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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Akta Jurnal Fitofarmaka Indonesia Jurnal Pro Hukum : Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik JFIOnline Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Jamu Indonesia JURNAL RECTUM: Tinjauan Yuridis Penanganan Tindak Pidana Devotion: Journal of Research and Community Service Narra J International Journal of Social Service and Research Jurnal Impresi Indonesia International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC) Journal of Social Research Journal Of World Science MEDICINUS Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy INJURITY: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Journal of Social Science Influence: International Journal of Science Review Al Makki Health Informatics Journal Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Indonesian Journal of Jamu
Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
Fakultas Bioteknologi, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya
Religion Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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National Drug Resilience within the Legal Framework: An Analysis of Regulation and Implementation of Law Number 17 of 2023 Tjandrawinata, Raymond R.; Heliany, Ina
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 4 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i4.1339

Abstract

National drug resilience is a fundamental pillar for achieving health independence and sovereignty in Indonesia. Strengthening this resilience has become a strategic mandate outlined in Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health, emphasizing the critical role of producing pharmaceuticals, vaccines, medical devices, and natural-based medicines to support the national healthcare system. This article examines the regulatory aspects, implementation, and challenges of realizing national drug resilience through a normative juridical approach. The integration of progressive legal theory, utilitarianism, and the welfare state model is the primary analytical framework for evaluating policy effectiveness. This approach is reinforced by a human rights perspective, particularly the right to health as enshrined in Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution and international frameworks such as ICESCR. The findings highlight that synergy among adaptive legal policies, strengthening biodiversity-based research and innovation, and supporting local industries are key to reducing dependence on imported materials and enhancing global competitiveness. This article contributes to local legal literature by integrating legal theory with human rights frameworks in the context of pharmaceutical policy while offering practical recommendations for supporting sustainable drug resilience policies. It provides a theoretical and strategic foundation for bolstering the national healthcare system through an inclusive and progressive legal approach.
Nutritional composition and action mechanism of Channa striata meat in wound healing: A systematic review Hapsari, Riani; Tjandrawinata, Raymond
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i3.2903

Abstract

Wound healing is a complex biological process requiring adequate nutritional support, particularly proteins, amino acids, fatty acids, and essential minerals. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) has been traditionally consumed in Southeast Asia to accelerate recovery after surgery and childbirth. Emerging evidence suggests that its nutritional composition plays a pivotal role in tissue repair. The aim of this systematic review was to consolidate evidence on the nutritional composition of C. striata and elucidate its mechanisms of action in wound healing based on preclinical and clinical studies. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2000 and 2023, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies included biochemical analyses, in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, and clinical trials assessing the wound-healing effects of C. striata. Data extraction covered nutrient composition, study design, wound-healing parameters, and mechanistic pathways. Out of 2898 identified studies, 22 of them met the inclusion criteria: ten biochemical composition studies, nine preclinical investigations, and four clinical trials. C. striata extract demonstrated high levels of albumin (0.76–10.73 g/100 g), essential and non-essential amino acids (notably glutamic acid, arginine, and glycine), fatty acids (palmitic, arachidonic, linoleic), and minerals such as zinc and copper. Preclinical models consistently showed enhanced fibroblast proliferation, epithelialization, tensile strength, and collagen deposition. Clinical studies in post-cesarean patients reported significant improvements in wound healing scores, uterine involution, pain reduction, and biomarker modulation (VEGF, IL-6, MMP-9). In conclusion, C. striata exhibits promising wound-healing potential attributable to its rich nutrient profile and multi-pathway mechanisms involving collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. However, the limited number of clinical trials underscores the need for larger, well-designed studies to confirm its translational efficacy in human wound care.
The Evolving Brain: Unraveling the Forces Shaping Human Cognition R. Tjandrawinata, Raymond
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i4.475

