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Agus Suprihanto
Mechanical Engineering Departement Diponegoro University Semarang - Indonesia
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Journal : jurnal polimesin

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Thermal distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints: experimental and numerical study Azwinur, Azwinur; Suprihanto, Agus; Kusuma, Mukhsinun Hadi; Rozi, Khoiri; Usman, Usman; Dharma, Surya; Hamdani, Hamdani
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7838

Abstract

Dissimilar welding of copper (Cu) and Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) presents significant challenges due to their large differences in thermal conductivity and melting temperature, which lead to asymmetric heat distribution and non-uniform penetration. This study aims to evaluate the effect of welding current on temperature distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L joints using ERCuSi-A filler through an integrated experimental and numerical approach. Welding experiments were conducted at three current levels: 120 A, 135 A, and 150 A on 2.7 mm thick plates. Macrostructural examinations were performed to assess weld bead geometry and penetration behavior. Transient thermal simulations were carried out using ANSYS Workbench to predict temperature fields and thermal gradients. The results indicate that welding current significantly influences weld morphology and thermal behavior. At 120 A, the weld bead was relatively narrow with limited penetration on the Cu side due to rapid heat dissipation. At 135 A, a more uniform fusion profile was achieved, with simulated peak temperatures exceeding 1000°C and an improved penetration balance between Cu and SS316L. At 150 A, deeper penetration into SS316L was observed; however, the heating cycle became shorter and the temperature distribution more localized. Numerical results consistently showed asymmetric temperature fields, where heat diffused rapidly into Cu and concentrated in SS316L. The strong correlation between simulation and macrostructural observations confirms that thermal distribution governs weld geometry and penetration behavior. The 135 A current provides the most balanced fusion characteristics, making it suitable for Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints in heat-transfer applications.
Co-Authors . Widayat Abdul Muis Achmad Widodo Adriathma, Abduh Bayu Agus Hariyanto Akbar, Andika Junata Ako, Henry Al Azis, Bimasakti Sulthan Anak Agung Gede Sugianthara Andhika Krismaintya Putera Andika Pradifan Andrew Bryano Kermite, Andrew Bryano Andri Cahyo Kumoro Aries Susanty Azwinur Azwinur Basyith, Mohammad Rizqi Abdul Berlin, Rilo Budi Setyana Butarbutar, Martin cahya, fajar nur Canggih Nugroho Catur Pramono Dianto, Wahyu Djoeli Satrijo Djoeli Satrijo Dwi Basuki Wibowo Dwi Basuki Wibowo Eko Surojo Eko Surojo Faisal Yusuf Tornado Ferry Hermawan Gunawan Dwi Haryadi H Hadiyanto Hadiyanto Hadiyanto Hamdani Hamdani Hanif, Dimas Naufal Hanifa, Kana Harianto Harianto Hasan Basri Henri Fatih Wibowo Ian Yulianti IGN Wiratmaja Puja Imam Imam Indrawan, Harry Ismoyo Haryanto Jericho Jericho Kamta Kamta Khoiri Rozi Khoiri Rozi Kusuma, Mukhsinun Hadi Miftachul Munir Mika Patayang, Mika Muchlas Rastra Samara Muksin Muhammad Fajar Purnama Muhammad Fakhri Aji Pratomo Musashi, Ota Nugraha, Ariyana Dwiputra Nur Aziyah Nur Cahyo Nur, Hairan Ojo Kurdi P Wahyudi Parven, Parven Paryanto, P Prakoso, Ivan Setyo Pratomo, Muhammad Fakhri Aji Purbonugroho, Hanindhieto Dias Andra R Rizal Isnanto R. Rizal Isnanto Reza, Reza Rochim Suratman Rosadi, Muhammad Arief Rusman Rusman Setyawan Bekti Wibowo Sianipar, Daniel Sigit Iswahyudi Siti Aisyah Soesanto, Indra Harfani Sukamta Sukamta Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulardjaka, S Sumardi . Sumarji Surya Dharma Susilo Adi Widyanto Sutopo, Farrel Rico Alifta Suyitno Suyitno Teguh Triyono Tomy Satya Usman Usman Wahyudianto, FX. Arif Waruwu, Kezia Gracelynn Wijaya, Elang Pramudya Yatim, Ardiyansyah Saad Yurianto Yurianto Yusuf Umardani Yusuf Umardhani