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Suprayitno Suprayitno
Universitas Negeri Malang
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History of Fire Management in Medan during the Dutch Colonial Period Suprayitno Suprayitno; Wara Sinuhaji; Deo Widika Alamsyah
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 4, No 4 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i4.2792

Abstract

Fire is a disaster that often occurs anywhere regardless of place and time, especially in areas with dense residential concentrations such as urban areas. Therefore, handling fire disasters is an important thing to be done properly so as not to cause casualties and minimize the damage that can result from the fire. Medan during the Dutch colonial period was a city with quite rapid growth in it, especially at the beginning of the 20th century. The increasing number of residents and buildings that stand in Medan is certainly a potential for situations that can cause a fire disaster at any time. Therefore, to be able to provide a sense of security to the residents of Medan from the threat of fire disasters, the Medan City government at that time formed a fire department in 1907 to be able to cope with any fire disasters that would occur in the middle of the city. The fire extinguishers in Medan during the Dutch colonial period certainly had their own challenges and methods based on the conditions and technology at that time in an effort to extinguish every fire that existed. This paper discusses how to handle fires carried out by the Medan City fire department during the colonial period. How to see their ways in anticipating fire disasters and see what resources they have in supporting their work to extinguish fires in the middle of Medan City at that time.
From Labuhan Deli to Belawan: The Removal of Harbor in Medan during the Dutch Colonial Period of 1863-1942 Suprayitno Suprayitno; Ratna Ratna; Rohani Ganie; Handoko Handoko
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v3i2.999

Abstract

One of the effects of industrial development in plantation is the development in shipping and trade. Before the existence of plantations in East Sumatera, shipping and trade in Medan were centered at Labuhan Deli, as a river seaport. Periodically, shipping and trade activities at Labuhan Deli were in export and import from and to Malaya Peninsula (Penang and Malacca) and Singapore. The growth of plantations, of course, needed effective and efficient transportation. After the economy grew and was developed, Labuhan Deli as a river seaport was considered not effective and efficient anymore since ships with large cargoes could not sail on the river. Therefore, the Netherlands East Indies Government made a policy to build a new seaport which was located by the seaside in order to make loading and unloading goods easier. The Netherlands East Indies Government finally selected Belawan to be a new seaport for Medan. The research problems were as follows: how was the existence of Labuhan Deli by the policy of the Netherlands East Indies Government in moving the seaport to Belawan and what was the reason? How were the shipping and trade in Belawan seaport? These questions would be discussed in this research by using archives as the source and several writings published in Medan during the Dutch colonial period. The objective of the research was to describe the economic condition of the plantations which could change various aspects, specifically in shipping and trade. The research used historical research method which largely used archives from the Dutch colonial period, especially the statistics of shipping and trade, and the reports from BOW (Public Works Agency).
The Moving of Seaport from Labuhan Deli to Belawan in the Period of 1863-1942 Suprayitno Suprayitno; Ratna Ratna; Rohani Rohani; Ganie Ganie; Handoko Handoko
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 3, No 4 (2020): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute November
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v3i4.1363

Abstract

Plantation economic growth has the impact on development in various aspects. One of them is shipping and trade development. Before the existence of plantations in East Sumatera, shipping and trade in Medan were centered at Labuhan Deli as a river-port. Since big ships could not sail on the river, it was considered not effective and efficient anymore. Therefore, the Dutch   Colonial Government planned to build a seaport located on the sea coast so that loading and unloading would be easy to do, and they selected Belawan to be the new seaport. The research problems were how about the existence of Labuhan Deli by the policy of the Dutch Government on moving the seaport to Belawan and what was their reason for it, and how about shipping and trade business in Belawan. This research used archives and other writing materials from the period of the Dutch Colonial Government in Medan and used historical method. The objective of the research was to find out whether plantation economic condition could change various aspects, including shipping and trade at the time. The result of this research was expected to become the reference for the writing on advanced maritime history, particularly on seaport. 
Co-Authors . Pramono Achmad Rhodianto Achmad Taufiq Agit Bagus Dermawan Agnes Lorentina Br Sembiring Ahmad Dardiri Alwi Suddin Amalia Lusiana Aminnudin, Aminnudin Andoko Andoko, Andoko Anggun Septiani Widorini Annisa Rizkika Chairiza Nst Arie Marbandi Arif Dwi Putranto Arif Triyanto Aripriharta - Ariyanto, Sudirman Rizki Arlisah Amary Ata Syifa’ Nugraha Ayu Zahara Azridjal Aziz Baihaqie Danuputra Sudrajat Bili Darnanto Susilo Bismar Nasution Dadang Purwo Ariwidodo Deo Widika Alamsyah Desinta Dwiki Nurfauziah Devangga Dio Putra Arifin Dinarta Gundari Dines Olivia Margareta Erdi Erdi ERNI WIDAJANTI Falaq Ikhzal Suganda Ferry Susanto Limbong Fuad Indra Kusuma Ganie Ganie Handoko Handoko HASIM PURBA Heri Kiswanto Heru Suryanto Ika Liestianingsih Imam Sudjono Indri Robiatul Adawiyah Ineke Kusuma Indriani Juita Osti Bulan Lumbantobing Kurnia Halimatus Solikhah Lovita Apriliana Sari Pinem M. Rizki Harahap Mahmul Siregar Marsono Marsono Melisa Surya Andini Moh. Ansori Mohammad Adifa Betha Nanda Mudinillah, Adam Muhamad Syaifuddin Muhammad Afnan Habibi Muhammad Hersan Arifin Muhammad Yandi Pratama Nadya Syawitri Naufal Anis Mubarok Nindy Pramudita Nova Kurnia Rahmadani Nur Shasmitta Zaen Nurhanifam Nurhanifam Pingkan Sihassaleh Pramono Pramono Pramuko Ilmu Purboputro Rahmat Iman Mainil Ratna Ratna Retno Indah Pangestuti Retno Wulandari Ridho Riski Hadi Riduwan Prasetya Rizki Nugianto Rizki Praham Sutarno Rohani Ganie Rohani Rohani Roza Febrianti Sakib Nurcholish Anshari Shavira Azzahra Sudirman Rizki Ariyanto Sujito Sujito Sukarni Sukarni Sumarno Sumarno Sunarmi Suprihatmi Sri Wardiningsih Suwarno Suwarno Syarifudin Dwi Prasetyo Sylvia Vietressia Sinuhaji T. Keizerina Devi Azwar Tabita Tyasyarani Tan Kamello Via Fitri Permatasari Virlia Nanda Ristia Wara Sinuhaji Yanuhar, Uun Yoga Yuniadi Zory Satrio Nugroho