Abstract

This interdisciplinary study explores the evolution of the human brain by integrating perspectives from anthropology, neuroscience, evolutionary biology, and technology studies. It delves into the factors driving brain expansion over time, including social complexity, dietary transitions, tool use, and the development of language. By synthesizing primary and secondary data, the research highlights the interplay between cognitive development and environmental pressures, showcasing how human neural architecture was shaped by adaptive responses to changing conditions. The findings reveal that evolutionary adaptations not only influenced brain size and structure but also laid the groundwork for cognitive resilience, particularly in the face of aging and modern technological advancements. This study underscores the profound impact of social and environmental challenges on brain evolution and its ongoing plasticity. Furthermore, it addresses critical questions about how rapid technological shifts are shaping cognitive functions and neural pathways today. By examining the past, present, and future trajectories of the human brain, this research provides a comprehensive framework for understanding its evolutionary processes and offers insights into navigating the challenges of an increasingly complex and technology-driven world.
Ethics and Intellectual Property Rights in Genetic Therapy R. Tjandrawinata, Raymond; Heliany, Ina; Soelistyo Budi, Henry
Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): Asian Journal of Social and Humanities
Publisher : Pelopor Publikasi Akademika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59888/ajosh.v3i5.500

Abstract

Genetic technology, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, has transformed the paradigm of treating genetic diseases by offering new hope for more effective and precise therapies. However, this advancement also presents significant ethical and intellectual property rights (IPR) challenges. This article explores the impact of patents on the development and accessibility of genetic therapy, as well as the ethical issues arising from human genetic modification, especially at the germline level. Using a qualitative analytical approach that combines literature reviews and case studies, the article examines patent disputes that have emerged in the development of CRISPR and how applied patent policies can exacerbate inequities in access to critically needed medical therapies. Furthermore, the article discusses ethical concerns regarding the misuse of genetic technology and its potential impact on future generations. In conclusion, the article proposes the need for more inclusive and balanced policies that prioritize both innovation and accessibility, as well as strict regulations to ensure the safe and ethical application of genetic technology, while considering broader social and cultural impacts.
The Intersection of Max Planck’s Metaphysical Assertion and Christian Theology: A Pragmatic Review of Consciousness and Creation R. Tjandrawinata, Raymond; B. Atawolo, Andreas
Devotion : Journal of Research and Community Service Vol. 5 No. 12 (2024): Devotion: Journal of Community Research
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/devotion.v5i12.25389

Abstract

This systematic review explores the intersection of Max Planck's assertion that "matter is a derivative of consciousness" with key concepts in Christian theology, particularly creation, existence, and the imago Dei. The study aims to investigate how Planck's views align with and enrich theological doctrines, fostering dialogue between science and faith. The objective is to analyze interdisciplinary literature to uncover complementary understandings of the cosmos' origin and nature, drawing from scientific insights and Christian theological frameworks. A qualitative methodology is employed, comprising a systematic analysis of scholarly articles, theological texts, and scientific literature that address consciousness, metaphysics, and divine creation. The findings reveal significant alignment between Planck's concept of consciousness as foundational to matter and Christian beliefs about God’s creative agency and humans as bearers of the imago Dei. This synthesis enhances comprehension of the cosmos as a creation sustained by an underlying consciousness, aligning with the theological principle of divine intentionality. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential for meaningful dialogue between scientific and theological perspectives, offering a unified understanding of existence that bridges the material and metaphysical realms.
COMPARATIVE COMPETITION LAW IN HEALTHCARE: A REVIEW OF U.S. AND INDONESIAN REGULATORY APPROACHES Tjandrawinata, Raymond R.
International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): International Journal of Social Service and Research
Publisher : Ridwan Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46799/ijssr.v5i3.1210

