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EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LARVACIDE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) AGAINST Aedes aegypti LARVA Selvi Marcellia; Rediyanto; Dewi Chusniasih
Majalah Biomorfologi Vol. 33 No. 2 (2023): MAJALAH BIOMORFOLOGI
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mbiom.v33i2.2023.68-74

Abstract

Highlights Jackfruit leaf extraction was performed by percolation method using 96% ethanol solvent with flavonoid, saponin, tannin, alkaloid, and steroid terpenoid test. Jackfruit leaf extract was effective as a larvicide against larvae of Aedes aegypti. Abstract Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by the dengue virus, which enters the human bloodstream through the bite of a mosquito of the Aedes genus. The DHF control program is carried out by breaking the vector chain, the Aedes aegypti larvae. The underutilized jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) leaves contain secondary metabolites that have the potential to be larvicides. Secondary metabolites that have the potential as larvicides are flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. Objective: This study was to determine the effectiveness of jackfruit leaf extract as a larvicide in controlling Aedes aegypti vectors and to determine the most effective concentration of jackfruit leaf extract as an Aedes aegypti larvicide. Material and Method: The study was an analytic observational study using a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted from March 2022 to April 2022. Jackfruit leaf extraction was performed by percolation method using 96% ethanol solvent with flavonoid, saponin, tannin, alkaloid, and steroid terpenoid test. The data were analyzed with SPSS Anova (parametric) and Kruskal Wallis non-parametric. Result: In the extraction of 243 gr jackfruit leaves using the percolation method, the yield was 24.3%. Jackfruit leaf extract was effective as a larvicide against Aedes aegypti larvae, even at a concentration of 0.75%. The LC50 results for the total concentration obtained were 0.331% with strong toxicity (poisonous). Jackfruit leaf extract at a concentration of 2% yielded mortality value of 91.2 at 8 hours and at a concentration of 3% it yielded mortality value of 96 at 8 hours. Conclusion: Jackfruit leaf extract was effective as a larvicide against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae.
Biofermentasi Limbah Pertanian dengan Teknologi Fermentor dan Biocomposter untuk Mewujudkan Pertanian Organik di Desa Rawa Selapan Dewi Chusniasih; Winati Nurhayu; Yunita Fahni; Fitri Amelia Purmadi; Kharisma Aulia Putri
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 6, No 12 (2023): Volume 6 No 12 2023
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v6i12.12469

