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Journal : Journal of Community Health Provision

Anticancer Assay of Methanol Extract of Gracilaria salicornia Originating from the Hari Islands, Southeast Sulawesi, Against MCF-7 Cancer Cells Sernita, Sernita; Taba, Paulina; Sahidin, I; Soekamto, Nunuk Hariani
Journal of Community Health Provision Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Community Health Provision
Publisher : PSPP JOURNALS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55885/jchp.v5i1.553

Abstract

Marine macroalgae represent a promising but underexplored resource for anticancer drug discovery due to their diverse repertoire of bioactive secondary metabolites. Gracilaria salicornia, a red alga found abundantly in the waters surrounding the Hari Islands, Southeast Sulawesi, has not been previously studied for its cytotoxic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and anticancer activity of methanol extract from G. salicornia against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The algae were extracted using a gradient solvent system, with methanol selected for further testing due to its polarity and broad extraction capacity. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, and steroids/terpenoids—classes of compounds known for their cytotoxic, pro-apoptotic, and redox-modulatory properties. General toxicity was assessed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), with the extract demonstrating moderate toxicity (LC₅₀ = 561.26 mg/L), indicating the presence of bioactive constituents. Cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells was evaluated using the MTT assay, yielding an IC₅₀ value of 414.6 mg/L. Although lower than the standard chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (IC₅₀ = 4.1 mg/L), the observed activity supports the hypothesis that G. salicornia contains compounds with therapeutic relevance. These findings suggest that G. salicornia harbors cytotoxic agents that act through diverse mechanisms, likely involving oxidative stress and hormonal regulation. While the crude extract exhibited only moderate activity, its phytochemical richness warrants further fractionation, isolation, and mechanism-of-action studies. This study provides foundational evidence for the potential of Indonesian marine algae in cancer drug discovery and highlights the need for continued exploration of native marine biodiversity as a source of novel chemotherapeutic agents.
Co-Authors Abd. Wahid Wahab Abdalrazaq, Eid Abdul Karim Abdul Karim Abdul Wahid Wahab Abdul Wahid Wahab Abubakar, Andi Nur Fitriani Ahmad Fudhail  Majid Ahmad Zaini Ahyar Ahmad Alfian Noor Alfian Noor Amin, Ida Ifdaliah Andi Arwita Gau Andi Muhammad Anshar Andi Suciati Andi Yanti Puspita Sari Anita Anita Arfah, Rugaiyah A. Arfiani Nur Astuti, Emmi Azis, Hijrah A. Burhanuddinnur, Muhammad Djabal Nur Basir Djasmawati Mahmud Emma Suryati Fadliah, Fadliah Fatahu, Fatahu Fausan Sullahi Firdaus Firdaus Firdaus Firdaus Firdaus, Firdaus Gappa, Maming Ghanima Yasmaniar Graine Moran Harningsih Karim Harningsih Karim Hasnah Natsir Hasnah Natsir Hasri Hasri Hazirin Zubair Hazirin Zubair, Hazirin Husla, Ridha I Wayan Sutapa Indah Raya Indah Raya Indrawati Patabang Irfandi, Rizal Jarnuzi Gunlazuardi Kasturiasih, Ni Putu Khairunnur, Siti Kollur, Shivaa Prasad Kolo, La La Kalamu, La Yusran La Kolo La Kolo Lestari, Novi Malimongan M Maming Maming Gaffar, Maming Maming Maming Miftahul Jannah Miftahul Jannah Misriyani Misriyani Misriyani Misriyani Muh. Bachri Amran Muhammad Burhannudinnur Muhammad Qaddafi Muhammad Zakir Muhammad Zakir Munadi, Rachmin Musa, Bulkis Nunuk Hariani Soekamto Nunuk Soekamto Nur Afni Nur Haedar NURAENI, ANDI Nuritasari Azis Nurmala Sari Nursiah La Nafie Nursiah La Nafie Nursiah La Nafie Nursiah La Nafie Nursiah La Nafie Parmitha, Nadya Yuli Permatasari, Nur Umriani Prastawa Budi Prastawa Budi Putri, Tri Widayati Ramadani, Ananda Rapi, Prayiska Mariana Ridwan, Irham Pratama Rino R. Mukti Romi Anto Rosalinda Zeniona Maarebia Ruslan Ruslan Russell F. Howe S, Giovanno Alvin Saefuddin ., Saefuddin Sahidin . Sahriani Ali Samriani Samriani Sari, Andi Y.P. Sarlan, Sarlan Seniwati Dali Seniwati Dali Sernita, Sernita SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG, SITI HALIMAH Sopiarini, Putri St. Fauziah St. Fauziah Subandrio Sulistiani Jarre Suriati Eka Putri Syaharuddin Kasim Syahruddin Kasim Syamsiar, Syamsiar Syarifuddin Liong Syarifuddin Liong Ta'bi, Widi Aprilia Tahril Tanasal A.M Tjodi Harlim Triana Febrianti Wahid Wahab, Abdul Widayati Putri, Tri Yasser, M Yusafir Hala Zahra, Audrey Zarlina ., Zarlina