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Exploration of Moraceae Species in the Forest of Lemor Botanical Gardens, Suela District, Lombok Island, Indonesia Dewi, Ariana Ashri; Raksun, Ahmad; Mertha, I Gde; Zulkifli, Lalu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11845

Abstract

Forest of Lemor Botanical Gardens in Suela District, Lombok Island, Indonesia, is known for its rich plant diversity, including members of the Moraceae family, which have important ecological and economic values. Existing records of Moraceae in this area are primarily based on botanical collections from the ex-situ zone, whereas information on species occurring in the in-situ forest conservation area remains limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore and identify species of the Moraceae family present in the forest area of Lemor Botanical Gardens. The research applied a descriptive exploratory approach using purposive sampling and the cruise method during field surveys conducted from September to November 2025. Data collection included counting individual plants, photographic documentation, morphological description, and voucher specimen verification. The study recorded sixteen species belonging to four genera in the Moraceae family, namely Ficus, Artocarpus, Streblus, and Morus, with a total of 805 individuals. Among these, Ficus septica was the most abundant species, with 125 individuals recorded, making it the dominant species in this habitat. These findings provide preliminary baseline data that can support conservation management of the area, complement the need for in-situ data, and document Moraceae botanical collections that had not previously been recorded within the ex-situ area of the botanical garden. In addition, the results are expected to serve as a scientific reference and to improve public understanding of Moraceae diversity.
The Impact of Bokashi and NPK Fertilizer Applications on Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) Growth Raksun, Ahmad; Zulkifli, Lalu; Mertha, I Wayan; Santoso, Didik; Ilhamdi, Moh. Liwa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11543

Abstract

The growth of pakchoy is determined by the availability of nutrients around its root system. Research on the effect of bokashi and NPK fertilizer on pakchoy vegetative growth was conducted from May to August 2025. This study aimed to measure the increase in pakchoy growth after being given bokashi and NPK fertilizer. The pakchoy planting experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with two factors. Pakcoy was planted in experimental pots, given bokashi treatment 3 days before planting and given NPK fertilizer 15 and 22 days after planting. The results of the experiment showed that: (1) the vegetative growth parameters of pakchoy given 1.5 g of NPK fertilizer were significantly different from the control, except for leaf width, (2) the vegetative growth parameters of pakchoy given 1.6 kg of bokashi were significantly different from the control, except for leaf width, (3) The interaction of bokashi and NPK fertilizer did not significantly affect the vegetative growth of pakchoy.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Groupers at Labuhan Lombok Based on CO1 Gene Ramdhani, Baiq Endang Kurnia; Mahrus, Mahrus; Zulkifli, Lalu
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11854

Abstract

Groupers (family Serranidae) are high-value reef fish that are often prone to misidentification due to their morphological similarities. This research examined the phylogenetic relationships of grouper species landed at the Pondok Sampan Fish Landing Site in Labuhan Lombok using the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (CO1) gene. One specific sample (K5) was analyzed to verify its taxonomic status. DNA isolation was performed through the CTAB technique, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing. Morphological identification initially suggested the sample belonged to the genus Epinephelus. However, molecular results showed that K5 is Aethaloperca rogaa (100% similarity). The phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the Neighbor-Joining approach with 10,000 bootstrap iterations and the Kimura 2-Parameter model in MEGA XI, which placed the specimen within a monophyletic group alongside A. rogaa sequences from Egypt, showing a genetic distance of 0.00. The nucleotide composition (T: 29.8%, C: 27.3%, A: 25.5%, G: 17.4%) was identical to the reference sequence, confirming the anti-G bias typical of teleost mitochondrial DNA. This research illustrates the critical importance of DNA barcoding to correct morphology-based misclassifications. It emphasizes the need for genetic confirmation in fisheries diversity evaluations and in the sustainable management of grouper populations across the Indo-Pacific.  
Co-Authors Abdul Syukur Afifa, Niswatun Agil Al Idrus Agil Al Idrus, Agil Al Agus Ramdani Ahmad Raksun, Ahmad Alhafizin, M. Anggraeni, Yulia Anhapia, Baiq Anita Apriana, Mila Arianti, Septia Aulia Putri Ayu Citra Rasmi, Dewa Aza, Elsa Azhrina Baiq Sri Handayani Cahyadi Wirajagat, Gde Daiadin, Muhammad Darmawan, Rizky Ferdyanto Dewi, Ariana Ashri Dianam Didik Santoso Dwi Soelistya Dyah Jekti Fadilla Yuliana, Baiq Fashia F, Yauma Fitriani, Iwan Gustina, Yuka H. Mahrus Handayani, Baiq. Sri Hariadi, Ismawan Hartini, Suci Havizah, Ilma Nur Hidayat, Ali Akbar Hidayati, Siti Nur Isnaini Husni, Vici Handalusia I Gde Mertha I Wayan Merta I Wayan Mertha Ilhamdi, M. Liwa Ilhamdi, Moh Liwa Ilhamdi, Mohammad Liwa Isnada Jati F, Lalu Zuhdi Jayadi, Muh Indra Karnan Karnan Kodri Madang, Kodri Laila F, Baiq Indira Lalu Japa, Lalu Lisnawati Mahrus Mahrus Mahrus, Mahrus Moh. Liwa Ilhamdi, Moh. Liwa Muhammad Zaki Musaddat, Syaiful Nabila, Elva Elvina Ni Luh Putu Pebri Artayani . NINING INTAN TOHARAH, NINING INTAN Nurikhsanti, Mikiyal Ovie Arista Paspania, Karima Pazira, Ayun PRAPTI SEDIJANI, PRAPTI Priyo Hartanto Putra, Hendra Susana Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Ramdayani, Lisa Ramdhani, Baiq Endang Kurnia Rasmi, Dewa Ayu Citra Riskia, Alya Rizki, Risa Mar’ussifa Robi'atul Adawiyah, Marosa Rusyda, Mentari Tatsbita Sakaroni, Rubiyatna Sapril, Dian Islamiaty Sari, Neti Kumala Shalihah, Aghnia Amaliatus Siti Saadah Sofian, M. Syamsul Bahri Syauki MS, Lalu Syauki, Lalu Syukur , Abdul UMAMI, RIZAL Ummi, Husniatul Utami, Febrisa Indri Utami, Ni Wayan Anggun Diah Wahidin Wardana, Lalu Ali Widyarsini, Ni Winata, I Gede Darma Wirajagat , Cahyadi Wirajagat, Gde Cahyadi Yuliana, Baiq Fadilla Zamzamy, Genta Aditya Zanaria