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ABSTRAK Pengelolaan limbah organik sisa pertanian maupun limbah rumah tangga menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan, karena akan berdampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Desa Rawa Selapan merupakan salah satu desa dengan luas sawah terbesar di Lampung Selatan. Selama ini, limbah pertanian di desa tidak dimanfaatkan dengan baik. Selain itu, sistem pertanian dengan penggunaan pupuk kimia dapat mengubah ketersediaan hara dan mikroorganisme tanah sehingga tanah mengalami penurunan tingkat kesuburan. Salah satu upaya untuk memanfaatkan limbah organik dan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah yaitu mengolah limbah organik menjadi pupuk organik/kompos. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah organik pertanian di Desa Rawa Selapan, serta melatih masyarakat desa membuat pupuk kompos menggunakan alat fermentor dan  rotary biocomposter. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan tahapan persiapan, pembuatan alat fermentor dan rotary biocomposter, pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan pemaparan materi dan pelatihan pembuatan kompos, serta hasil kegiatan dievaluasi dengan kuisioner. Terdapat peningkatan pemahaman peserta mengenai pembuatan pupuk menggunakan fermentor dan rotary biocomposter, yang semula hanya 39% menjadi 83% peserta yang memahami hal ini. Selain itu, berdasarkan post-test, sebanyak 91% peserta menjawab akan melanjutkan pembuatan pupuk organik menggunakan fermentor dan biocomposter. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta mengenai dampak negatif penumpukan limbah organik dan penggunaan pupuk kimia berkepanjangan. Selain itu, peserta kegiatan juga telah menguasai teknik pembuatan pupuk kompos dan bioaktivator berbasis fermentasi menggunakan alat fermentor dan rotary biocomposter. Kata Kunci: Fermentor, Bioaktivator, Kompos, Limbah Organik, Rotary Biocomposter  ABSTRACT Management of organic waste from agricultural residues and household waste needs attention due to its potential negative impact on the environment. Rawa Selapan Village is one of the villages with the largest rice field area in South Lampung. So far, agricultural waste in the village has not been utilized properly. In addition, agricultural systems using chemical fertilizers can alter the availability of soil nutrients and microorganisms, resulting in decreased soil fertility. One approach to utilizing organic waste and increasing soil fertility is the conversion of organic waste into organic fertilizer/compost. Objective: This activity aims to utilize organic agricultural waste in Rawa Selapan Village and provide training to village communities on compost production using fermenters and rotary biocomposters. This activity aims to utilize organic agricultural waste in Rawa Selapan Village, as well as train village communities to make compost using fermenters and rotary biocomposters. The activity was carried out in several stages, including preparation stages, building a fermenter and rotary biocomposter, explanation of materials, training in compost production, and the evaluation of the program using a questionnaire. Participants' understanding of compost production using fermenters and rotary biocomposters increased from an initial 39% to 83%. Furthermore, 91% of participants indicated their intention to continue producing organic fertilizer using fermenters and biocomposters based on the post-test result. This activity succeeded in increasing participants' knowledge regarding the negative impacts of organic waste accumulation and prolonged use of chemical fertilizers. Additionally, activity participants have acquired proficiency in fermentation-based compost fertilizer production and the use of bioactivators with fermenters and rotary biocomposters. Keywords: Fermentor, Bioactivator, Compost, Organic Waste, Rotary Biocomposter
AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK ASETON KULIT PISANG RAJA (Musa paradisiaca L.) TERHADAP Aedes aegypti Putri, Ria Desta; Chusniasih, Dewi; Susanti, Dwi
Jurnal Medika Malahayati Vol 7, No 4 (2023): Volume 7 Nomor 4
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jmm.v7i4.12201

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Abstrak : Efektivitas Ekstrak Aseton Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti. Skripsi, Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Malahayati, Bandar Lampung. Kulit pisang raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) telah diidentifikasi sebagai bahan alami potesnsial untuk pengembangan larvasida alami.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas ekstrak aseton kulit pisang raja (Musa paradisiaca L.) terhadap larva Aedes aegypti.Metode penelitian yang digunakan ekstraksi maserasi. Ekstrak aseton kulit pisang raja diuji pada larva Aedes aegypti dengan berbagai konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 0,25%, 0,5%, 0,75%, 1%, 1,25%.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak aseton kulit pisang raja memiliki aktivitas pada konsentrasi 0,25%, 0,5%, 0,75%, 1%, 1,25%. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak yang diberikan, semakin tinggi tingkat mortalitas larva. Dalam percobaan ini ekstrak aseton kulit pisang raja memiliki nilai LC50 = 0,687%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi kulit pisang raja sebagai bahan alami yang efektif dalam mengendalikan populasi larva Aedes aegypti. Penggunaan ekstrak alami ini dapat menjadi alternatif yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan untuk mengurangi penyebaran penyakit yang ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti.
PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAN ASETON KULIT PISANG MULI (Musa acuminata L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans SECARA IN VITRO Aristina, Renny; Chusniasih, Dewi; Susanti, Dwi
Jurnal Medika Malahayati Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Volume 8 Nomor 1
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jmm.v8i1.12935

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Abstrak: Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Dan Aseton Kulit Pisang Muli (Musa Acuminata L.) Terhadap Streptococcus mutans Secara In Vitro. Kulit Pisang muli (Musa acuminata L.) merupakan jenis pisang yang mempunyai pohon kecil, pendek, serta cepat berbuah dibandingkan dengan jenis pisang lainnya. Kulit pisang muli mengandung metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri Streptococcus mutans penyebab karies gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan aseton kulit pisang muli (Musa acuminata L.) terhadap Streptoccocus mutans dan mengetahui ada atau tidaknya perbedaan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan aseton kulit pisang muli (Musa acuminata L.). Ekstraksi kulit pisang muli menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan aseton. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukan bahwa kulit pisang muli mengandung saponin, steroid, terpenoid, tanin, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan fenolik. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan metode difusi cakram dan dilanjutkan konsentrasi 0%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan. Uji aktivias antibakteri ekstrak etanol dan aseton kulit pisang muli terhadap Streptococcus mutans menunjukan bahwa pada konsentrasi 0%, 6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% tidak terdapat zona hambat pada kedua ekstrak tersebut.
Eksplorasi Potensi Antioksidan dan Sitotoksisitas Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L) Pada Sel WiDr Chusniasih, Dewi; Tutik, Tutik
Jurnal Analis Kesehatan Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL ANALIS KESEHATAN
Publisher : Department of Health Analyst, Politeknik Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Tanjungkarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26630/jak.v11i1.3144