Abstract

The rapid expansion of digital health services and telemedicine introduces new dimensions to competition law enforcement in healthcare. This paper explores strategic recommendations to enhance Indonesia's competition law in healthcare by focusing on strengthening regulatory institutions, improving judicial consistency, fostering private enforcement mechanisms, and developing targeted policies for emerging digital health markets. This study employs a comparative legal analysis approach, integrating qualitative and normative research methods, to examine the effectiveness of existing competition law frameworks governing healthcare in the United States and Indonesia, identifying best practices, challenges, and opportunities for improvement. The findings reveal stark contrasts in competition law enforced between the two countries, particularly in market concentration, regulatory oversight, judicial intervention, and private litigation mechanisms. By adopting a framework that fosters industry sustainability while preventing anti-competitive behavior, Indonesia can create a more competitive, innovative, and accessible healthcare system that benefits both pharmaceutical companies and consumers alike.
Mikrobiota–Usus–Otak sebagai Jaringan Metabolik dan Pengatur Kontrol Energi Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 38 No. 12 (2025): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/fy2cd832

Abstract

This article examines the gut–brain axis in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes as a complex communication network that shapes glucose metabolism, systemic inflammation, gut hormone function, and eating behavior. By integratingevidence from metagenomic, neuroendocrine signaling, and modern pharmacotherapy studies, the article argues that type 2 diabetes is not merely a glycemic disorder, but also an internal ecological disruption involving microbiota interactions, theenteric nervous system, the vagus nerve, and metabolic regulatory centers in the brain. This perspective also highlights the clinical implications of emerging therapeutic agents such as GLP-1 agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 agonists. This articleconceptualizes type 2 diabetes as an interorgan communication disorder that can be ameliorated through multilevel interventions including microbiota modulation, restoration of incretin, and precision nutrition strategies.
Reassessing Diversion and Restorative Justice in Indonesia’s Juvenile Criminal System: Legal Paradigms, Policy Gaps, and Implementation Challenges Heliany, Ina; Tjandrawinata, Raymond R
JURNAL AKTA Vol 12, No 4 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v12i4.46142

Abstract

Indonesia’s juvenile criminal justice system has embraced diversion and restorative justice as foundational principles following the enactment of Law No. 11 of 2012 on the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. This study critically examines the legal frameworks underpinning these principles, explores the policy gaps, and evaluates the implementation challenges that have emerged in practice. Employing a socio-legal qualitative methodology, this paper reviews statutory provisions, policy documents, and empirical research findings on diversion and restorative justice in Indonesia. The results reveal that while Indonesia’s legal reforms align with international standards on juvenile justice, significant inconsistencies persist in the practical application of diversion policies. Key barriers include uneven regional implementation, lack of standardized procedures, insufficient training for law enforcement, and societal resistance rooted in a punitive legal culture. The discussion offers a comprehensive analysis of these challenges and suggests strategic pathways to strengthen the restorative justice framework. The paper concludes by recommending policy reforms that incorporate local wisdom, enhance institutional capacity, and promote community involvement to ensure sustainable and effective juvenile justice practices in Indonesia.
Rekonseptualisasi Faktor Risiko dalam Kedokteran 2025 Raymond R. Tjandrawinata
MEDICINUS Vol. 39 No. 1 (2026): MEDICINUS
Publisher : PT Dexa Medica

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56951/2ejq6e75

Abstract

The term “new risk factors” in the medical literature of 2025 rarely refers to the discovery of previously unknown disease determinants; rather, it reflects an epistemic shift in how risk is defined, measured, and interpreted. This perspectivehighlights how advances in objective measurement technologies, large-scale cohort analyses, and genetics-based causal approaches have brought renewed attention to factors that were previously under recognized or oversimplified. By examining examples such as multidimensionally measured sleep irregularity, wildfire smoke exposure as a cardiovascular determinant, chlorpyrifos pesticide exposure in neurodegenerative disease, and debates surrounding immune-relateddisease causality which assessed through Mendelian randomization, this article demonstrates that the “novelty” of riskfactors more often lies in the breadth of disease spectra and the depth of biological inference rather than in the variables themselves. Obesity and cancer are used as a conceptual framework to illustrate how clinical redefinition can reshape riskstratification and preventive strategies. This perspective argues that progress in modern medicine should not be measured by the expansion of risk factor lists, but by the capacity of scientific systems to assess risk with greater precision, contextual awareness, and orientation toward clinically meaningful outcomes.
Justice and Regulation in Pharmaceutical Patents: A Comparative Philosophical Inquiry into India and Indonesia (1970–2024) Tjandrawinata, Raymond R.
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 11 (2025): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v4i11.7225

