study aimed to observe the association between household food expenditure typology and child stunting and anemia in Indonesia. Data was obtained from the 2007 and 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS). The household food expenditure, child nutritional status, and anemia were observed in 2007 and 2014. Latent class analysis was taken to identify the food expenditure pattern. Binary logistic regression was applied to analyze the association between household food expenditure patterns and stunting and anemia status. A total of 2,296 children from 2,158 households were included in the study. Household food expenditure was identified into (1) higher processed food, refined grain, and purchased meals; (2) higher fish, seafood, plant protein, vegetables, and beans; and (3) balanced food purchases. Households with Pattern 2 had lower odds of anemia in 12–59-month-olds than Pattern 3 (AOR 0.78, p-value = 0.03, 95% CI). Households with Pattern 2 were likely to have stunted 8–12-year-olds compared to households with Pattern 3 (AOR 1.37, p-value = 0.09, 95% CI). Household food expenditure types may affect children’s nutritional status.

Dietary Diversity as a Dominant Factor of Energy Intake Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Depok City, Indonesia Santoso, Cornelia Lugita; Sartika, Ratu Ayu Dewi; Fikawati, Sandra; Wirawan, Fadila; Putri, Primasti Nuryandari; Shukri, Nurul Husna Mohd
Kesmas Vol. 19, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Maternal nutritional needs increase during lactation. However, the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers usually still falls short of the recommended adequacy levels. This study aimed to identify the dominant factor of energy intake in breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District, Depok City, Indonesia. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design from July 2022 to February 2023. Energy intake, dietary diversity, and eating frequency were collected using 24-hour food recall. Other variables were collected through interviews with structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression. A total of 217 breastfeeding mothers participated in this study. This study found that 78.3% of breastfeeding mothers had inadequate energy intake. Dietary diversity (p-value = 0.032) was the dominant factor associated with the energy intake of breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeeding mothers with non-diverse food consumption were at a 2.507 times higher risk of inadequate energy intake. Energy intake in breastfeeding mothers is related to the sustainability of breastfeeding. However, most breastfeeding mothers in Sawangan District still have insufficient energy intake. Therefore, it is suggested that food supplementation for breastfeeding mothers should be included in promoting exclusive breastfeeding.

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