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Antioxidant compounds have the ability to inhibit or prevent oxidative damage to target molecules. Oxidative damage is one of the agents that play a role in the development of cancer cells. It is interesting to conduct research to find other anti-cancer compounds in order to minimize the side effects of these anti-cancer drugs.This study aimed to examine the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity in vitro of acetone extract of cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) on WiDr cells. This research is an experimental study, to see the effect of giving cocoa pod peel extract on the inhibition of free radicals, and WiDr cell death. Samples were extracted using 80% acetone. The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH method. The anti-cancer activity test was carried out using the MTT assay method. The test results obtained the IC50 value which indicates the cell death rate related to the concentration of the extract using linear regression analysis, as well as the percentage of antioxidant inhibition. Cocoa pod peel extract has an IC50 of 15.41 ppm and is classified as a very strong antioxidant. The IC50 value of the extract for vero cells was 528.13 ppm, while the IC50 value of the extract for WiDr cells was 47.47 ppm. This study showed that cocoa pod peel extract was classified as a very strong antioxidant component and was active in inhibiting the growth of WiDr cells and not actively inhibiting the growth of normal vero cells. 
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Kandungan Metabolit Sekunder Jamur Endofit Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma longa linn.) Dewi Chusniasih; Najla Nur Azizah; Salsa Pratiwi Mulyadi; Fitri Rizki Oktariyani
Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Undiksha Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Undiksha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jjpb.v11i2.80106

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Turmeric is a plant that is often used as an ingredient in traditional medicine. Turmeric rhizome contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones and polyphenols which have the potential to be used as antimicrobials and antioxidants. Endophytic fungi that live in plant tissue can produce the same metabolites as their host plants, so that endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes have the potential to produce secondary metabolites of medicinal ingredients. This research aimed to isolate endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes, and identify secondary metabolites produced by these endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungal isolates were carried out using the pour plate method, and purification was carried out on each colony which had different characteristics. Identification of secondary metabolites was carried out qualitatively. The results showed that there were 5 isolates of endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes, namely isolates J1, J2, J3, J4, and J5. The five isolates of endophytic fungi were positive for containing alkaloids, tannins and phenolics, but only isolates J2, J3 and J4 also produced saponins. The five isolates of endophytic fungi were reported not to produce flavonoid compounds. Secondary metabolites produced by endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes have the potential to be used as antimicrobial and antioxidant natural ingredients.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TIN (Ficus carica L.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus Muhammad Iqbal Farhan; Dewi Chusniasih; Selvi Marcellia
PHARMACON Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): PHARMACON
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35799/pha.11.2022.39145

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ABSTRACTThe leaves of the fig plant that are underutilized contain secondary metabolites that have the potential as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the fig leaf extract as an antibacterial against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and to determine the concentration of the fig leaf extract as an antibacterial. Fig leaf extraction method using percolation method using ethanol as a solvent and testing the antibacterial activity of fig leaf extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. fig leaf phytochemical screening results. Fig leaf extract has antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with a concentration of 20% with an inhibition zone of 10.50 mm against Escherichia coli bacteria and 5% with an inhibition zone of 1.30 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Tin leaf ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and has antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli at a concentration of 20% with an inhibition of 10.50 mm with a strong category (10-20 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 5% with an inhibition of 1 .30 mm and meet the weak category (< 5 mm).Keywords: Tin leaf (Ficus carica L.) antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli.ABSTRAKDaun dari tanaman tin yang kurang termanfaatkan memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ekstrak daun tin efektif sebagai anti bakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak daun tin sebagai antibakteri. Metode ekstraksi daun tin dengan metode perkolasi menggunakan pelarut etanol dan uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun tin terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. hasil skrining fitokimia Daun Tin. Ekstrak daun tin memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 20% dengan zona hambat 10,50 mm terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli dan 5% dengan zona hambat 1,30 mm terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak etanol Daun Tin dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dan memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Escherichia coli pada konsentrasi 20% dengan hambatan sebesar 10,50 mm dengan kategori kuat (10-20 mm) dan Staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 5% dengan hambatan sebesar 1,30 mm dan memenuhi kategori lemah (< 5 mm).Kata kunci: Daun Tin (Ficus carica L.) antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli
Activity of Cellulolytic Bacteria Origin From Sediment of Mangrove Forest Ecotourism Pesawaran Lampung Chusniasih, Dewi; Handayani, Catie; Istiadi, Khaerunissa Anbar
Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH) Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Lampung in collaboration with The Indonesian Association of Biology (PBI) Lampung Branch.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jbekh.v11i2.371