Abstract

This article traces the evolution of pharmaceutical patent regimes in India and Indonesia through a jurisprudential and philosophical lens, positioning justice, certainty, and protection as the three normative pillars of evaluation. The theoretical framework draws on John Rawls’s theory of distributive justice, Satjipto Rahardjo’s concept of progressive law, and Barry Mitnick’s theory of the political economy of regulation. Historical analysis reveals two epistemologically distinct trajectories. Since 1970, India has developed a legal system that balances exclusive rights and public welfare through substantive mechanisms such as Section 3(d), compulsory licensing, and drug price control under the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA). Indonesia, by contrast, initially adopted a TRIPS-compliant positivist approach and began transitioning only in 2024 toward a more reflective and justice-oriented patent regime through the enactment of Law No. 65/2024 on Patents. The study argues that the fairness of a patent system should not be measured by its capacity to create monopolies of knowledge but by its effectiveness in distributing the benefits of technology to those most in need. It concludes with the formulation of a Balanced Patent Justice Framework (BPJF) a normative model integrating Rawlsian fairness, Satjiptian humanism, and Mitnickian institutional design to construct a pharmaceutical patent regime that is not only efficient but also morally sustainable.
Co-Authors Achmad K. Harzif Agung Endro Nugroho Agung Endro Nugroho Andon Hestiantoro Andri Prasetiyo Anindini Winda Amalia Anindyajati Anindyajati Anita Artarini Armini Syamsidi ARTARINI, ANITA B. Atawolo, Andreas Babu, Murali Mohan Budi Wiweko Caroline G. Puspita CATUR RIANI Danang Agung Yunaidi Dayana, Hepy Debbie S. Retnoningrum Debbie S. Retroningrum DEBBIE SOEFIE RETNONINGRUM Dewi Riskha Nurmalasari Diana Nur Afifah Esti Mumpuni Esti Mumpuni Esti Mumpuni, Esti Gayatri, Anggi Gita Pratama Hapsari, Riani Hartati Tuna, Hartati Heliany, Ina Henry Soelistyo Budi Henry Soelistyo Budi, Henry Soelistyo Herbert Situmorang Herbert Situmorang Huda Shalahudin Darusman Indriawati, Iin Irsan Hasan Ismaya, Wangsa T. Kaka Renaldi Kanadi Sumapradja Krisnayanti, Ni Putu Eka Kristiana, Hery Kristiana, Hery Laurentia Stephani Liana W. Susanto Lilik Sulastri Luh Putu Nurshanti, Ni Maggy T. Suhartono Maggy T. Suhartono Maggy Thenawidjaja Suhartono Marcellus Simadibrata Martha Wijaya, Harry Melva Louisa Murdani Abdullah Nafrialdi Nafrialdi Nailufar, Florensia Nailufar, Florensia Novia Tri Astuti Novia Tri Astuti Novitasari, Putri Rachma Permanasari, Silmi Citra Rachman, Andika Raden Muharam Natadisastra Retroningrum, Debbie S. Santi Tan Saut Horas Hatoguan Nababan Setiabudy, Rahajuningsih D Shirly Kumala SILMI MARIYA Simatupang, Stefeny Theresia Sinaga, Wenny S.L. Soelistyo Budi, Henry Susanto, Liana W Suwijiyo Pramono Suwijiyo Pramono Tan, Santi Viedya Novalinda Said Wangsa T. Ismaya Wangsa Tirta Ismaya Widjaja, Nadia Winoto, Imelda L Winoto, Imelda L Yanti Lim Zaelani, Bella Fatima Dora