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Cellulolytic bacteria can hydrolyze substrates containing cellulose such as mangrove litter trapped in mangrove sediment by producing cellulase enzymes to break down cellulose into simpler compounds. The purpose of this study is to obtain bacterial isolates from mangrove sediment that have the ability to produce cellulase enzymes and to determine the activity of the cellulase enzymes they produce in degrading cellulose substrates. The methods used in this study include isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from mangrove sediments, qualitative enzyme activity test, standard curve of bacterial growth, bacterial growth curve for 24 hours, standard glucose curve, and quantitative enzyme activity test using a spectrophotometer. From the isolation results obtained 18 candidate cellulolytic bacteria with different macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Based on the results of the qualitative enzyme test for 4 days on Zobell media added with 0.5% CMC, enzyme activity index was obtained from 5 isolates. The highest activity index of isolate M2 was on day 3 that was 1.96, isolate M3 had the highest activity index on day 4 that was 4.29, isolate M4 was 2.02 on day 4, isolate M6 was 4.39 on day 4, and isolate M13 was 3.87 on day 4. Furthermore, 3 potential iso-lates were selected based on the highest average index of enzyme activity for quantitative tests. The quantitative test results from the crude extract of the cellulase enzyme for 7 days on 0.5% CMC substrate showed that the highest hydrolysis activity occurred on day 5 by isolate M6, that was 0.151 U/mL. The other two cellulolytic isolates, isolate M3 and isolate M13, had the highest cellulose hydrolysis activity, 0.129 U/mL and 0.137 U/mL.
Aplikasi Budidaya Ikan Dalam Ember Dengan Akuaponik Di Desa Gedung Harapan, Lampung Selatan Maretta, Gres; Darmawan, Andy; Sinaga, Ayu Oshin Yap; Sari, Dian Anggria; Chusniasih, Dewi; Wahyuni, Kurnia; Sari, Rara Mulia; Hidayat, Thaariq; Novrianti, Rima Arini; Azmi, Sarah
TeknoKreatif: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol 4 No 2 (2024): TEKNOKREATIF : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Volume 4 No 2
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LP2M), Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35472/teknokreatif.v4i2.1122

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As human population grows, the demand for food production will increase and consequently causing greater stress to resources such as land and water. Aquaponic is a technology integrating hydroponic and aquaculture to optimize nutrient cycling. The problem faced by the residents of Gedung Harapan Village is that the community still has not utilized the potential for optimal use of house yards for aquaculture and agriculture. We introduce aquaponics technology to realize independence in fulfilling family nutrition in the Gedung Harapan Village, South Lampung. This activity resulted in an increase in participants' understanding and experience of fish farming in buckets (budikdamber) with aquaponics. It was advisable to encourage more people to implemented budikdamber to fulfill family nutrition.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Minyak Jelantah menjadi Produk Lilin Aromaterapi di Desa Pahawang, Pesawaran Khairani, Iffa Afiqa; Anbar Istiadi, Khaerunissa; Chusniasih, Dewi; Suryanti, Erma; Arliani Nur Anisa, Hida; Natalia Pardede, Desta
Jurnal Abdimas Berdaya : Jurnal Pembelajaran, Pemberdayaan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Abdimas Berdaya
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/jab.v8i1.1040

Abstract